Animals for Research: Eighth Edition - Revised (1971)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

PROTOZOA Species MASTIGOPHOAA Chilomonas sp. Chlamydomonas sp. Eudorina sp. Euglena gracilis Euglena sp. Pandorina sp. Peranema sp. Volvox sp. SAACODINA Amoeba proteus Arcelia sp. Chaos chaos Endamoeba terrapinae Pelomyxa carolinensis CILIATA Blepharisma sp. Carchesium sp. Colpidium sp. Didinium sp. Euplotes sp. Paramecium aurelia Paramecium bursaria Paramecium caudatum Paramecium multimicronucleatum Spirostomum ambiguum Spirostomum sp. Stentor coeruleus Stentor sp. Vorticella sp. Zoothamnium sp. MESOZOA Dicyema abelis PORIFERA Chrondrilla nacula Cbrondrosea Clatbria fascicularis Clinona celata Desmachidion palmata Dysidea amblia Grantia sp. Halicbondrla Higginsia strigilata Homaxinell waltonsmithi Common Name Amoeba, common Sponge,chickenliver Sponge, boring Sponge,bay Sponge,gray Sponge,calcareous Sponge, crum of bread Code NBL GEL, LEM, NBL GEL GEL, LEM, NBL CON, STE GEL,NBL NBL GEL, LEM, NBL CON,GEL,LEM, NBL, STE GEL GEL,NBL GEL GEL GEL,NBL NBL GEL,NBL GEL, NBL NBL GEL, NBL, STE GEL, NBL, STE GEL, LEM, NBL, STE GEL, NBL GEL NBL GEL LEM, NBL, STE GEL,NBL NBL PBM GUL GUL GUL PBM HML,MAZ PBM STE GUL GUL GUL 35

PORIFERA-Continued Species Hymeniacidon sinapium Leucosolenia sp. Lissodendoryx isodictyalis Lissodendoryx sp. Microciona prolifera Microciona sp. Rbabdodermella nutting! Spongilla sp. Sycon sp. Tethya crypta COELENTERATA Aequorea forskalea Anthopleura xanthogrammica Astrangia danae Astrangia lajollaensis Aurelia aurita Aurelia sp. Chlorohydra viridissima Clavularia sp. Corynactis californica Eudendrium rameum Gonionemus sp. Hydra fusca Hydra littoralis Hydra oligactis Hydra v iridis Hydractinia sp. Lophogorgia hebes Metridium marginatum Metridium senile Muricea californica Nemopsis sacheic Obelia sp. Pachycerianthus torreyi Pelmatohydra oligactis Physalia sp. Renilla mulleri Tubularia crocea Tubularia sp. Zoantbaria sp. CTENOPHORA Beroe cucumis Pleurobrachia sp. PLATYHELMINTHES Dipylidium caninum Dugesia dorotecephala 36 Common Name Sponge, orange encrusting Sponge,calcareous Sponge, red Sponge, bright red encrusting Sponge, leucon type Sponge, fresh water Sponge, Sycon Nettle, sea Anemone, solitary Coral, Atlantic Coast stony Coral, aggregated stony cup Jellyfish, moon Jellyfish Hydra, green Coral, Alcyconarian Hydroid, athecate Hydroid, medusa Hydra, swift water Hydra Hydra Hydroid (on shell hermit crabs) Sea fan Sea anemone Sea fan Hydroid Hydroid, colonial Anemone, burrowing Hydra, brown Portuguese man-o-war Sea pansy Jelly, comb Ctenophore, common Tapeworm, dog Planaria, black Code PBM PBM, STE GUL GUL HML,MAZ PBM PBM NBL, STE PBM GUL HML,MAZ PBM STE PBM HML, MAZ STE GEL,HAC,NBL PBM PBM PBM STE STE STE GEL, LEM, NBL GEL STE GUL CON, STE PBM PBM HML,MAZ CON, STE PBM HAC,STE STE PBM PBM NBL GUL LEM, MAZ, PBM STE STE GEL, LEM, NBL STE

