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ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was sponsored by the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA) and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration. It was conducted through the National Cooperative Freight Research Program (NCFRP) and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), which are administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMCSA, FTA, Transit Development Corporation, or AOC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. DISCLAIMER The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the program sponsors. The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.
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i | P a g e Contents Contents ......................................................................................................................................................... i List of Figures and Tables .............................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................ iii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Findings ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Possible Options ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Chapter 1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 5 Profile of Businesses that are Involved in Toll Decision Making ............................................................... 7 Chapter 2 Research Approach .................................................................................................................... 19 Targeting Actors in Trucking Business Transactions ............................................................................... 19 Survey Construct ..................................................................................................................................... 20 Website for Survey .................................................................................................................................. 21 Shipper, Trucking Company, and Driver Interviews ............................................................................... 21 Chapter 3 Findings and Applications .......................................................................................................... 23 Web-Based Survey Analysis .................................................................................................................... 23 Trucking Industry Attitudes about Tolling .............................................................................................. 32 Personal Surveys at Trucking Industry Trade Shows .............................................................................. 39 Shipper/Beneficial Cargo Owner Attitudes ............................................................................................. 48 Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................ 48 Chapter 4 Conclusions and Suggested Research ........................................................................................ 52 Chapter 5 References .................................................................................................................................. 57 Appendix A: Literature Review ..................................................................................................................... 1 Standard Methods of Modeling Truck Toll Traffic .................................................................................... 1 Factors Affecting Truckersâ Willingness to Pay Tolls ................................................................................. 2 Deficiencies of Current Toll Estimation Methods ..................................................................................... 7 Consequences of Inaccurate Toll Estimation ............................................................................................ 8 Literature Review Summary ...................................................................................................................... 8
ii | P a g e Appendix B: Web Based Survey Instrument and Distribution List ................................................................ 1 Survey Distribution List ............................................................................................................................. 7 Appendix C: In-Person Survey Instrument for the Charlotte, NC Truck Show .............................................. 1 Appendix D: Truck Tolling Study Survey, Dallas, TX ...................................................................................... 1 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Position in the Trucking Transaction ............................................................................................ 23 Figure 2: Type of Trucking Operation ......................................................................................................... 24 Figure 3: Hedonistic Price for Turnpike Scenario ........................................................................................ 26 Figure 4: Hedonistic Price for a Bypass Scenario ........................................................................................ 28 Figure 5: Hedonistic Price for the Bridge Scenario ..................................................................................... 30 Figure 6: Distribution of Responses for Certain Tolling Questions ............................................................. 32 Figure 7: Distribution of Responses Regarding Toll Facilities and Government Finance ........................... 33 Figure 8: Affect of Driver Experience on Toll Avoidance ............................................................................ 38 Figure 9: Opinion on Administrative Burden of Tolls .................................................................................. 39 Figure 10: Probability of Avoiding Toll Road, by Type of Firm .................................................................... 41 Figure 11: Toll Road Avoidance, by Responsibility for Routing (Charlotte) ................................................ 43 Figure 12: Toll Road Avoidance, by Type of Firm (Dallas) ........................................................................... 45 Figure 13: Toll Avoidance, by Party Responsible for Routing (Dallas) ........................................................ 46 Figure 14: Price Elasticity of Demand ........................................................................................................... 2 Table 1: U.S. Truck Vehicle Inventory, 2002 ................................................................................................. 8 Table 2: Turnpike Scenario Statistical Analysis ........................................................................................... 27 Table 3: Bypass Scenario Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................. 29 Table 4: Statistical Analysis of Bridge Scenario ........................................................................................... 31 Table 5: Truck Industry Opinions Concerning Toll Roads in the U.S. .......................................................... 35
