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since travelers tend to be paying for guaranteed travel times rather than improved mobility. Funding for operations projects has been tight over the last several years in California, but more is expected to be available in the future. Caltrans may be willing to examine travel time reliability as part of the decision-making processes if appropriate tools are available. Caltrans representatives suggested that the 29 percent to 36 percent range for reliability benefits estimated by the C11 tool, if supported by future research, may represent a useful rule of thumb to apply to other project analyses. 9.3 Impacts on Decision Making The time frame of the L38 pilot test was too short to document impacts of the reliability analysis on project selection and funding. Typically, project programming takes a longer period of time. Over the next two years, SCAG is working with its regional stakeholders to develop its RTP. The L05 guide will be useful in articulating the issue of system reliability, developing a framework for incorporating reliability into planning and programming, and communicating with the public. In addition, the results from the tool testing may be helpful in refining thresholds for its reliability goal, which is a focus area for the RTP update. SCAG and Caltrans representatives agreed that the contributing factor analysis would be a useful addition to future CSMPs. They also understood the importance of including travel time reliability in benefit-cost analysis. Until the SHRP 2 tools are further refined to support scenario analysis, the 29 percent to 36 percent range serves as a simple rule of thumb for incorporating reliability benefits. Ultimately, it is better to measure reliability directly. 196