PLATYHELMINTHES-Continued Species Dugesia tigrina Dugesia sp. Fasc iola hepatica Leptoplana sp. Moniezia expansa Pneumoneces Taenia pislformis NEMERTINEA Cerebratulus sp. ENTOPROCTA Barentsia discreta ASCHELMINTHES AOTIFERA Rotifera sp. GASTAOTRICHA Lepidodermella sp. NEMATODA Ascaris lumbricoides Ascaris sp. Trichinella spiralis Turbatrix aceti BRYOZOA Bugula neritina Celleporaria magnifica Crisia sp. Diaperoecia sp. Membranipora Pectinatella sp. Plumatella gracilis Plumatella sp. Thalamoporella sp. Victorella sp. Zoobotryon sp. Common Name Planaria, brown, northern variety Planaria Fluke, liver Flatworm Tapeworm, sheep Frog lung fluke Tapeworm, serrated dog Not designated: Planaria, white Worm, ribbon Roundwc,rm, common Roundworm Worm, trichina Eel, vinegar Brya&oa Bryozoa 'Bryozoa Bryozoa, fresh water Code LEM, NBL, STE STE STE PBM STE STE STE NBL PBM PBM CON,GEL,LEM, NBL, STE CON,NBL STE STE STE LEM, NBL, STE PBM GUL PBM PBM PBM STE HAC CON, NBL, STE PBM PBM PBM 37

PHORONIDEA Species Phoronis vancouverensis BRACHIOPODA La.queue callfornicus ECHINODERMATA Arbaoia punctulata Asterias forbesi Asterias sp. Astropecten brazlliensis Clypeaster subdepressus Cucumaria frondosa Cucumaris sp. Dendraster excentricus Echinarachnius parma Encope michelini Florometra perplexa Leptosynapta albicans Lytchinus pictus Lytechinus sp. Mellita testudlnata Ophioderma sp. Opbioplocus esmarki Ophiothrix annulata Parastichopus parvimensis Patiria miniata Pisaster sp. Plagiobrissus grandis Pycnopodia helianthoides Strongylocentrotus drobaohiensis Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Strongylocentrotus sp. Thyone sp. MOLLUSCA AMPHINEUAA Chaetopleura apiculata Cryptochiton stelleri Mopalis muscosa GASTROPODA Ampullaria cuprina Aplysia callfornica Ariolimax columbianus Bittium alternatum Busycon canelieulatum Busycon carica 38 Common Name Sea urchin, common Starfish, common Starfish Sand star Sea biscuit Sea cucumber Sea cucumber Sand dollar Sand dollar Urchin, purple key hole Comatulid, ten armed Cucumber, synaptid burrowing Urchin, Panamanian Sea urchin Urchin, keyhole Starfish, brittle Star, brittle Cucumber, tubular Star, bat Starfish Starfish, 21 rayed Sea urchin, green Sea urchin, purple Sea urchin Sea cucumber, large Chiton, sea cradle Chiton, gumboot Chi ton, hairy Snail, mystery Hare, sea Slug, banana Hornshell, alternate Whelk, channeled Whelk, knobbed Code PBM PBM CON, HML, &'TE CON, HML, MAZ, STE HML, STE PBM GUL . HML, STE PBM PBM HML, MAZ, STE GUL PBM PBM PBM MAZ HML,MAZ PBM, STE PBM GUL PBM PBM PBM GUL PBM STE PBM STE MAZ STE PBM PBM GEL PBM HER HML,MAZ HML,MAZ HML,MAZ

GASTROPODA-Continued Species Common Name Code Campeloma sp. Snail, common CON, MAZ, STE Crepidula fornicata Limpet, slipper CON Crepidula sp. Limpet STE Goniobasls sp. Snail, fresh water STE Helix sp. Snail, large land STE Limax sp. Slug, garden MAZ, STE Littorina irrorata Periwinkle, marsh CON,HML Littorina Utorea Periwinkle STE Littorina sp. Periwinkle, common MAZ Megatbura crennulata Limpet, giant keyhole PBM Melongena corona Conch, crown GUL Murex fulvescens Murex, giant eastern GUL Oliva sayana Shell, olive GUL Pbysa sp. Snail, pond GEL, HAC, LEM, NBL, STE Planorbls sp. Snail, ram shorn GEL, HAC, LEM, STE Plearocera sp. Snail, sharp spiral LEM Polygyra sp. Snail, large garden LEM Staginola sp. Snail, sharp spiral LEM Strombus alatus Conch, Florida fighting GUL Tegula funebralis Snail, turban PBM Urosalpinx clnera Drill, oyster HML,MAZ Vivipa.rus malleatus Snail, live bearing GEL PELECVPODA Aequipecten irradians Scallop, common bay HML Aequipecten nodosus Scallop, orange GUL Anodonta sp. Clam, fresh water HAC, MAZ, STE Arca umbonata Clam, blood HML Artica islandlca Clam, ocean quahog HML Barnea truncata Clam, angel wing HML Brancbiodontes exustus Mussel, oyster GUL Cbione cancellata Clam, sculptured venue HML Crassostrea virginica Oyster, eastern HML, MAZ, TRS Ensis directus Clam, Atlantic razor HML,MAZ Macrocallista maculata Clam, deep sea sun ray GUL Mercenarla campechiensls Quahog, southern GUL Mercenaria mercenaria Quahog, cherrystone HML, PBM Mya arenaria Clam, long-neck, mud HML, MAZ, &'TE Mytilus californianus Muase·1, California PBM Mytilus edulis Mussel, edible CON,HML,PBM, STE Mytilus recurvus Mussel, sea STE Ostrea virginiana Oyster, common edible HML, MAZ, STE Pecten irradians Scallop, common STE Petricola pholadiformis Clam, false angelwing HML Spisula solidlssima Clam, Atlantic surf GUL,HML Tagelus dlvisus Clam, razor HML Unio sp. Mussel, fresh water CON, LEM, NBL, STE Venus mercenaria Quahog, northern CON, HML, STE Venus sp. Quahog, venue clam STE Volsella demissa Mussel, Atlantic ribbed HML 39

