Airport Safety Risk Management Panel Activities and Outcomes (2016)

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68 APPENDIX D Quick Reference Guide for Safety Assessments Source: ASM Consultants.

69 Quick Reference Guide for SA Section Description Page 1 SRM – Five Steps 1 2 Brainstorming Rules 1 3 Risk Matrix; Severity and Likelihood Definitions 2 4 Key Definitions 3 5 Guide for SA Participants 3 6 SA Worksheet 4 7 5M Model 4 Q RG C on te nt s Q RG C on te nt Step Method 1 – Describe the System 5M Model 2 – Identify Hazards Brainstorming, Checklists 3 – Analyze Risks Brainstorming, What-if 4 – Assess Risks Risk Matrix 5 – Mitigate Risks Brainstorming, Consensus, Risk Register, Checklists SR M C yc le Br ai ns to rm in g Ru le s • One person talk at a time • Any idea is welcomed for discussions • Quantity counts at this stage, not quality • Build on the ideas put forward by others • Every person and every idea has equal worth • No sidebar conversations • Consensus • Breaks every hour 1

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71 Term Definition Example Accident An unplanned event or series of events that results in death, injury, or damage to, or loss of, equipment or property • Runway incursion accident (e.g. Tennerif airport accident) • Runway excursion accident (e.g. Connair Flight 5191) Current Risk The predicted severity and likelihood at the current time • Medium (3C) – see risk matrix Effect The real or credible harmful outcome that has occurred or can be expected if the hazard occurs in the defined system state • Aircraft collision with fatalities • Hull loss Hazard A condition that could foreseabbly cause or contribute to an accident • Faded marking • Rubber contaminated pavement Residual Risk The remaining predicted severity and likelihood that exist after all selected risk control techniques have been implemented • Low (3D) – see risk matrix Risk The composite of predicted severity and likelihood of the potential effect of a hazard • Runway incursion accident • Runway excursion incident • High, Medium or Low Risk Control A means to reduce or eliminate the effects of hazards • Repaint markings • Runway rubber removal Key Definitions G ui de t o SA Pa rti ci pa nt s • Have a basic understanding of the SRM and SA processes • Read and understand the preliminary information • Follow the brainstorming rules • Think about potential hazards that might negatively impact safety • Write your risk/concern on sticky notes • Postpone judgement during the hazard identification • Avoid over and under participation • Be unbiased, be realistic, and use common sense • Help the group (provide examples, etc) • Meet schedule • Avoid criticism but play devil’s advocate when necessary • Keep electronic communications off • Be patient when discussions are not related to your area 3

SRM Process 5M Model 4 Source: ASM Consultants.

73 11 - Risk Control Plan 10 - Residual Risk 9 - Mitigation 8 - Current Risk 7 - Likelihood 6 - Severity 5 - Potential Effect 4 - Justification 3 - Existing Controls 2 - Hazard 1 - ID # What to Avoid During SRAs • Not adequately understanding the scope of the risk assessment • Failing to use existing organizational skills, knowledge and experience in a team environment • Failing to use the correct risk assessment tools • Automatically assuming reliability/effectiveness of existing risk controls • Implementing risk controls that don’t address the identified priority risks • Failing to ensure implementation and to test effectiveness and consequences of risk controls Source: Jim Knowles Group, Queensland, Australia, 2010 (adapted)

74 Defintion Description Example Hazard A condition that could foreseeably cause or contribute to an accident Faded holdline marking Consequence or Outcome A specific system state and sequence of events supported by data and expert opinion that clearly describes the outcome Runway incursion Risk or Safety Risk The composite of predicted severity and likelihood of the potential effect of a hazard Aircraft collision accident Likelihood The estimated probability or frequency, in quantitative or qualitative terms, of a hazard’s effect or outcome Extremely remote probability of runway incursion with resulting collision with another aircraft Severity the consequence or impact of a hazard’s effect or outcome in terms of degree of loss or harm Aircraft collision with multiple fatalities Ke y D efi ni ti on s