Improving the Resilience of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters, Volume 2: Research Overview (2017)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 58 Bibliography Alberts, Brian, Mazhar Ali Awan, and Kimberly A Gayle. 2014. “Transit and Climate Change Adaptation: Synthesis of FTA-Funded Pilot Projects.” FTA Report No. 0069. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Amdal, James R. and Stanley L Swigart. 2010. “Resilient Transportation Systems in a Post-Disaster Environment: A Case Study of Opportunities Realized and Missed in the Greater New Orleans Region, 2010.” UNOTI Publications. Paper #5. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/unoti_pubs/5. Amekudzi, Adjo, Matthew Crane, David Springstead, David Rose, and Tiffany Batac. 2013. Transit Climate Change Adaptation Assessment/Asset management Pilot for the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority. FTA Report No. 0076. Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. American Public Transportation Association (APTA). 2013. Standards Development Program: Recommended Practice, Creating a Transit Asset Management Program. APTA-SGR-TAM-RP-001-13. APTA. 2013. Standards Development Program: Defining a Transit Asset Management Framework to Achieve a State of Good Repair. APTA SGR-TAM-RP-002-13. APTA. 2013. Standards Development Program: Capital Asset Inventory and Condition Assessment. APTA-SGR-TAM- RP-003-13. Armstrong, Amit, Michael Flood, and Michael Meyer. 2014. “Development of Adaptation Framework for Climate Change Engineering Assessment of Transportation Assets.” Proceedings from ICSI 2014: Creating Infrastructure for a Sustainable World. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers. Association Bay Area Governments. 2014. Cascading Failures: Earthquake Threats to Transportation and Utilities. San Francisco: California Department of Transportation. http://resilience.abag.ca.gov/projects/transportation_utilities_2014/ Bacta, Tiffany (APTA in Literature Reviews). 2013. Adapting to Climate Change through Asset Management Planning. APTA Sustainability and Public Transportation Workshop. http://www.apta.com/mc/sustainability/previous/2013/presentations/Presentations/Rose-Batac-adapting-to-climate- change-asset-management-planning.pdf Barami, Bahar. 2014. “Transportation System Resilience, Extreme Weather and Climate Change: A Thought Leadership Series”. Final report, Office of Strategic Initiatives for Research and Innovation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. TRB’s Procedural Manual Binder, Laura Whitely, Ingrid Tohver, Amy Shatzkin, and Amy K Snover. 2013. Sound Transit Climate Risk Reduction Project. FTA Report No. 0075. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Bolich, Rosemary R. 2013. “Planning for Climate Change Adaptation: How Does the MTA Compare?” Unpublished Master Thesis. New York: Columbia University. Brooks, Jonathan, Roma Stevens, Stuart Matthew Sandidge, Linda Cherrington, Russell Blessing, Alexandra Stiles, and Samuel Brody. 2013. Gulf Coast Climate Change Adaptation Pilot Study. FTA Report No. 0072. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Brown, Richard. 2014. Transport Resilience Review: A review of the resilience of the transport network to extreme weather events. Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Transport. United Kingdom: Williams Lea Group. Burke, Matthew and Neil Sipe. 2013. "Ferries and Catastrophic Floods: experiences and learnings in Brisbane and New York." Paper for submission to the 2014 Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C. Burks-Copes, Kelly A. 2014. “Quantifying Coastal Storm and Sea Level Rise Risks to Naval Station Norfolk.” Vicksburg, MS: US Army Research and Development Center.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 59 Cambridge Systematics. 2010. Climate Change Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of New Jersey’s Transportation Infrastructure. Newark, NJ: North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA). Carnegie, Jon. 2014. New Jersey Climate Adaptation Alliance (NJCAA) Stakeholder Engagement Report: Transportation. Climate Change Preparedness in New Jersey. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University. Central U.S. Earthquake Consortium and MS Technology. 1996. Revised 2000. Earthquake Vulnerability of Transportation Systems in the Central United States. Memphis: Central U.S. Earthquake Consortium. Chandler, Kevin L., and Pamela J. Sutherland. 2013. Response and Recovery for Declared Emergencies and Disasters: A Resource Document for Transit Agencies. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Chicago Transit Authority, and TranSystems. 