CEPHALOPODA Species Cioxa intestinalis Loligo opalescens Loligo pea.lei Octopus bimaculatus Octopus bimaculoides Octopus sp. ANNELIDA POLYCHAETA Aelosoma sp. Anaitides madeirensis Chaetopterus pergamentceus Chaetopterus variopedatus Glycera sp. Nereis virens Phragmatopoma californica OLIGOCHAETA Aeolosoma sp. Eisenia sp. Enchytraeus sp. Lumbricus terrestris Lumbricus terrestris Lumbricus sp. Tubifex sp. HIAUDINEA Haemopis grandis Haemopis naramoratis Haemopis sp. Hirudo medicinalis Macrobdella decora Macrobdella sp. Placobdella sp. SIPUNCULOIDEA Dendrostomum pyroides ECHIUROIDEA Urechis caupo 40 Common Name Sea grape Squid, Pacific Squid, common Octopus, Pacific Octopus Annelid, salt water Nereid like polychaete Worm, parchment Worm, parchment Bloodworm Clamworm Worm, honey-comb tube Earthworm, large adult Earthworm, common Earthworm Earthworm, giant Leech Horseleech Leech, giant Leech, medicinal Leech Leech, giant Leech, turtle Worm, peanut Innkeeper Code HML,MAZ PBM HML, MAZ, STE PBM PBM MAZ, STE GEL,NBL PBM HML,MAZ PBM MAZ, PBM CON, HML, MAZ, PBM, STE PBM CON CON CON, GEL, LEM, NBL LEM, NBL CON, GEL, MAZ, STE HER, STE GEL, STE MAZ,NBL MAZ LEM STE NBL LEM LEM PBM PBM

ARTHROPODA Species Common Name Code MEROSTOMATA Limulus polyphemus Crab, king or horseshoe HML, MAZ, STE ARACHNIDA Aphonopelma sp. Tarantula, desert MAZ, PET, STE Argiope sp. Spider, garden STE Centruroides sp. Scorpion, Florida MAZ, PET Dermocentor varabilis Tick, wood or dog MAZ Gramostola mallicoma Tarantula MAZ, STE, TAR Hadrurus arizonensis Scorpion, giant hairy PET, STE Latrodectus mactans Spider, black widow STE Tarantula sp. Scorpion CON, MAZ, STE CRUSTACEA Alpbeus californiensis Shrimp, pistol PBM Artemia salina Shrimp, brine CON, GEL, LEM, NBL, STE Balanus aquila Barnacle, giant PBM Balanus balancipes Barnacle, rock HML Balanus nubilis Barnacle, giant PBM Balanus tintinnabulum Barnacle, giant PBM Balanussp. Barnacle MAZ, STE Balanus sp. Barnacle, small white CON Callinectes danae Crab, commercial blue HML Callinectes sapidus Crab, edible blue pincer GUL, HML, MAZ, TRS Cambarus sp. Crayfish GEL, LEM, MAZ, NBL, STE Cancer antennarius Crab, cancer PBM Cancer antbonyi Crab PBM Cancer boralis Crab, Jonah HML Cancer irroratus Crab, rock CON Caprella sp. Preying mantis (marine) PBM Carcinides sp. Crab, common edible green CON Cladocera arbuscula GUL Cladocera sp. Daphnia GEL,MAZ Clibanarius vittatus Crab, large hermit GUL Coenobita clypeatus Crab, tree (land) hermit STE Copepoda sp. CON Crago septemplnosus Shrimp, grass HML Crago sp. Shrimp, edible MAZ Cyclops sp. STE Daphnia magna Flea, water STE Daphnia pulex Flea, water STE Dapbnia sp. Flea, water CON,GEL,LEM, NBL, STE Dualipes ocellatus Crab, lady HML Eubranchlpus vernalis Shrimp, fairy CON, STE Eurypanopeus depressus Crab, mud GUL Gammarus locusta Flea, sand HML Gammarus tigrinus Sand hopper CON, STE Gamma.rue sp. GEL, LEM Hippolysmata californica Shrimp, cleaner PBM Hippolyte zostericola Shrimp, grass HML Homarus americanus Lobster, northern HML, MAZ, PBM, STE 41

