Lexicon of Antarctic Stratigraphic Names: Introduced by Members of United States Expeditions (1972)

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3 . Type section a . Locat ion 8 miles wes t of Lower Wright Glacier b . Evidence for age Intermediate glaciation between 35 , 000 and 7 , 000 years old . Lower Wright Glacier till II 1 . Firs t published use R. L. Nichols , MUlt iple Glaciation in the Wright Valley , MCMUrdo Sound , Antarct ica ; GSA Spec Pap 68 ; 240 ; 196 1 . · 2 . Definition "Small end moraines approximately 5 miles wes t of the Lower Wright Glacier were depos ited during the oldes t stage of the youngest recognued glaciat ion. An extens ive end moraine was depos ited after the Lower Wript Glacier of this glaciat ion had retreated eastward approximately 3 Ddles from the small end moraines . Ice -cored moraines are even younser . The raised beaches Which reach 67 feet above sea level around McMUrdo Sound were built after the full-bodied s tage of the younsest glaciation. " (Nichols , 240) 3 . Type sect ion a. Locat ion 5 miles wes t of Lower Wright Glacier b . Evidence for age "Carbon - 14 analys is of an elephant seal buried in one of these beaches indicates that this s tage of the youngest glaciation probably occurred more than 7 , 000 years ago . " (Nichols , 240) Marie Byrd Land basaltic hyaloclastites 1 . First published use LeMasurier , W. E . Volcanic evidence for E arly Tertiary G laciation in Marie Byrd Land : Ant . Jour . u. s. 5 , p . 154 -155 , 1970 . - 6 8 -

2 . Definition "The Marie Byrd Land basaltic hyaloclas tites are found in the basal part of the volcanic success ion , which is exposed principally in the ranges near the ·Coast . The oldest section found in this s tudy occurs at Turtle Peak • • • • " (LeMasurier , 154) 3. Type section a. Location Turtle Peak ; USAS E s carpment , Mt . Petras , Crary Mountains , Shibuya Peak (Hobbs Coas t ) , Mount M.lrphy b . Thickness 100 - 2000 meters c . Lithology Vitric tuff-breccia depos its that are composed or lenses and pillow-like masses of crys talline basalt encl osed in a matrix of s ideromelane tuff d . Evidence for Age K-Ar age de terminat ions : Tur t le Peak ± 9 m. y . USAS Escarpment 3 1 . 3 ± 2 , 0 m . y . 19 . 4 ± 1 . 5 m . y . Mt . Pe tras 22 . 2 ± 1 . 6 m . y . Crary Mts . 7 . 0 ± 1 . 1 m . y , Sh i buya Peak 6 . 6 ± 0 . 7 m. y . Mt . Murphy 0 . 8 m. y . (LeMasur ier , 1 55) McMurdo Glaciation depos its 1. First published use Pew,{, T . L. M.lltiple glaciation in the McMurdo Sound region , Antarctica -- a progress report : Jour . Geol. 68 , p . 498 -514 , 1960 . 2 . Definition "The earlies t and most extens ive glacial advance recogtLized has been named the McMUrdo Glaciation, after McMurdo Sound , around which high-level glacial depos it s are found . Patches of drift of this glaciation occur on ridges 2000 feet above sea level on the wes t a ide of Koettlitz Glacier , and in Taylor Dry Valley about 3 , 000 feet above sea level , - 69 -

2 , 500 feet above the floor of the valley near the top of MOunt Nussbaum. " (Plwft, 502 ) 3 . Type section a . Location MCMUrdo Sound region b . Lithology Granitic and metamorphic rocks , some kenyte . No fresh faces on boulders , most boulders and cobbles eroded to ground level . No morainal form. Some ventifacts . Deeply etched bedrock benches . c . Relat ion to other units Pre -Taylor Glaciation 4 . Synonyms or closely related names See First Glaciat ion deposits MCMUrdo paragneiss 1. Firs t published use Goldich , s.s. , A. o . Nier , A. L . Washburn . A40t�O age of Gneiss from MCMurdo Sound , Antarctica : Trans . Am. Geophya . Union , 39 , p . 9 56 -957 , 1958 . 2 . Definition "Specimen 57 -12-3d is a dark-gray, medium-grained gneiss with well-developed compos itional banding . Biot ite is abundant in the mafic layers . The light -colored feldspar-quartz bands are cons iderably coarser in grain than the dark band . The gneiss is undoubtedly of sedimentary origin. " (Goldich , Nier , Washburn , 1959 ) . 3 . Type section a. Location Gneiss Point , MCMUrdo Sound ( 77° 25 1 S , 163°43 ' E ) - 70 -

