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Supporting Summary of a Joint Workshop |
Jocelyn Widmer, Rapporteur
Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally
Board on Global Health
Board on Children, Youth, and Families
Institute of Medicine
Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by grants from the Accordia Global Health Foundation; Autism Speaks (unnumbered award); the Bernard van Leer Foundation (222-2012-043); The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1084405); the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; the Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development; Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal (unnumbered); Grand Challenges Canada (unnumbered); HighScope Educational Research Foundation (unnumbered); the Inter-American Development Bank (unnumbered); the Jacobs Foundation (2013-1079); Lumos; the National Institutes of Health—Fogarty International Center, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Institute of Mental Health; Nestlé Nutrition Institute (unnumbered); Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation; the Open Society Institute–Budapest Foundation (OR2013-10010); ReadyNation (unnumbered); the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; the Society for Research in Child Development (unnumbered); UNICEF (unnumbered); U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (2013-9204); and the World Bank (unnumbered). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-38940-2
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-38940-2
Digital Object Identifier: 10.17226/21883
Additional copies of this workshop summary are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.
Copyright 2016 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Supporting family and community investments in young children globally: Summary of a joint workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21883.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON SUPPORTING FAMILY AND COMMUNITY INVESTMENTS IN YOUNG CHILDREN GLOBALLY1
J. LAWRENCE ABER, Willner Family Professor of Psychology and Public Policy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, and University Professor, New York University
AMINA ABUBAKAR, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research—Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme
HELENA CHOI, Program Officer, Global Development and Population Program, William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
PAMELA Y. COLLINS, Director, Office for Research on Disparities and Director, Global Mental Health and Office of Rural Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health
GARY DARMSTADT, Associate Dean for Maternal and Child Health and Professor in the Division of Neonatal and Developmental Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
ANGELA DIAZ, Jean C. and James W. Crystal Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and Director, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center
MASRESHA FETENE WORKNEH, Co-founder, Ethiopian Academy of Sciences
JODY HEYMANN, Dean, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles
TINA HYDER, Deputy Director, Early Childhood Program, Open Society Foundations
JOAN LOMBARDI, Senior Advisor, Bernard van Leer Foundation
KOFI MARFO, Professor and Foundation Director, Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University (South-Central Asia, East Africa, UK)
JANNA PATTERSON, Senior Program Officer, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
ALAN PENCE, UNESCO Chair, Early Childhood, Education, Care and Development and Professor, School of Child and Youth Care, University of Victoria
RUTH PEROU, Lead Behavioral Scientist, Office of the Director, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
___________________
1 Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
LORRAINE SHERR, Professor of Clinical and Health Psychology, University College, London
SIMON SOMMER, Head of Research, Jacobs Foundation
TAHA E. TAHA, Professor, Epidemiology and Population, Family and Reproductive Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University
QUENTIN WODON, Advisor, Human Development Network, World Bank
FORUM ON INVESTING IN YOUNG CHILDREN GLOBALLY1
ZULFIQAR A. BHUTTA (Co-Chair), Co-director, SickKids Centre for Global Child Health, Toronto, and Founding Director, Center of Excellence for Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University
ANN MASTEN (Co-Chair), Distinguished McKnight University Professor, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
J. LAWRENCE ABER, Willner Family Professor of Psychology and Public Policy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, and University Professor, New York University
AMINA ABUBAKAR, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research—Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme
LOLA ADEDOKUN, Program Director, Child Well-being and Director, African Health Initiative, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
CONSTANZA ALARCÓN, Colombian National Coordinator of the Intersectoral Commission for Early Childhood, Presidency of the Republic, Colombia
RAQUEL BERNAL, Professor and Director of the Center for Research on Economic Development, Universidad de los Andes
FLORENCIA LOPEZ BOO, Senior Social Protection Economist, Inter-American Development Bank
PIA REBELLO BRITTO, Senior Advisor, Early Childhood Development Unit, UNICEF
HELENA CHOI, Program Officer, Global Development and Population Program, William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
PAMELA Y. COLLINS, Director, Office for Research on Disparities and Director, Global Mental Health and Office of Rural Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health
TRACY COSTIGAN, Senior Program Officer, Research Evaluation Learning Unit, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
GARY DARMSTADT, Associate Dean for Maternal and Child Health and Professor in the Division of Neonatal and Developmental Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
ANGELA DIAZ, Jean C. and James W. Crystal Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and Director, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center
___________________
1 Institute of Medicine forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
RANA HAJJEH, Director, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
JODY HEYMANN, Dean, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles
GILLIAN HUEBNER, Policy and Advocacy Director, Lumos