CRUSTACEA-Continued Species Common Name Code Lepas anatifera Barnacle, goose MAZ Libinia emarginata Crab, spider HML Ligia occidentalis PBM Mitella polymerus Barnacle, goose neck PBM Mysidaoea Mysid PBM Neopa.nopeios texano sayi Crab, southern mud HML Oniscus asellus CON Orchestia traskina Flea or hopper, sand PBM Orchestoidea californica Flea or hopper, sand PBM Ostracoda sp. Arthropods, bivalved PBM Ovalipes quadulpensis Crab, squeaking GUL Pacygrapsus crassipes Crab, shore PBM Pagurus pollicaris Crab, hermit GUL,HML Pagurus sp. Crab, hermit CHC, CON, MAZ, PBM, STE Palaemonetes pugio Shrimp, grass GUL Persepho~ mediterranea Crab, purse GUL Pilumnus sayi Crab, hairy GUL Scyllarides nodifer Lobster, large slipper GUL Scyllariua americanus Lobster, slipper GUL Tigriopus callfornicus Copepod PBM Ucapugnax Crab, fiddler GEL, HML, MAZ INSECTA Aedes aegypti Mosquito, 7 5 strains WHO Aedes sp. Mosquito, 12 strains WHO Aeshna sp. Fly, dragon MAZ Ana.ea tristis Bug, squash STE Ana.ea sp. Bug, squash MAZ Anopheles atroparuus Mosquito WHO An\lpheles quadrimaculatus Mosquito WHO Anopheles stephensi Mosquito WHO Apis melllfera Bee, honey STE Armigeres subalbatus Mosquito WHO Benacus griseus Bug, giant water or electric light MAZ Blatt&. sp. Cockroach, large brown zoo Blatta orientalis Cockroach, oriental STE B,attella germanica Cockroach, European MAZ Bombus sp. Bee, bumble MAZ Calasoma scrutator Beetle, ground STE Camponotus herculeanus Ant, large black STE Camponotus sp. Ant, carpenter STE Cicindela sp. Beetle, tiger STE Cimex lectularus Bedbug STE Culex plpiens Mosquito WHO Culex sp. Mosquito MAZ, STE Diapheromera femorata Stick, walking STE Drosophila melanogaster Fly, fruit CON, GEL, MAZ, NBL, STE Dynastus bercules Beetle, giant Hercules TAR Eleodes obscura Beetle, stink PET Gryllus assimllis Cricket, field STE Gryllus sp. Cricket LEM, MAZ, NBL, STE Isoptera sp. Termite, "white ant" LEM Lethocerus sp. Bug,. electric light MAX, STE, ZOO 42

INSECT A-Continued Species Common Name Code Magicicada septendecim Locust, seventeen-year STE Mega.soma gyas Beetle, elephant TAR Melanoplus sp. Grasshopper MAZ, STE Musca domestic& Housefiy MAZ, STE Periplaneta americana Cochroach, American CON, STE Phyllophaga sp. Beetle, June STE Pieris rapae Butterfiy, cabbage MAZ, STE Popillia japonica Bettle, Japanese MAZ Romelea microptera Grasshopper, lubber STE Stagomonantis carolina Mantis, praying MAZ, STE Taha.nus atratus Horsefly STE Tenebrio molitor Mealworm CON,GEL,LEM, MAZ, NBL, STE, TAR Vespa sp. Hornet, yellow jacket MAZ OTHER ARTHROPODA Julus vlrgatus Millipede MAZ, STE Scolopendra heros Centipede, giant desert PET, STE Scolopendra sp. Centipede MAZ, STE Spirobolus sp. Millipede MAZ, STE CHORDATA Tunicata Am.arouclum constellatum Sea pork STE Ciona intestinalis Tunlcate, columnar PBM Clavelina gigaDtea Squirt, clear sea GUL Molgula rnarbattensis Squirt, sea COL, HML, STE Cephalochordata Brachlostoma sp. Amphlo:xus STE CYCLOSTOMATA Entosphenus tridentatus Lamprey, Pacific marine STE Eptatretus stoutii Hagfish PBM Petromyzon marlnus Lamprey, Atlantic sea MAZ, STE Not designated: Lamprey, brook STE Lamprey, lake STE Ray, fresh water ERT CONDRICHTHYES Carcharhlnus acronotus Shark, sand GUL,HML Carcbarhlnus sp. Shark GUL Carcbarias taunts Shark, sand GUL Cepbaloscyllium sp. Shark MAZ Ginglymostoma clrratum Shark, nurse GUL Gymnura mlcrura Ray, smooth butterfly GUL Heterodontus francisci Shark, horn PBM Heterodontus sp. Shark MAZ 43