b . Lithology Dark-gray , medium-grained gneiss with well developed compos itional banding . Undoubtedly of sedimentary origin , it cons ists of plagioclase , b iot ite , hornblende , augite and quartz . c . Evidence for Age K-Ar age from biotite of 520 m. y . Specimen s ituated on a fault zone near the Ross Sea volcanic is lands ; for these reasons caution mus t be exercised . Some support offered by s imilar age of gneiss at Rio de Janeiro and granite at Cape Town . Mc!llrdo till 1. First published use R. L. Nichols ; Multiple glaciation in Wright Valley , McMUrdo Sound , Antarctica ; GSA Spec Pap 68 ; 240 ; 196 1 . 2 . Definition "Stratified gravels containing a high percentage of pecten shells are found approximately 25 miles from McMUrdo Sound . The shells were transported by glac ial ice and meltwater s treams from McMurdo Sound during the next youngest glaciat ion. Carbon-14 analys is proves that they are more than 35 , (i00 years old. " (Nichols , p . 240 ) 3 . Type sect ion a. Location 25 miles up Wright Valley from McMUrdo Sound b . Evidence for age c14 of 35 , 000 years (NiChols , p . 240) McNamara Is land diorite 1 . First published use Craddock , c. , c. M. White, R. H, Rut ford , The geology of Eights Coas t : Ant . Jour . u. S . 4, p . 93 -94 , 1969 . 2 . Definit ion "McNamara Is land is coq»osed of light to medium gray dioritic - 71 -

plutonic rocks with poorly developed fol iat ion. " ( Craddoc: t et al , 93 ) 3 . Type sect ion a . Location McNamara Is land , E ights Coast Member Al of Beacon Group 1 . Firs t published use Zeller , E . J. , E. E . Angino , M. D. Turner . Basal Sedimentary Section at Windy Gulch , Taylor Glacier , Victoria Land, Antarctica : GSA Bull . 72 , p . 781 -785 , 196 1 . 2 . Definit ion " • • • 255 1 White to buff , very fine -grained sandstone with occas ional lenses of conglomerate • • • Cavernous weathering with abundant fucoids occurs 10 - 16 1 above the base of Member Al. Scattered thruout are occas ional ferruginous bands . Cross -bedding is present 75 1 above the base of the unit ." 3. Type section a . Locat ion Windy Gully , Upper Taylor Valley , Victoria Land b . Thickness 645 feet c . Lithology Al is a maas ive s andstone , fine-grained , arkos ic . Some erose­ bedding and concretions present . d . Relation to other units Thia member overlies the Terra Cotta Mountain member , a sequence of interbedded s ands tone and shale , and probably merges upward with Member A of McKelvey and Webb ' a section. e. Evidence for age As part of the lower Beacon Group , it can be ass igned an age somewhere within the Beacon ' s Devonian-Triass ic range . - 72 -