VENITA KAUL, Director, School of Education Studies and Director, Center for Early Childhood Education and Development, Ambedkar University, Delhi
SARAH KLAUS, Director, Early Childhood Program, London, Open Society Foundation
VESNA KUTLESIC, Director, Office of Global Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
ALBERT LEE, Professor (Clinical), Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, and Director, Centre for Health, Education, and Health Promotion, Chinese University of Hong Kong
JOAN LOMBARDI, Senior Advisor, Bernard van Leer Foundation
STEPHEN LYE, Executive Director, Fraser Mustard Institute of Human Development, University of Toronto
ROBERT MALLETT, President and CEO, Accordia Global Health Foundation
KOFI MARFO, Professor and Foundation Director, Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University (South-Central Asia, East Africa, UK)
MARK MILLER, Director, Division of International and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health
HELIA MOLINA MILMAN, Vice Dean, Research and Development, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University de Santiago de Chile and Former Minister of Health, Chile
ARIEL PABLOS-MÉNDEZ, Assistant Administrator for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development
JANNA PATTERSON, Senior Program Officer, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
ALAN PENCE, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Chair, Early Childhood, Education, Care and Development and Professor, School of Child and Youth Care, University of Victoria
RUTH PEROU, Lead Behavioral Scientist, Office of the Director, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CHERYL POLK, President, HighScope Educational Research Foundation
EDUARDO QUEIROZ, Executive Director, Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal
JOSE SAAVEDRA, Global Chief Medical Officer, Nestlé Nutrition
LORRAINE SHERR, Professor of Clinical and Health Psychology, University College, London
ANDY SHIH, Senior Vice President, Scientific Affairs, Autism Speaks
KARLEE SILVER, President of Targeted Challenges, Grand Challenges Canada
SIMON SOMMER, Head of Research, Jacobs Foundation
TAHA E. TAHA, Professor, Epidemiology and Population, Family and Reproductive Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University
PAMALA TRIVEDI, Society for Research in Child Development/ American Association for the Advancement of Science Policy Fellow, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
SUSAN WALKER, Professor of Nutrition and Director, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Epidemiology Research Unit, University of the West Indies
SARA WATSON, National Director, ReadyNation, Council for a Strong America
AMALIA WAXMAN, Consultant
QUENTIN WODON, Advisor, Human Development Network, World Bank
HIROKAZU YOSHIKAWA, Courtney Sale Ross University Professor of Globalization and Education, New York University
Forum Staff
KIMBER BOGARD, Director, Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally
CHARLEE M. ALEXANDER, Research Associate
CARRIE VERGEL de DIOS, Senior Program Assistant
FAYE HILLMAN, Financial Associate
PATRICK W. KELLEY, Director, Board on Global Health
Consultant
JOCELYN WIDMER, University of Florida
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BOARD ON GLOBAL HEALTH1
THOMAS C. QUINN (Chair), National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
JO IVEY BOUFFORD, New York Academy of Medicine
GARY DARMSTADT, Stanford University School of Medicine
JACOB A. GAYLE, Community Affairs, Medtronic Foundation
GLENDA E. GRAY, South African Medical Research Council
STEPHEN W. HARGARTEN, Global Health Program, Medical College of Wisconsin
CLARION JOHNSON, Private consultant
ALAN I. LESHNER, American Association for the Advancement of Science
MYRON M. LEVINE, Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine
GUY H. PAMLER, School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University
ANNE C. PETERSEN, Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan
DAVID VLAHOV, University of California, San Francisco, Schools of Nursing and Medicine
___________________
1 Institute of Medicine boards do not review or approve individual products. The responsibility for the content of the workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
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BOARD ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES1
ANGELA DIAZ (Chair), Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
SHARI BARKIN, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital, Vanderbilt University
THOMAS F. BOAT, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati
W. THOMAS BOYCE, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia
DAVID A. BRENT, Western Psychiatric Institute and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
DAVID V. B. BRITT, Retired Chief Executive Officer, Sesame Workshop
DEBBIE I. CHANG, Nemours Health and Prevention Services
PATRICK H. DELEON, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
ELENA FUENTES-AFFLICK, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital
EUGENE E. GARCIA, Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Arizona State University
J. DAVID HAWKINS, School of Social Work, University of Washington
JEFFREY W. HUTCHINSON, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
JACQUELINE JONES, Foundation for Child Development
ANN S. MASTEN, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
VELMA McBRIDE MURRY, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University
BRUCE S. McEWEN, The Rockefeller University
MARTIN J. SEPULVEDA, IBM Corporation
TAHA E. TAHA, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
___________________
1 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine boards do not review or approve individual products. The responsibility for the content of the workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
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Reviewers
This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published workshop summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the workshop summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary:
Steve Adler, IBM
Dominique McMahon, Grand Challenges Canada
Ruth Perou, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Samantha Wigand, United World Way
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by Hugh Tilson, University of North Carolina. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this workshop summary rests entirely with the rapporteur and the institution.