CONDA ICHTHY ES-Continued Species Common Name Code Mustelus norrisi Shark, dogfish GUL Myliobatus freminvellei Ray, eagle HML Narcine brasiliensis Ray, electric GUL Pristis pectinatus Sawfish GUL pteroplatea micrura Ray,butterfly HML Raja eglanteria Skate, clear-nosed GUL, HML Raja texana Skate, Texas GUL Raja sp. Skate HML,MAZ Rhinoptera bonasus Ray, cow-nosed GUL, HML Sphyrna lewini Shark, scalloped hammerhead GUL Sphyrna tiburo Shark, bonnethead GUL Squalus acanthias Dogfish, spiny HML, STE Squalus sp. Dogfish HML, MAZ, STE Torpedo californica Ray, electric PBM OSTEICHTHYES Acipenser oxyrhychus Sturgeon, common HML Alosa aestivalis Herring, blueback MAZ Alosa pseudoharengus Alewife HML Alosa sapidissima Shad, American HML Alutera schoefifi Filefish, orange HML Ameiurus melas Catfish MAZ, STE Amia sp. Bowfin STE Anguilla bostonensis Eel, fresh water MAZ Anguilla rostrata Eel, black American GUL, HML Anguilla silusiae Eel, fresh water NBL Anguilla sp. Eel, common HML, STE Apeltes quadranes Stickleback, four-spined HML Archosargus probatocephalus Sheephead GUL Arius fells Catfish, sea GUL Astroscopus guttatus Stargazer HML Astroscopus y-graecum Stargazer, electric GUL Bagre marina Catfish, gaff-sail GUL Bairdella chrysura Perch, silver HML Brevoortia tyrannus Menhaden, Atlantic HML Carassius auratus Goldfish HAC, LEM, MAZ, STE Centropristes striatus Bass, black sea GUL, HML Centropristes striatus melans Bass, rock HML Chaetodipterus faber Spadefish GUL Chasmodes bosquinianus Blenny, striped HML Chasmodes saburrae Blenny, Florida GUL Chilomycterus schoepfi Burrfish GUL,HML Clinocottus analis Sculpin, wooly PBM Corydoras aeneus Catfish, green HAC Cynoscion arenarius Trout, sand GUL Cynoscion nebulosa Squeteague, spotted GUL,HML Cynoscion regalia Weakfish HML Cyprinodon variegatus Killifish, broad GUL,HML Cyprinus sp. Carp MAZ, STE Dasyatis centrura Stingray, northern HML Diplectrum formosum Squirrelfish GUL Dorosoma cepedianum Shad, gizzard HML Echeneis naucrates Remora GUL Eigenmannia virescens Knife fish, transparent PRA Electrophorus electricus Eel, electric MAZ, PRA, TAR Eucalia inconstans Stickleback, brook, five-spined LEM 44