4 . Synonyms or c losely related names · Member A , lower part . B . C . McKelvey , P . N . Webb ; Geological investigat ions in South Victoria Land , Antarct ica , Pt . I I , Geology of Upper Taylor Glacier Region ; New Zealand Jour . Geol . and Geopb • • v . 2 ; p . 718 -728 , 1959 . Mount Atwood adamellite 1 . Firs t publ ished use Boudette , E . L . , R . F . Marvin and C . E . Hedge . Biotite, potassium­ felds par , and who le-rock ages of adamell ite , Clark Mountains , We s t Antarc tica : USGS Prof . Pap , 550-D , p . 1 90- 1 94, 1966 . 2 . lJefinition "These rocks have been intruded by a coarse-grained , salmon-pink adamellite , and contact metamorphism has produced res is tant hornfels which forms Mount Jones and , in part , Mount Van Valkenburg . " ( Boudette et al , 190) 3 . Type section a . Location Mt . Atwood , Clark Mountains , Edsel Ford Ranges b . Lithology Coarse-grained , fresh to s light ly weathered , extens ively jointed and weakly foliated . Pink color due to partly oxidized iron component . Contains an orthoclase patch perthite with a large amount of exsolved alb ite twin lamellae , plagioclase , quartz and b iotite . c . Relation to other units Intrudes Clark Mountains metasedimentary rocks d . Evidence for age K-Ar age from biot ite of 143 ± 4 m. y . Rb -Sr age from potass ium feldspar o f 137 ± 9 m. y . Rb -Sr age from whole rock o f 116 ± 1 0 m. y. ( ? ) 4 . Synonyms �r closely related names See Clark Mountains granite ( ? ) See Edsel Ford granodiorite ( ? ) - 73 -

MOunt Bast ion Formation 1 . Firs t published use Mirsky , A. , S . B. Treve s and P . E . Calkin. Stratigraphy and petrography, Mount Gran area , southern Victoria Land , Antarct ica : Geology and Paleontology of the Antarctic , Ant . Res . Ser . Vol , 6 , p . l45· 176 , 1965 . 2 . Definition 3 . "This format ion in the MOunt Gran area crops out only at Mount Gran , where it disconformably overlies quartz sandstone of the Razorback Format ion. " (Mirsky et al , 160) Type section a. b . c . Locat ion Mount Gran , south Victoria Land Thickness About 700 feet Lithology Heterogeneous , conglomeratic sandstone to shale , coal , but no carbonate roCks . Arkos ic overall , subrounded to angular grains , sorted moderately. Cross -bedded or thin-bedded , micaceous . Some carbonaceous material . d . Relat ion to other unite Overl ies Razorback Formation disconformably Capped by diabase s ill e. Evidence for age Glossopteris flora indicates thes e rocks are no older than Permian. (Mirsky , 165 ) Mount Butters Format ion 1. Firs t published use LaPrade , K. E . Permian-Trias s ic Beacon Group of the Shackleton - 74 -

Glac ier area , Queen Maud Range , Transantarctic Mountains , Antarc tica : GSA Bul l , 81 , p . 1403- 1410 , 1970. 2 . De finition "The name Mount Butter s Formation is given to the success ion of l ight-gray to gray graywacke sands tone s , c ontaining a few thin interbeds of gray to black shales , which gradational ly over l ie the MacKe llar Format ion . The Mount But ters Format ion is named for Mount Butters (84° 53 1 S , 177 °36 1 W) where a wel l- exposed 214 m. thick sec­ tion is designated the type section ." (LaPrade , 1407) 3 . Type sec t ion a . Location Mount But ters (84° 53 1 S , 177 °36 1 W) , Queen Maud Range b . Thickness 2 14 meters c . Lithology Sandstones , l ight-gray , local ly redd ish due to abundant red zeol i te matrix . Irregularly bedded and highly cross- bedded . Amp l i tudes of cross- beds increase upward . Rare ripple marks and des s icat ion cracks . d . Re lat ion to other units Gradat ional ly over l ie s MacKe l l ar Formation Over lain by Buckley Format ion e . Evidence for age Permian by c orrelat ion with s imilar units 4 . Remarks a . Corre l ates wi th Unit B of Shackleton Glac ier , Fairchild Format ion of Queen Alexandra Range , upper sands tone of Weaver Format ion of Scott Glac iers area, basal s and s tone of Mount Glossopteris Format ion o f Ohio Range , on the bas is of l i thology and s trati­ graphic pos ition . (LaPrade , 1408) - 75 -

