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15 Approximately 200 national and international journal arti- cles, conference presentations, academic research reports, and thesis publications related to the collection, storage, processing, and visualization of geotechnical data are pro- vided in the bibliography of this study report. The bibli- ography was developed from focused searches of British Library Inside Conferences, Civil Engineering Abstracts, Earthquake Engineering Abstracts, EI Compendex, GEO- BASE, GeoRef, National Technical Information Service, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Transport Research International Documentation (TRID), and the web. The searches used key words related to visualization of geo- technical data without restricting the search results to spe- cific reference to geotechnical hazard mitigation or disaster response. The search results were filtered visually to remove any off-topic results. The distribution of the sources of the bibliography entries is shown in Figure 9. Although the sampling procedure for the bibliography was not random, more than 40% of the entries are from dissertations, which is likely a reflection of the level of interest in GDV in academia. The distribution of the major topics of the bibliographic entries is shown in Figure 10. The major topic categories were defined as: ⢠Hazards: Identification, classification, mitigation, or visu- alization of natural phenomena and geotechnical hazards. ⢠Instruments: Use of geotechnical instruments or instru- mentation software for hazard monitoring. ⢠Remote sensing and geophysics: Use of remotely sensed data or remote sensing software for geotechnical hazard or disaster monitoring. ⢠Geographic Information System (GIS): Use or develop- ment of geospatial techniques for geotechnical hazard or disaster monitoring and evaluation. ⢠Risk: Application of risk assessment or risk analysis methods to geotechnical hazard mitigation or disaster response. ⢠Data management: Use or development of data manage- ment methods to organize and visualize geotechnical data. ⢠Modeling: Use or development of numerical or physical models to evaluate geotechnical hazards. ⢠Technology: General discussion of the state and future of GDV techniques and software. Many of the entries could fall in two or more categories. For example, several of the entries categorized as âremote sensingâ also address incorporating the remotely sensed data into a GIS application. The major takeaways from the literature review are: one, the breadth and depth of the technologies and methods being developed and used for visualization of geotechnical data; and two, the pace at which this technology changes. The new developments and applications will improve geotechnical engineering professionalsâ ability to visualize and solve geo- technical hazard mitigation and disaster response issues; but it will also challenge them to keep abreast of and adopt the new technologies. chapter four LITERATURE REVIEW FIGURE 10 Bibliography subject distribution.FIGURE 9 Bibliography source distribution.