OSTEICHTHYES-Continued Species Common Name Code Fundulus diaphanus Killlfish, banded HML Fundulus grandus Killifish, Gulf GUL Fundulus heteroclitus Killlfish, common HML Fundulus luciae Killifish, Lucy's HML Fundulus majalis Killifish, striped HML Fundulus slmilis Killifish, longnose GUL Gadue callarios Cod HML Gambusia affinis Topminnow, albino ERT **Gambusia sp. Fish, mosquito STE **Gasterosteus aculeatus Stickleback, three-spined LEM Girella nigricans Perch, opaleye PBM Gnathonemus petersi Elepbantnose, long trunk PRA Gobiesox strumosus Clingfish GUL,HML Gobiosoma bosci Goby, naked HML Gymnothorax saxicola Eel, oscellated moray GUL Gymnotus carapo Knife fish, tiger PRA Gymnotus electricus Eel, electric ERT,SAI Hippocampus hundsonius Sea Horse, northern GUL Hippocampus sp. Sea Horse CHC, HML, MAZ, STE Hypopomus artedi Knife fish, brown PRA Hyporhamphus unifasciatus Halfback HML Hypsoblennius gilbertii Blenny, tidepool PBM Hypsoblennius hentz Blenny, Carolina HML lctalurus nebulosus Bullhead, brown MAZ Lagodon rhomboidea Pinfish GUL Lebistes reticulatus Guppy ERT Leiostomus xanthurus Spot GUL,HML Lepidos iren sp. Lung fish ERT Lepisosteus ossius Gar, longnose GUL Lepisosteus sp. Garpike STE, ZOO Lepomis gibbosus Sunfish MAZ Lophius piscatorius Angler HML Lophopsetta maculata Sundial HML Lysisosteus ossesius Garfish MAZ Malapterurus electricus Catfish, electric PRA Menidia beryllina Silversides, tidewater HML Menidia menidia Silversides, Atlantic HML Menticirrhus americanus Whiting GUL,HML Merluccius silinearis Hake, silver HML Micropogon undulatus Croaker, Atlantic GUL,HML Micropterus salmoides Bass, largemouth black MAZ Mollienesia formosa Molly, amazon ERT Mollienesia latipinna Molly, sailfln ERT,GUL Monocanthus hispidus Filefish GUL Mormyrops sp. Elepbantnose, short trunk PRA Mugil cephalus Mullet, striped GUL,HML Mugil eurema Mullet, white HML Mycteroperca microlepis Gag GUL Myrophis punctatus Eel, ,spotted worm GUL Ogocephalus cublfrons Batfish, short-nosed GUL Ophichthys gomesei Eel, snake GUL Opisthonema oglinum Herring, thread HML Opsanus beta Toadfish, gulf GUL Opsanus tau Toadfish, oyster HML Orthopristis chrysopterus Fish, pig GUL,HML Osmerus mordax Smelt MAZ Otophidium welshi Eel, cusk GUL **See Explanation, p. 34. 45

OSTEICHTHYES-Continued Species Common Name Code Parallchthys dentatis Fluke, northern HML Paralichthys lethostigma Flounder, southern GUL Peprilus paru Fish, harvest HML Perea fiavescens Perch, fresh water MAZ, STE Phycis regius Ling, spotted HML Pimephales promelas Minnow, fathead LEM Pogonias cromis Drum, black HML Pomatomas saltrix Fish, blue HML Pomolubus aestivalis Herring, glut HML Pomoxis annularis Crappie, white MAZ Porichthys porossissimus Midshipman, Atlantic GUL Porontus triacanthus Butterfish HML Porosoma cepedianum Shad, gizzard HML Prionotus scitulus Sea robin GUL, HML, MAZ Prionotus tribulus Sea robin, yellow-winged GUL Pseudopleuronectis americanus Flounder, winter HML Pungitius pungitius Stickleback, nine-spined HML Rachycentron canadus Cobia HML Rissola marginata Slippery dick northern HML Roccus americanus Perch, white HML,MAZ Roccus saxatilis Bass, striped HML Salmo gairdnerii Trout, rainbow MAZ Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus Sturgeon, shovelnose STE Scomberomorus maculatus Mackerel, Spanish HML Selene vomer Lookdown HML Seriola zonata Fish, rudder (branded) HML Spaeroides maculatus Puffer HML Spaeroides nephelus Puffer, southern GUL Squatina squatina Monkfish HML Stenostomus aculeatus Porgy, southern HML,MAZ Stenostomus chrysops Scup HML Stephanolepis hispidus Filefish HML Sternachus alblfrons Ghostfish, black PRA Strongylura marinus Needlefish or billfish, Atlantic HML Symphurus plagiusa Tonguefish, blackcheek GUL Syngnathus fuscus Pipefish, northern HML Syngnathus louisianae Pipefish, chain GUL Syngnathus sp. Pipefish CBC Synodus foetens Lizardfish GUL Tautoga onitio Tautog HML Trichiurus lepturus Fish, cutlass HML Trinectes maculatus Hog choker GUL,HML Umbra limi Minnow, mud LEM Vomer setapinnis Moonfish HML Not designated: South American Fish TAR Tropical Fish STE AMPHIBIA Urodela Ambystoma Jeffersoni Salamander CON., MAZ Ambystoma maculatum Salamander, spotted CON, NIC, STE, zoo Ambystoma opacum Salamander, marbled NIC Ambystoma tigrinium Salamander, tiger GEL, LEM, NIC, STE,ZOO 46