b . The Mount But ters Formation was inc luded as the lower part of the MacKe l lar Format ion by Wade and others (Sc ienc e , vol . 1 50 , p . 1808- 1809 , 1 96 5) . MOunt Byerly granite 1 . Firs t published use Halpern , M. Rubidium-stront ium date from Mt . Byerly , West Antarctica : Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1 , p . 455-457 , 19 66 . 2 . Definition "A saq»le of granite from Mt . Byerly , Antarct ica , has been isotop i cal ly analyzed for rub i d ium and ·s tront ium • . Mt . By-er ly ( lat . · 81 ° 53 1 S , long . 89 ° 23 1 W) lies between the folded Pa leozoic geosynclinal rocks of the E llsworth MOuntains and the shield of E as t Antarctica. " (Halpern , 455 ) 3 . Type sect ion a. Location b . Lithology Pink , holocrystalline , medium-grained , hypidiomorphic-granular. 36% K-spar , 32% quartz , 17% plagioclase , 15% b iot ite . c . Evidence for age MiniDUm age of 177 ± 20 m. y . age from Rb -Sr (Halpern, 457 ) MOunt Glossopteris Formation 1 . First published use Long , W. E . Sedimentary rocks of the Buckeye Range , Horlick Mountains , Antarctica : Science , vol . 135 , p . 319 -321 , 1962 . - 76 -

2 . Definition "The MOunt Glossopteris Formation is the uppermost sedimentary unit of the Ohio Range and is composed of about 2000 ft . ( 6 10 m) of feldspathic sands tones , s ilts tones , shales and coals . An abundant but limited assemblage of foss il plants , including Glossopteris , Gan&amopteris , Schizoneura and Vertebraria , is preserved in dark hard shales and as fos s il logs in sands tones . Glossopteris has been found in associat ion with branchiopod crustaceans . Numerous semi -anthracite coal beds are present , as much as 12 ft . ( 3 . 7 m) thick and probably of limited horizontal extent . Fos s i l evidence indicates a Permian age for the MOunt Glossopteris Formation . All evidence is cons istent with fluviat ile and paludal non-marine depos it ion. " (Long , 1963 , p . 766 ) 3 . Type section a . Locat ion MOunt Glossopteris , Ohio Range , Horlick MOuntains b . Thickness 2000 feet c. Lithology Shales and s i lts tones (48%) , arkos es (40%) and coal ( 5%) . Arkose is light yellow-brown weathered , dark gray fresh , thick to mass ive and cross -bedded , fine- to coarse -grained , subrounded , cement s ilica , clay , calcite and iron oxide . Shale and s iltstone are dark gray to black ; fos sil plants . Some iron-rich or carbonaceous . Coal banded and low volatile b ituminous to semi-anthracitic . d . Relation to other units Overlies Discovery Ridge Formation e . Evidence for age Permian fos s i l s ( see above ) MOunt Gran gneiss 1 . First published use Calkin , P . E . , S . B . Treves and A. Mirsky . Geology of Mount Gran area , Antarc t ica : AAPG Bul l 47 (2) , p . 352 , 196 3 . - 77 -

2 . Definit ion "However , a basement complex of metamorphic and igneous rocks crops out in a small , isolated corner at the northwes t corner of Gran Valley . This complex cons ists of granitic rocks and gneisses which are cut by acid and bas ic dikes . The gneis ses show foliat ion s triking northwes t with a near vertical dip . " (Calkin et al , 352) 3. Type sect ion a. Locat ion Northwes t Gran Valley (77° S , l61 °E ) in south Victoria Land b . Re lat ion to other units Overlain by sedimentary rocks of Beacon Sandstone c . Evidence for age "The age of the gne isses may be Precambrian or poss ibly E arly Paleozoic . " (Calkin et al , 352 ) MOunt Kenyon Formation 1 . First published use LaPrade , K. E . Permian-Triass ic Beacon Group of the Shackleton Glacier area , Queen Maud Range , Transantarctic MOuntains , Antarctica : GSA Bull 81 , p . 1403 -1410 , 1970. 2. Definit ion "The name MOunt Kenyon Formation is applied to mass ive graywacke sandstones with interbedded , thick , shale beds which dis conformably overlie the Buckley Formation. " (LaPrade , 1408 ) 3 . Type section a. Locat ion MOunt Kenyon ( 85 ° 13 1 s, 174° 25 ' W) b . Thickness 563 meters plus c . Lithology Sands tones light gray , medium gray or pink . Beddiq mass ive, - 78 -

