Thin Asphalt Concrete Overlays (2014)

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46 appendix d example of Ohio’s Flexible pavement System decision Tree (Source: Ohio DOT) Note: The Decision Tree for General System refers to 2-lane routes, while the Priority System refers to 4+ lanes with divided median. For the Priority System, activities 30–38 are thin overlays. For General System activities, 50 and 60 are thin overlays (½ inch scratch layer plus 1.25 inch surface) especially for lower volume routes.

47 LEGEND Activity Codes Severity Levels 20 - Crack Sealing L Low 25 - Chip Seal M Medium 30 - Microsurfacing H High 31 - Double Micro 35 - Ultrathin Bonded AC Extent Levels 38 - Fine-graded Polymer AC O Occasional 40 - CPR F Frequent 45 - Intermediate Course Recycled AC E Extensive 50 - AC Overlay w/o Repairs 52 - AC Inlay 55 - Double Chip Seal 60 - AC Overlay w/Repairs 70 - Crack and Seat 73 - Break and Seat 77 - Rubblize and Roll 80 - Whitetopping 90 - Unbonded Concrete Overlay 95 - Unbonded Composite Overlay 100 - New Flexible Pavement 110 - New Rigid Pavement 120 - New Composite Pavement Ohio General System Decision Tree Office of Pavement Engineering Version E 05-02-12

48 Ohio General System Decision Tree Office of Pavement Engineering Version E 05-02-12 Low Volume Pavements ADT <2500 and ADTT <250 PCR ≥ 80 Bin G100 Do Nothing No Pavement Type PCR <55 Or Str. Ded.≥20 PCR < 65 PCR <55 Or Str. Ded. ≥20 PCR < 65 Distress Check A 1) Raveling= HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= MF, ME, HF, HE or 3) Patching= ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 5) RuŠng=MF, ME, HF, HE or 6) Pumping= F, E or 7) ShaŒered Slab= ME, HF, HE or 9) Trans. Crack (Unjointed)= HF, HE or 10) Joint Refl. Crack= HF, HE or 11) Intermediate Crack= HF, HE or 16) Corner Breaks= HF, HE or 17) Punchouts= HF, HE Bin G101 Acšvity 60 Bin G102 Acšvity 60 Bin G103 Acšvity 25 Distress Check B 1) Raveling= HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= MF, ME, HF, HE or 3) Patching= ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 6) RuŠng=MF, ME, HF, HE or 9) Wheel Track Crack= ME, HF, HE or 10) Block & Transv. Crack= HE or 12) Edge Cracking= ME, HE or 14) Thermal Cracking= ME, HF, HE or 15) Potholes= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE Str. Ded. ≥ 15 Bin G104 Acšvity 60 Bin G105 Acšvity 60 Bin G106 Acšvity 38 or 50 Bin G107 Acšvity 25 No No (4) Composite (3) Flexible No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

49 Ohio General System Decision T7ree Office of Pavement Engineering Version E 05-02-12 Composite Pavements PCR ≥ 80 Bin G110 Do Nothing No PCR <55 Or Str. Ded.≥20 PCR ≥ 65 ADT ≥5000 Or ADTT ≥750 Bin G111 Acvity 60 Bin G119 Acvity 60 Bin G118 Acvity 60 Distress Check C 1) Raveling= MF, ME, HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= HF, HE or 3) Patching= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 5) Ru‹ng= ME, HF, HE or 9) Transverse Crack (Unjointed)= MF, ME, HF, HE or 10) Joint Reflecon Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 11) Intermediate Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 16) Corner Breaks= MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 17) Punchouts= MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Bin G113 Acvity 30, 31, 38, or 50 Bin G114 Acvity 38 or 50 Bin G112 Acvity 60 Distress Check C 1) Raveling= MF, ME, HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= HF, HE or 3) Patching= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 5) Ru‹ng= ME, HF, HE or 9) Transverse Crack (Unjointed)= MF, ME, HF, HE or 10) Joint Reflecon Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 11) Intermediate Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 16) Corner Breaks= MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 17) Punchouts= MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE Bin G117 Acvity 38 or 50 Yes Bin G116 Acvity 30, 31, 38, or 50 PCR ≥ 65 Yes Structural Check A Unjointed Base 9) Transverse Crack= ME, HF, HE Jointed Base 10) Joint Reflecve Crack= ME, HF, HE and 11) Intermediate Crack= LF, MF, HF, LE, ME, HE No Yes Str. Ded. ≥ 15 Yes No Yes Bin G115 Acvity 60

50 Ohio General System Decision Tree Office of Pavement Engineering Version E 05-02-12 Flexible Pavements PCR ≥ 80 Bin G120 Do Nothing No PCR <55 Or Str. Ded.≥20 PCR ≥ 65 ADT ≥5000 Or ADTT ≥750 Bin G121 Acvity 60 Bin G129 Acvity 60 Bin G128 Acvity 60 Distress Check D 1) Raveling= MF, ME, HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= HF, HE or 3) Patching= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 6) Ru‹ng= ME, HF, HE or 9) Wheel Track Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 10) Block & Transverse Crack= ME, HF, HE or 11) Longitudinal Crack= ME, HE or 12) Edge Cracking= LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 14) Thermal Cracking= MF, ME, HF, HE or 15) Potholes= LE, MF, ME, HF, HE No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Bin G123 Acvity 30, 31, 38, or 50 Bin G124 Acvity 38 or 50 Bin G122 Acvity 60 Bin G127 Acvity 38 or 50 Yes Bin G126 Acvity 30, 31, 38, or 50 PCR ≥ 65 Yes Structural Check B 9) Wheel Track Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE and 12) Edge Cracking= MF, ME, HF, HE No Yes Str. Ded. ≥ 15 Yes No Yes Bin G125 Acvity 60 Distress Check D 1) Raveling= MF, ME, HF, HE or 2) Bleeding= HF, HE or 3) Patching= LF, LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 4) Surface Debond= LF, LE, MO, MF, ME, HO, HF, HE or 6) Ru‹ng= ME, HF, HE or 9) Wheel Track Crack= MF, ME, HF, HE or 10) Block & Transverse Crack= ME, HF, HE or 11) Longitudinal Crack= ME, HE or 12) Edge Cracking= LE, MF, ME, HF, HE or 14) Thermal Cracking= MF, ME, HF, HE or 15) Potholes= LE, MF, ME, HF, HE

Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASAO National Association of State Aviation Officials NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NTSB National Transportation Safety Board PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration RITA Research and Innovative Technology Administration SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SAFETEA-LU Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (2005) TCRP Transit Cooperative Research Program TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (1998) TRB Transportation Research Board TSA Transportation Security Administration U.S.DOT United States Department of Transportation