Urodela-Continued Species Common Name Code Ambrystoma traculatum Salamander, tiger NIC Amphiuma means Eel, Congo HER, LEM, STE, TAR,ZOO Amphiuma tridactylum Eel, Congo LEM, STE Andrias japonicus Salamander, Japanese giant HER Aneides lugubris Salamander, arboreal HER Batrachoseps attenuatus Salamander, California slender HER Diemictylus viridescens Newt, red-spotted LEM, MAZ, STE, zoo Dismognathus quadrimaculatus Salamander, black-bellied HER Dismognathus sp. Salamander MAZ Eurycea 1. longicanda Salamander NIC Necturus maculosus Mudpuppy CON,GEL,LEM, MAZ, STE, ZOO Necturus sp. Axolotl, western HAC Notopthalamus perstriatus Newt, striped HER Plethodon cinereus Salamander, red-backed CON Plethodon j. shermani Salamander, red-legged HER Pseudotriton r. schencki Salamander NIC PseudotTiton r. vioscai Salamander, southern red HER Salamandra salamandra Salamander, fire (European) ZOO Siren lacertina Eel, mud STE Synbranchus marmoratus Eel, musum TAR Taricha torosa Newt, western HER Triturus viridescens Newt, water GEL, NIC, STE, zoo Triturus sp. Newt CON, MAZ, STE, TOT,ZOO Not designated: Newt, American spotted HAC Newt, Japanese red-bellied HAC Salamander NIC Anura Acris gryllus Frog, cricket MAZ Atelopus sp. Frog, poison arrow zoo Bombina bombina Toad, fire-bellied (European) zoo Bufo alvarius Toad, Colorado River PET,ZOO Bufo americanus Toad, garden CON, LAJ, MAZ, NIC, STE, ZOO Bufo blombergi Toad, Blomberg's CHC, PFI Bufo boreas Toad, western HER Bufo cognatus Toad, Great Plains PET Bufo debilis Toad,green MAZ Bufo fowler! Toad, Fowler's CON, NIC, STE Bufo marinus Toad, marine CHC, HER, LEM, MAZ, PFI, STE, TAR,ZOO Bufo punctatus Toad, red-spotted PET Bufo regularis pardalis Toad, African HER,LEM Bufo retiformis Toad, little green PET Bufo siamensis Toad NIC,Wm Bu.fo terrestris Toad, common MAZ, NIC, STE, TAR Bufo woodhousii Toad STE Ceratophrys sp. Frog, horned CHC,MAZ Dendrobates sp. Frog, poison arrow HER,ZOO 47

Anura-Continued Species , Common Name Code Gastrotheca marsupiata Frog, marsupial HER Hyla arenicolor Frog, canyon tree PET Hyla caerulea Frog, great green tree HER Hyla cinerea Frog, green tree HER, MAZ, NIC STE, TAR Hyla crucifer Peeper, spring CON, NIC, STE Hyla gratiosa Frog, barking tree NIC, TAR Hyla regilla Frog, Pacific tree HER Hyla septentrionalis Frog, Cuban tree HER,TAR Hyla squirella Frog, squirrel tree TAR Hyla versicolor Frog, northern green tree NIC, STE Hyla sp. Frog, tree GEL, LEM, ZOO Hymenocheris boettgeri Frog, dwarf clawed HER Kaloula pulchra Frog, Asiatic painted HER Leptodactylus pentadactylus Frog, giant leptodactylid TAR Megaphrys nasuta Frog, Asiatic horned HER Pedostibes hosei Toad, climbing HER Phrynosoma cornutum Toad, horned GEL Phyllomedusa bi-color Frog, giant emerald tree TAR Pipa pipa Toad, Surinam CHC,STE,TAR Rana catesbeiana Bullfrog BEi, CON, GEL, HOF, LAJ, LEM, MAZ, NBL, STE, WBS, ZOO Rana clamitans Frog,green BEi, CON, HOF, LAJ, LEM, MAZ, NIC, STE, ZOO Rana grylio Frog, pig ("bullfrog") TAR Rana occipitalis Bullfrog,groove-crowned HER Rana palustris Frog, pickerel CON, MAZ, NIC, STE Rana pipiens Frog, leopard BEi, CON, GEL, HOF, LAJ, LEM, MAZ, NBL, NIC, SHE, STE, TAR, WBS, ZOO Rana pipiens berlandieri Frog, Rio Grande leopard SHE Rana sphenocephala Frog, southern leopard NIC Rana sylvatica Frog, wood CON, LA.J, MAZ, NIC, STE Rana temporaria Frog, grass MAZ Rhacophorus eques Frog, gliding HER Scapbiopus couchi Toad, Couch's spadefoot PET Scaphiopus hammondi Toad, western spadefoot PET Scaphiopus holbrookii Toad, spadefoot NIC, TAR Xenopus laevis Frog, South African clawed COK, HAC, LEM, STE,ZOO Not designated: Frog NIC,NEU, wm REPTILIA TESTUDINATA Amyda ferox Turtle, soft-shelled MAZ, STE, TAR, zoo Amyda sp. Turtle, soft-shelled ANM Barbouri sp. Tortoise, box GEL,MAZ 48