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Acknowledgments
The planning committee and project staff deeply appreciate the many valuable contributions from individuals who assisted us with this project. First, we offer our profound thanks to all of the presenters and discussants at the workshop who gave so generously of their time and expertise. These individuals are listed in full in the workshop agenda in Appendix B. We are also grateful to the many participants who attended the workshop. The engagement of all those in attendance was robust and vital to the success of the event.
In addition, the forum wishes to recognize the sponsors that supported this activity. Financial support for this project was provided by Accordia Global Health Foundation; Autism Speaks; the Bernard van Leer Foundation; The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; the Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development; Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal; Grand Challenges Canada; HighScope Educational Research Foundation; the Inter-American Development Bank; the Jacobs Foundation; Lumos; the National Institutes of Health—Fogarty International Center, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Institute of Mental Health; Nestlé Nutrition Institute; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation; the Open Society Institute–Budapest Foundation; ReadyNation; the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; the Society for Research in Child Development; UNICEF; U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and the World Bank.
A NOTE ABOUT THE COVER ART
The Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally is committed to confronting the challenges and harnessing the opportunities surrounding the global nature of integrating the science of health, education, nutrition, and social protection. One of the ways the forum has committed itself to being global in scope is through the workshops that occur in different regions throughout the world. The cover design is intended to embrace the diversity in place, culture, challenges, and opportunities associated with forum activities at each of the workshops, but this global trajectory is done keeping in mind the momentum that comes in connecting these diverse locales to one another through the work of the forum. The bright orange dot represents the location of the workshop this report summarizes, and the lighter orange dots represent workshop locations across the first 3 years of the forum. The dotted orange line suggests that the forum will link what was gleaned from the convening activities from this workshop to the next. We would like to thank Jocelyn Widmer for her contributions to the cover design.
Contents
Organization of the Workshop Summary Report
2 DEFINING FAMILY AND COMMUNITY INVESTMENTS IN CONTEXT
Defining Family and Community Investments
Social and Cultural Factors That Influence How Families and Communities Invest in Young Children
An Example from the Private Sector
An Example of a Social Enterprise
An Example from an Alliance of Cross-Sector Funders: South Africa
Reactions to Examples of Financing Models
4 POLICIES SUPPORTING FAMILY AND COMMUNITY INVESTMENTS
Policies Supporting Family and Community Investments in Ethiopia
Policies Supporting Family and Community Investments Globally
Economic Impacts and Cost of Child Marriage on Young Children
Reactions to Global Policies Supporting Family and Community Investments
Policy Tools for Supporting Family and Community Investments
Ethiopian School Meal Initiative
Economic and Health Improvements for Ethiopia’s Ever-Married Adolescent Girls
Ethiopia’s School Readiness Initiative
Reaction to Program Implementation in the Ethiopian Context
Introduction to Concept of Community Voices
Reactions to Community Voices Through Young Lives Ethiopia Project
Young Influencer Poster Session
Adversity and Resilience in Young Children from Sub-Saharan Africa
Lessons Learned Toward Building Resilience
Transformation into an Ebola Hot Zone
Effective Technology Applications to Infectious Disease Threats
Challenges and Opportunities for an Integrated Response
Framing Policy Guidelines for Children in Acute Disruptions
Breakout Groups Across Different Typologies of Acute Disruptions