irregular or torrential ly cros s- bedded . Rip p le marks , des iccat ion cracks , c lay- gal l c onglomerates c ommon . Petr ified logs and s tems . Shales med ium gray , but a l s o brown , red., g1:een , purple . S o f t t o med ium h ard , p la ty , irregular ly bedded . d . Re lat ion t o other un its Over l ie s Buckley Format ion d i sconformab ly e . Evidence for age Tr ias s ic age ass igned f"J"om presence of Di croi d iu11'. f l ora (LaPrade , 1409) 4. Remarks Corre lat ive with Fremouw-Falla Format ion of the Queen Alexandra Range on the bas is of l i thol ogies and s trat igraphic pos it:l .on . (LaPrade , 1409) Mount Petras fe l s i te 1 . F irs t publ ished use Doumani . G. A. Geologic observations in Wes tern Antarctica �ur ing recent overanow traverses : IGY Bul l . 41 , Trans . Am. Geophys . Union , p . 706 - 7 1 0 , 1960. 2 . De finition "The dominant rock type is a very fine-grained to c oar se granular rock, probably rhyol i te , with large ind ividual cr ysta l s i n places . Pyr ite is d isseminated s parsely and randomly i n a rhyol i tic outcrop that is s tr ikingly s imilar to the rhyol i te found in the eastern mountain of the unnamed range (Unnamed Moun ta in Basalt) . (Douman i , 709) 3. Type sect ion a . Locat ion Mount Petras, Marie Byrd Land Mount Pirr it Granite 1 . F irat pub l iehed uee Thiel , E . Antarctic a , One Cont inent or Two ? : Polar Record 10 (6 7) p . 335-348 , 1 96 1 . - 79 -

2 . Definit ion "Mount Pirrit" is apparently granite . 3 . Type sect ion a . Location Mount Poster volcanics 1 . Firs t published use Williams , P .L . , D. L. Schmidt , C . C . Plummer , an4 L . E . BroWP . Geology of the Lass iter Coas t area , Antarct ic Peninsula , a preliminary report : Proc . Symp . on Antarctic Geol . and Geophys ics , Os lo ( in preparat ion) 2 . Definit ion "At Mount Pos ter , a thousand meters of folded dueitic and andes itic( '? ) lava flows and ash -flow tuffs apparently overlie the sediuntary rocks . " 3 . Type sect ion a . Locat ion Mount Pos ter , wes tern Latady Mountains , 74° 4 l 1 S , 65° 39 1 W b . Lithology " • • • cons is t of dark gray-green •ss ive flows and poorly bedded volcanic sediD•ntary rocks , and pale gray layer• of fine-grained , thinly bedded tuff. ( Some) units •re likely ash -flow tuffs , or ignimbrite• . c . Thickness 1000 meters + d . Relation to other units Overlies Latady Format ion 4. Evidence for age Late Jurass ic or younger , based on its pos ition overlying the Latady Format ion. - 80 -

5 . Correlat ives Coeval with widespread Juras s ic volcanic rocks throughout Antarctic Peninsula and e as tern E l lswor th Land Mount Schopf diabase 1. First publ ished use Treves , S . B . Igneous and metamorph ic geology of the Oh io Range , Horlick MOuntains : Polar Record 1 1 { 7 5 ) , p . 776 ·777 , 1963 . 2 . Definit ion "The sedimentary rocks of the Ohio Range are lo cally capped by an 800 1 thick remnant of a diabase s ill . " {Treves , 777 ) "The sedimentary ro cks of MOunt Schopf are capped by 580 ft . { 17 5 m) of diabase that is a remnant of a s il l . The sedimentary rocks at the contact of the diabase are thermally metamorphosed . " Treves , S . B . Igneous and metamorphic geology of the Ohio Range , Horlick MOuntains : Antarctic Geology , Proc . Capetown Sympos ium 1963 , John Wiley & Sons , p . 498 -500 , 1964 . 3 . Type section a . Location Mount S chopf , Oh io Range , Horli ck Mountains b . Thickness 580 feet c . Lithology Similar to other diabases in Victoria Land . Green-b lack , mass ive , basalt ic contact facies to a medium- to coarse -grained brown to greenish black microgabbro or diabase , weathers brown-red with exfoliat ion lamellae pitted , contains labradorit e , augite , hypers thene , pigeonite and opaques . d . Relation to other units Intrudes Beacon Supergroup . - 81 �

Mount S idley till 1. First published use Doumani , G . A . Geologic Observations in West Antarct ica during recent oversnow traverses : IGY Bull . 41 , Am. Geophys . Union 41(4) , p . 706 -710 , 196� . 2 . Definit ion "Glacial moraines are the uppermos t deposits in the Mount S idley rock sequence . Huge boulders of varying compos ition lie in a spectacular array of concentric arcuate pat terns indicat ing stages of reces s ion of glacier ice . " (Doumani , 708 ) 3 . Type section a . Location Mount S idley , southeast Execut ive Committee Range b . Lithology Angular c l as ts ( few em to 2 meters ) of diverse l i thologies c . Relation to other units Overlies Execut ive Committee Range volcanic rocks . Mount S idley trachyte and andes ite 1 . Firs t published use Doumani , G .A . and E . G . Khiera . Petrography of roCks from mountains in Marie Byrd Land , West Antarct ica : GSA Bull . 73 , p . 877-88 2 , 1962 . 2 . Definit ion "The inves tigat ion of Mount S idley showed a success ion of pyroclastic rocks as well as trachytes and andes ites , characterized by large phenocrysts of feldspar . The andes ites contain plagioclase phenocrysts , which closely resemble the so -called " anorthoclase" o f Mount ErebU8 , Antarct ica (Smith , 19 54 , p . 48 ) . The phe nocrys ts are euhedral to subhedral and vary in s ize up to 8 mm. Compos it ions range from An1o to An26 • " (Doumani and Ehlers , 879 ) - 82 -

3 . Type section a. Location MOunt Sidley (77 ° S , 126 ° W) , Marie Byrd Land b . Relation to other units Overlain by Executive Committee tuffs c. Evidence for age "A middle Pliocene age (6 . 2 m. yr. ) is ass igned to the earlier stages of volcanic activity. " Doumani , G .A. Volcanoes o f the Execut ive Committee Range , Marie Byrd Land : Polar Record 11(75 ) , p . 787 , 1963 . MOunt Spann quartz ite 1 . First published use Schmidt , D . L . ; Ford , A. B. and adj acent areas : 2 . Definition Geology of the northern Pen11acola Mountains Ant . Jour . u . s . 1 , p . 125 , l�t66 . "The Mount Spann area, 125 kilometers ( 70 miles ) northttas t of the Forres tal Range , cons ists of interbedded , metasediment11ry quartz ite and s iltstone that probably underlies the Cambrian Nelson I.imestone and is probably muCh thicker than the estimated 1 , 000 meters c ; , 3oo feet ) of exposed section. " ( S chmidt & Ford , 125) 3 . Type sect ion Mount Spann, Pens acola Mountains b . Evidence of age Probably upper Precambrian Mount Weaver basal conglomerate 1 . First published use Minshew, V.H. and C . H . Summerson. Sedimentary Section of the - 83 -

