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1 In a Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) context, there are three distinct leadership groups: the FAA, the airport operator, and the flight operators. Each of these groups represents different constituents as they strive for an efficient, timely operation and work to solve issues related to aircraft surface operations at airports. The collaboration of these efforts is discussed at length in this Guidebook. Prior to the establishment of CDM in the early 1990s, these leadership groups worked in what today is described as stovepipes. Exchange of real-time, day-of-operations infor- mation between the groups was limited. In the mid-1990s, as delays in the National Airspace System (NAS) grew, the FAA and flight operators came to realize that internal real-time operational decisions had a great deal of exter- nal impact on one another. As this understanding deepened, they realized that decisions were being made without full and complete information and collaboration. To bridge this gap, the FAA/Industry CDM group was established to collaborate and share real-time operational infor- mation to improve situational awareness and decision making. From this beginning, the FAA and flight operators have expanded, enhanced, and modified the processes of CDM into a body of work that has substantially improved the efficiency and safety of air traffic management. This air traffic management collaboration has now evolved to include airport surface traffic management. This FAA Industry CDM activity has realized that comprehensive industry col- laboration must extend to the aircraft parking gate. Thus, airport operators are also a vital link in the efforts to reduce delay and improve safety and efficiency. Airport CDM is the extension of the CDM philosophy of information sharing to problems touching airports. Table 1 illus- trates a few examples of airport information sharing between stakeholders that could produce an efficient result. In this Guidebook, we expand on these and other matters to illustrate the methods and ben- efits of airports being included in the desired end state of operational collaboration and informa- tion sharing. This will, in turn, enhance the operational decision making of all concerned. All three airport leadership groups, the FAA, the flight operator, and airport operators, have a role in providing the safest and most efficient service to the end-state customerâthe person paying for the services rendered. IntroductionâAirport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) AIRPORTFAA OPERATORS AIRPORTFAA OPERATORS AIRPORTFAA OPERATORS
2 Guidebook for Advancing Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) at Airports Information Shared Collaborative Result Advance prediction of departure readiness from ramp towers and/or flight operators prior to push-back from the parking gate. Instead of reacting to a request for air traffic service at push-back, Air Traffic Control (ATC) can plan proactively the most efficient departure sequence. Accurate estimated time of arrivals on international flights combined with passenger manifest numbers. Timely predictions of demand on Customs and Border Protection (CBP) clearance points to facilitate correct staffing. Real-time FAA flight data changes. More advance notice and better planning for flight diversions due to severe/winter weather, reducing impact of diversions on airport resources. Departure queue length, FAA Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC) traffic management information (restrictions and delays), and real-time flight operator schedules and adjustments. Mitigating FAR 117 (crew duty time) and tarmac rule impact. Reduce environmental impact of emissions and noise with less taxi time. Landing runway and highly accurate estimates of landing time. More efficient ramp movement of traffic with advanced predictions of demand on ramp alleyways and gates with restricted access, leading to better aircraft parking gate utilization. Table 1. Information sharing and collaborative result examples.