2013. An Integrated Approach to Climate Adaptation at the Chicago Transit Authority. FTA Report No. 0070. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Choate, Anne, Philip Groth, Cassandra Snow, Thuy Phung, Joe Casola, and Erik Johanson. 2013. A Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of SEPTA’s Regional Rail: A Transit Climate Change Adaptation Assessment Pilot. FTA Report No. 0071. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Committee on Climate Change and U.S. Transportation, Transportation Research Board, Division on Earth and Life Studies. 2008. Transportation Research Board Special Report 290: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation. National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Cox, Andrew, Fynnwin Prager, and Adam Rose. 2011 "Transportation security and the role of resilience: A foundation for operational metrics." Transport policy 18, no. 2: 307-317. Cutter, Susan L., Joseph A. Ahearn, Bernard Amadei, Patrick Crawford, Elizabeth A. Eide, Gerald E. Galloway, Michael F. Goodchild, Howard C. Kunreuther, Meredith Li-Vollmer, Monica Schoch-Spana, Susan C. Scrimshaw, Ellis M. Stanley, Gene Whitney, and Mary Lou Zoback. 2013. Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, Vol. 55, Iss. 2. Washington, D.C. https://doi.org/10.1080/00139157.2013.768076 Dawson, S. 2015. Incorporating Disaster Response Management into Asset Management. Transit State of Good Repair Conference Presentation. March 11, 2015, Washington D.C. Port Authority of NY & NJ. DesRoches, Susanne, and Scott Murrell. 2014. Transportation Infrastructure Resiliency Guidelines for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, T&DI Congress 2014: pp. 649-658. Eichhorst, Urda. 2009. Adapting Urban Transport to Climate Change. Module 5f in Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities. Bonn, Germany: GTZ Transport Policy Advisory Services, on behalf of Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. European Environment Agency. 2014. Adaptation of Transport to Climate Change in Europe: Challenges and Options across Transport Modes and Stakeholders. EEA Report No 8/2014. Excalibur Associates, Inc. Undated. Security and Emergency Management: An Information Briefing for Executives and Senior Leaders of State Departments of Transportation. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Accessed online: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/security/emergencymgmt/profcapacitybldg/docs/hsemexecsrrleaders/hsem_srexecs.cfm. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Disaster Declaration Database. Accessed online. Feb 2, 2017: https://www.fema.gov/disasters. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Resilience Projects in Response to Hurricane Sandy. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.fta.dot.gov/15138_16147.html. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 60 FHWA. Climate Change Resilience Pilots. 2010-2011 Pilot Program Case-study Information. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/ongoing_and_current_research/vulnerability_assess ment_pilots/index.cfm. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. FHWA. 2011. Policy and Guidance: USDOT Policy Statement on Climate Change Adaptation. June 2011. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/policy_and_guidance/usdot.cfm. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Federal Transit Administration (FTA). 2015. Emergency Relief Manual: A Reference Manual for States & Transit Agencies on Response and Recovery from Declared Disasters and FTA’s Emergency Relief Program (49 U.S.C. 5324). FTA_Emergency_Relief_Manual_and_Guide_-_Sept_2015.pdf. Accessed online. Nov 15, 2016. FTA. 2011. Transit Climate Change Adaptation Assessment Pilots: Notice of Request for Applications (RFA). Publication FTA-2011-016-TBP. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. FTA. 2011. “Federal Transit Administration: Policy Statement on Climate Change Adaptation.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Feng, Tian. 2013. San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) Climate Change Adaptation Assessment Pilot. FTA Report No. 0074. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Filosa, Gina, and Alexandra Oster. 2015. International Practices on Climate Adaptation in Transportation: Findings from a Virtual Review. Cambridge, MA: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. Freckleton, Derek, Kevin Heaslip, William Louisell, and John Collura. 2012. Evaluation of Resiliency of Transportation Networks after Disasters. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board No.2284, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., pp 109–116 Gates, K. 2012. “Forecasting Asset Conditions with Decay Curves.” Presented at the 9th National Conference on Transportation Asset Management, San Diego, CA. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Georgetown Climate Center. Adaptation Clearinghouse. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.georgetownclimate.org/adaptation/clearinghouse. Gibbs, Linda, and Caswell Holloway. 2013. "Hurricane Sandy after action: report and recommendations to Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg." Hurricane Sandy after Action: Report and Recommendations to Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, the City of New York, New York, NY 36. http://www.nyc.gov/html/recovery/downloads/pdf/sandy_aar_5.2.13.pdf. Gopalakrishna, Deepak, Jeremy Schroeder, Amy Huff, Amy Thomas, and Amy Leibrand. 2013. Planning for Systems Management & Operations as part of Climate Change Adaptation. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Greenberg, Michael R., Karen Lowrie, Tayfur Altiok, Michael Lahr, Paul Lioy, and Henry Mayer. 2011. “Improving Resilience in Rail Transit Corridors: Developing Models for Estimating the Impacts of System Disruptions.” TR News, No 275, July-August, pp. 29-30. Hodges, Tina. 2011. Flooded Bus Barns and Buckled Rails: Public Transportation and Climate Change Adaptation. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Humphrey, Ronald G., John C. Lewis, Xie Yuanchang, and Susan Sharp. 2012. Transit Asset Inventory Development and Integration: Asset Management Methodology/Condition Assessment Methodology Research. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. ICF International. 2013. Assessment of the Body of Knowledge on Incorporating Climate Change Adaptation Measures into Transportation Projects. Publication FHWA-HEP-14-016. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 61 ICF International. 2013. Assessment of the Body of Knowledge on Incorporating Climate Change Adaptation Measures into Transportation Projects. Publication FHWA-HEP-14-016. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2007: Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC. Accessed online: https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm. Jacob, Klaus, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Radley Horton, David Major, and Vivien Gornitz. 2008. "MTA adaptations to climate change: a categorical imperative." Metropolitan Transportation Authority 37. Jaroszweski, David, Andrew Quinn, Christopher Baker, Elizabeth Hooper, Joachim Kochsiek, and Sim Schultz. 2014. Guidebook for Enhancing Resilience of European Railway Transport in Extreme Weather Events. European Union MOWE-IT Project. Kaufman, D. J. 2012. Crisis Response and Disaster Resilience 2030: Forging Strategic Action in an Age of Uncertainty. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency Kumar, Pravir. 2015. Magic Quadrant for Energy and Utilities Enterprise Asset Management Software. Blog Lascher. Bill. 2014. The Next Generation of Infrastructure: Building for Hotter, Wetter, Stormier Cities. Next City.org. Accessed online: http://nextcity.org/features/view/the-next-generation-of-infrastructure. Liban, Cris B., Matthew Egge, and Carley Markovitz. 2013. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority Climate Change Adaptation Pilot Project Report. FTA Report No. 0073. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LA Metro). 2012. Climate Action and Adaptation Plan. Los Angeles, CA: Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Lyons, William. 2014. The Challenge of Transportation Planning for Resilience. Presented at the “Transportation System Resilience, Extreme Weather and Climate Change” Series. Cambridge, MA: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. McCollom, Brian and Stephen A. Berrang. 2011. TCRP Synthesis of Transit Practice 92: Transit Asset Condition Reporting. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Man, Jenessa, Aarshabh Misra, and Amar Shalaby. 2014. Building Transit Resilience in the City of Toronto: A Case Study Approach to Exploring the Impacts of Severe Disruptions on Public Transit Systems. Presented at Canadian Institute of Traffic Engineers, Waterloo, Ontario. June 1-4, 2014. Marshall, Wesley E., Alejandro Henao, and Rachael Bronson. 2015. Building a Framework for Transportation Resiliency and Evaluating the Resiliency Benefits of Light Rail Transit in Denver, Colorado. No. MPC 15-279. Matherly, D., N. Langdon, B. Wolshon, P. Murray-Tuite, J. Renne, R. Thomas, J. Mobley, and K. Reinhardt. 2014. NCHRP Report 777: A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Meyer, M., M. Flood, J. Keller, J. Lennon, G. McVoy, C. Dorney, K. Leonard, R. Hyman and J. Smith. 2014. NCHRP Report 750: Strategic Issues Facing Transportation, Volume 2: Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and the Highway System: Practitioner’s Guide and Research Report. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. http://nap.edu/22473. Meyer, M., A. Amekudzi, and J. O’Har. 2009. Transportation Asset Management Systems and Climate Change: An Adaptive Systems Management Approach. Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting CD‐ROM. Transportation Research Board. Washington, D.C.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 62 Meyer, Michael D. 2006 (“Undated” in Literature Reviews). Design Standards for U.S. Transportation Infrastructure: The Implications of Climate Change. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr290Meyer.pdf. Meyers, Warren S. 2012. “Rail Transportation, Vulnerability and Resiliency to Impacts of Climate Change and Recommendations for Objective Measurement Methods.” Submitted to APTA for the 2013 Rail Conference. New York: SYSTRA, Inc. Nakanishi, Y. J. and P. M. Auza. NCHRP Synthesis 468: Interactive Training for All-Hazards Emergency Planning, Preparation, and Response for Maintenance and Operations Field Personnel. 2015. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 2015. NASA and Workplace Climate Change. APA Conference, Atlanta, May 2014, and APA-NCAC, June 2014. Ed. Kim Toufectis. https://prezi.com/wyvdz85c8i2e/nasa-and- workplace-climate-adaptation/. NASA. 2014. NASA Program Enhances Climate Resilience at Agency Facilities. Oct. 31, 2014. https://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/october/nasa-program-enhances-climate-resilience-at-agency-facilities. National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP). 2013. Partnering for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience. Washington, D.C.: Department of Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/national-infrastructure-protection-plan. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA NCEI). 2017. U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce. National Research Council. 2012. Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. https://www.nap.edu/catalog/13457/disaster-resilience-a-national-imperative. New Jersey Climate Adaptation Alliance (NJCAA). 2014. Stakeholder Engagement Report: Transportation. Climate Change Preparedness in New Jersey. Ed. Jon Carnegie. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University. New Jersey Transit (NJ Transit). Superstorm Sandy Recovery. Repair, Recovery and Resilience Projects. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.superstormsandyrecovery.com/. NJCAA. 2013. “Resilience. Preparing New Jersey for Climate Change: Policy Considerations from New Jersey Climate Adaptation Alliance.” Ed. Campo, M, M. Kaplan, and J. Herb. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University. New Orleans Regional Transit Authority (RTA). Evacuation Plans webpage. Accessed online. May 15, 2015: http://www.norta.com/Rider-Tools/Safety-and-Security/Evacuation-Plans.aspx. New York State Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York MTA). 2009. Greening Mass Transit and Metro Region: The Final Report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on Sustainability and the MTA. Metropolitan Transit Authority. New York City, NY. http://web.mta.info/sustainability/pdf/SustRptFinal.pdf. New York State MTA. 2007. August 8, 2007 Storm Report. Appendix 3: Benchmarking Study: Discussion of Storm Impacts, Summary of Findings prepared by Region II, University Transportation Research Center. New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority. New York Metropolitan Transportation Council (NYMTC). 2013. Annual Report: “Planning for Resiliency: Adapting the Transportation System to Emerging Vulnerabilities.” New York: Metropolitan Transportation Council. Oswald, M., S. McNeil, D. Ames, R. Gayley. 2012. Identifying Resiliency Performance Measures for Megaregional Planning: A Case Study of the BosWash Transportation Corridor. In TRB 2013 Annual Meeting Archived Content. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. Washington, D.C. http://docs.trb.org/prp/13-1198.pdf Parsons Brinckerhoff. 2012. Asset Management Guide. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 63 Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. 2011. Sustainable Infrastructure Guidelines. New York: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Radow, Laurel J., and Louise Neudorff. 2011. Transportation Adaptation’s Bearing on Planning, Systems Management, Operations and Emergency Response. Transportation Research Circular: Adapting Transportation to the Impacts of Climate Change, Number E-C152, pp. 2-9. Renne, John. 2011. Evacuation Planning for Vulnerable Populations: Lessons from the New Orleans City Assisted Evacuation Plan. Chapter 8 in Resilience and Opportunity: Lessons from the U.S. Gulf Coast after Katrina and Rita, pp. 120-130. Ed. Amy Liu, Roland Anglin, Richard Mizelle and Allison Plyer. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. Robert, William, Virginia Reeder, Katherine Lawrence, Harry Cohen, and Katherine O'Neil. 2014. TCRP Report 172: Guidance for Developing a Transit Asset Management Plan. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. Roberts, H. Retting, R., Webb, T., Colleary, A., Turner, B., Wang, X., Toussaint, R., Simpson, G., and C. White. 2015. TCRP Report 174: Improving Safety Culture in Public Transportation. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Rodin, Judith. 2014. The resilience dividend: being strong in a world where things go wrong. New York: Public Affairs. Rose, David, Lauren Isaac, Keyur Shah, and Tagan Blake. 2012. Asset Management Guide: Focusing on the Management of Our Transit Investments. FTA Report No. 0027. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Rossetti, Michael. 2007. “Analysis of Weather Events on US Railroads.” Cambridge, MA: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. Schwab, James, Kenneth C. Topping, Charles C. Eadie, Robert E. Deyle, and Richard A. Smith. 1998. Planning for post- disaster recovery and reconstruction. Chicago: American Planning Association. Schwartz Jr, Henry G. 2011. "Adapting to climate change: Another challenge for the transportation community." Transportation Research E-Circular E-C152. Science Applications International Corporation and PB Consult. 2009. NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 15: Costing Asset Protection: An All Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA). Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/160337.aspx. Snow, C., Rodehorst, B., Miller, R., Hyman, R., Kafalenos, R., Beucler, B., and Choate, A. 2015. Addressing Transportation Agency Challenges in Improving Climate Resilience: Two Tools from FHWA, TRB 94th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers (Paper No. 15‐1119). Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. Spy Pond Partners, KKO & Associates, Harry S. Cohen, and Joseph Barr. 2012 TCRP Report 157: State of Good Repair: Prioritizing the Rehabilitation and Replacement of Existing Capital Assets and Evaluating the Implications for Transit. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. Stamos, Iraklis, Evangelos Mitsakis, and Josep Maria Salanova Grau. 2015. Roadmaps for Adaptation Measures of Transportation to Climate Change. TRB 94th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers (Paper No. 15-3752), Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. Sun, Carlos, and Douglas Williams. NCHRP Legal Research Digest 64: Legal Aspect of Environmental Permitting in the Emergency Response Environment. 2015. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. Sutley, N. 2010. Memorandum Re: Draft NEPA Guidance on Consideration of the Effects of Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Council on Environmental Quality.

TCRP A-41: Final Research Report 64 U.S. Government Accountability Office. 2013. Transit Asset Management: Additional Research on Capital Investment Effects Could Help Transit Agencies Optimize Funding. GAO-13-571. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GAO. U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT). 2014. U.S. Department of Transportation Climate Adaptation Plan 2014: Ensuring Transportation Infrastructure and System Resilience. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation. U.S. DOT. 2011. “Policy Statement on Climate Change Adaptation.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation. U.S DOT. 2011. “Using Asset Management to Adapt to Weather Extremes: Lessons Learned from Transport for London.” Webinar. TRB’s Procedural Manual. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation Victoria Transport Policy Institute (VTPI). 2014. Evaluating Transportation Resilience: Evaluating the Transportation System’s Ability to Accommodate Diverse, Variable and Unexpected Demands with Minimal Risk. Victoria, BC: Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Updated April, 2014. Weick, Karl E. and Kathleen M. Sutcliffe. 2007. Managing the Unexpected: Resilient Performance in an Age of Uncertainty. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Wise, David J. 2014. Public Transit: Federal and Transit Agencies Taking Steps to Build Transit Systems’ Resilience but Face Challenges. GAO-15-159. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Accountability Office. Zeppie, Christopher. Undated. Adapting to Climate Change: Practical Strategies at the Port Authority. Undated PowerPoint presentation. https://www.panynj.gov/about/pdf/NYSA-Adaptation-Presentation.pdf.