Robert S cott Glacier Area , Queen Maud Range , Antarct ica : GSA Spec Pap 76 , p . 312 -313 , 196 3 . 2 . Definition "Overlying the basement nonconformably is a grayish -black cong lomerate , 10 to more than 50 feet thick , composed of granitic boulders up to 4 fee t acros s . " (Minshew and Su11111erson, 312) 3. Type sect ion a . Locat ion Mount Weaver , Rober t Scott G l ac ier are a , Queen Maud Range ( 87 ° s, 1 52 . 5 ° w ) b . ·rn1ckness 10 to 50 feet plus c . Relat ion to other units Overlies MOunt Weaver granite nonconformably Overlain by MOunt Weaver black shale 4 . Remarks Correlates with Pagoda Tillite of Queen Alexandra Range and Buckeye Tillite of Ohio Range , even though it is non-glacial . (Minshew and Summerson , 313 ) MOunt Weaver black shale 1 . Firat published use Minshew , V . H . ; Summerson , C . H . Sedimentary sect ion of the Robert Scott Glacier Area , Queen Maud Range , Antarctica : GSA Spec Pap 76 , p . 312 -313 , 19 63 . 2 . Definition "Dis conformably overlying the conglomerate is an intercalated sequence of dark-grey sands tone and b lack shale about 40 feet thick . The shale is characterized by carbonate concret ions and cone-in-cone s tructures . Numerous animal trails and markings of uncertain origin . " (Minshew and Summerson , 312) 3. Type section a. Locat ion Mount Weaver , Robert S cott Glacier a.rea, Queen Maud Range (87 ° S , 152 . 5 ° W) - 84 -

b . Thickness 40 feet c . Relation to other units Overl ies MOunt Weaver basal conglomerate Overlain by MOunt Weaver platy s andstone Mount Weaver burrowed sands tone 1 . First published use Minshew , V .H . ; Summerson , C . H . Sedimentary section of the Robert Scott Glacier Area , Queen Maud Range , Antarct ica : GSA S�c Pap 76 , P • 312 ·313 , 1963. 2. Definition "Disconformably overlying these platy sands tones is a .iequence , about 300 feet thick , of mas s ive to thin-bedded s ands tone wh i ch .t s d i s c onform­ ab ly overlain by coal measure s with a d i s t inct bas a l quar t:t -pebb le c on­ g lomerate . " Mi nshew and Summerson , 3 13 ) 3 . Type sect ion a . Location MOunt Weaver , Robert Scott Glac ier a rea , Queen Maud Range , { 87 ° s , 1s2 . s • w . ) b . Thicknes s about 300 feet c . Relat ion to other units Overlies MOunt Weaver platy s ands tone . Overlain by MOunt Weaver coal . 4 . Remarks Correlates with Discovery Ridge Format ion in the Ohio Range and with Ma¢Kellar Format ion in the Queen Alexandra Range . Mount Weaver coal 1 . Firs t published use Darrah , W. C . Antarct ic Foss il Plants : Science , 83 , p. 390-39 1 , 1936 . - 85 -

2 . De finition ' 'The coal is dul l , black, hmnic b itmninous mater ial . " (Darrah , 390) ' 'The coa l measures are charac ter ized by rhythmic al ternations of feldspathic sandstone , shale , c laystone and c oal . G lossooter is leaves are c Oillllon in the shale . " M�shew, V . H . and C . H. Summerson . Sed �entary Sec t ion o f the Robert Scot t Glac ier Area, Queen Maud Range , Antarct ic a : GSA Spec . Pap . 76 , p . 313 , 196 3 . 3 . Type sec tion a . Location Mount Weaver , 86 ° 58 1 S , 1 52 °30 1 W b . Lithology Coal with fos s i l flora (Glossopter is) c . Relat ion to o ther units Over l ie s Mount Weaver burrowed sands tone d iaconformab ly Over lain by Mount Weaver t i l l ites d . Evidence for age 4. Remarks Rec ognizable Taen iopter i s , Sasenopter is and Araucar ite s sugges ted a Juras sic age . '� iabase s il ls intrude the coal measures at several leve ls and are regarded as equivalent in age to those from other Antarct ic local i t i e s , probably ear ly to midd le Juras s ic . " Domnani , G . A . and V . H . Minshew . Geology of Ear.th ' s southernmost outcrops : GSA Spec . Pap . 76 , p . 50- Sl , 1963 . Correlates with Mount Glossopteris Formation of the Ohio Range and Buckley coal measures of the Queen Alexandra Range . �inshew and SUIIIIIlerson , 313) Mount Weaver granite 1 . F ir s t publ ished use Domnan i , G. A . , V. H . Minshew . Geo logy of Earth ' s southernmost outcrops : GSA Spec . Pap . 76 , p. 50 , 196 3 . - 86 -

2 . Definit ion "The gran i t ic basement contains abundant xenol i ths of sch i s t and gne iss and numerous pegmati te ve ins . (Douman i and Minshew , 50- 51) 3 . Type sec t ion a . Locat ion Mount Weaver (87 ° s, 153 ° W approx. ) b . Re lation to other units Overlain nonconformably by Mount Weaver basal c onglomerate 4 . Synonyms or c lose ly re lated names See Mount Wilbur granite Mount Weaver platy sand s tone 1 . F ir s t pub l i shed use Minshew , V. H. and C . H. Summerson . Sed UDentary sec tion of Robert Scott G lac ier Are a , Queen Maud Range , Antarc tica : GSA Spec . Pap . 76 , p . 3 1 2• 313 , 1963 . 2 . Definition "The black shale is overlain by wel l- sor ted sands tone and s i l t­ s tone , charac ter ized by c onsp icuous c olorations and thin even strati­ ficat ion . This unit and three as sociated d iabase s i l l s are about 380 fee t th ick. " �inshew and Summerson , 312- 313) 3. Type sec tion a . Location Mount Weaver , Robert Scot t G lac ier Area, Queen Mnud Range (87 ° S , 152 . 5° W) b. Thicknes s 380 fee t , inc lud ing assoc iated d iabase s i l l s c . Re lat ion t o other units Overl ies Mount Weaver black shale Overlain by Mount Weaver burrowed sandstone - 87 -

Mount Weaver t il l i te 1 1 . F irs t publ ished use Doumani , G .A. ; Minshew, V . H . Geology of E arth ' a s outhernmos t outcrops : GSA Spec Pap 76 , p . 50 -51 , 1963 . 2 . De f i n i t ion "Two t i l l ites were found , one as errat ic& and the other in s itu . The former ia s imi lar to the Buckeye Tillite of the Oh io Kange • • • " 3 . Type sect ion a . Locat ion Mount Weaver ( 87 ° S , 153° W approx ) b . Lithology Till ite c. Relat ioR to other units Overlies MOunt Weaver coal Mount Weaver til lite I I 1 . First published use Doumani , G . A . ; Minshew, V . H . Geology of Earth ' s southernmost outcrops : GSA Spec Pap 76 , p . 50 -51 , 1963 . 2 . Definit ion "Two tillites were found , one as erratic& and the other in s itu. The former ( I ) is s imilar to the Buckeye of the Ohio Range ; the latter ( II) ia markedly different and contains diabase boulders probably derived from the s ills , which indicates a glacial episode of poet -diabase , between .Juras s ic and Pleiatocene age . " (Doumani and Minshew, 50) 3 . Type section a. Locat ion MOunt Weaver ( 87 ° S , 153 ° W apprax) - 88 -

b . Relat ion to other units Overlies MOunt Weaver coal c. Evidence for age Contains boulders of Juras s ic diabase MOunt Wilbur granite 1 . Firat published use Minshew , V. J. Potass ium-argon age from a granite at MOunt Wilbur , Queen Maud Range , Antarctica : Science 150 , p . 7�1-743 , 1965 . 2 . Definition "The predominant rock type in the basement is a medium· to coarse­ grained , gray biotite granite that weathers dull reddish -brown . " (Minshew , 742 ) 3 . Type section a. Location Mount Wi lbur , Roiert S cot t Glacier area , Queen Maud Range b . Lithology Medium- to coarse -srained , gray biot ite granite that weathers red-brown. Contains inclus ions , both differentiates and xeno­ liths , 15 em - 70 em long , oriented . Cut by pegmatite and has red granite facies . c . Relation to other units Intrudes Leverett Group and LaGorce MOuntains metagraywacke . d . Evidence for age 1 . K•Ar age from brown biot ite at MOunt Wilbur 470 + 14 m. y . 2 . Rb-Sr ages from mus covite , b iot ite and microcline - from O ' Brien Peak were 460 + 20 , 450 + 20 , 490 + 20 m. y . (Minshew, 742) - - - 4 . Synonyms or closely related namea See MOunt Weaver granite - 89 -