TESTUDINATA-Continued Species Batrachemeys nasuta Caretta caretta Casqued terrapin Chelonia mydas Chelus fimbriata Chelydra osceola Chelydra serpentina Chrysemys picta Chrysemys sp. Clemmys c. rivulata Clemmys insculpa Clemmys mutica Cuora amboinensis Dermatemys mawei Emys blandingii Geoclemys hamiltoni Geomyda spinosa Geomyda t. coronata Geomyda t. thermalis Gopherus polyphemus Graptemys pseudogeographica Kachuga dhongoka Kachuga ~mithi Kinixys sp. Kinosternon baurii Kinosternon cruentatum Kinosternon fiavescens Kinosternon scorpiodes Kinosternon sonoriense Kinosternon sp. * Lepidochelys kempii Lissemys punctata Macrochelys temminckii Malaclemys concentrica Malaclemys terrapin Malaclemys sp. Malacochersus tornieri Mesoclemys gibba Platemys platycephala Platysternon megacephalum Platysternon peguense *Podocnemis expansa Podocnemis sextuberculata *Podocnemis unifilis Pseudemys elegans Pseudemys fioridiana Pseudemys ornata Pseudemys s. ornata Pseudemys scripta. Pseudemys sp. *See Explanation, p. 34. Common Name Turtle, broad head, side necked Turtle, loggerhead sea Snapper, Asiatic Turtle, green sea Turtle, mata mata Turtle, Florida snapping Turtle, common snapping Turtle, painted Turtle Turtle, striped pond Turtle, wood Turtle, green-headed pond Turtle, Malayan box Turtle, Central American river Turtle, Blanding' s Turtle, spotted pond Terrapin, spiny Terrapin, Indian crowned Terrapin, Ceylonese pond Tortoise, gopher Terrapin,crescent Turtle, Brown's roofed Turtle, Smith's roofed Tortoise, African hinged-back Turtle, Bauer's mud Turtle, red-headed mud Turtle, yellow-necked mud Turtle, common mud Turtle, Sonoran mud Turtle, mud Turtle, Ridley Atlantic Softshell, flap-shelled Turtle, alligator snapping Terrapin, diamondback Terrapin, northern diamondback Turtle, diamondback Tortoise, pancake Turtle Turtle, brown side neck Turtle, Asiatic big-headed Turtle, Malayan big-headed Turtle, yellow-spotted side neck Turtle, white-spotted side neck Turtle, orange-spotted side neck Terrapin, mobile Terrapin, Florida Turtle, red-eared Slider, Central American Terrapin, yellow-bellied Code TAR GUL wm MAZ ANM, CHC, SAi, TAR MAZ, TAR LEM, MAZ, STE, ZOO CON, GEL, STE, wm,zoo CON, GEL, NBL, SHE,STE HER LEM, STE, ZOO HER PFI PFI LEM, STE, ZOO STE HER,ZOO HER HER CHC,TAR,ZOO STE HER HER PET TAR HER STE TAR PET CHC, LEM, STE GUL HER HER, STE, ZOO HML, LEM, MAZ, SAi, TAR GUL, ZOO CHC, STE PET TAR TAR PFI, ZOO HER PFI, TAR TAR TAR HER, MAZ, SHE, STE CHC ANM, CHC, PFI, TAR HER CHC, STE, TAR CON, NBL, STE, TAR 49

TE STUD INA TA-Continued Species Common Name Code Staurotypus salveni Turtle, giant musk HER Sternotherus minor Turtle, southern musk CHC,TAR Sternotherus odoratus Turtle, stinkpot musk TAR Terrapene carolina Turtle, common box MAZ, STE, TAR Terrapene major Tortoise, southern box CHC, MAZ, STE Terrapene ornata Turtle, painted box PET Terrapene sp. Turtle, box LEM, ZOO Testudo carbonaria Tortoise, South American TAR Testudo denticulata Tortoise, South American CHC, PFI, SAi, TAR Testudo elegans Tortoise, star HER, SAi Testudo emys Tortoise, giant Asiatic HER Testudo gigantea Tortoise, giant aldabra PFI Trionyx cartilagineus Turtle, Asiatic soft-shelled PFI Trionyx ferox Turtle, southern soft-shelled CHC Trionyx sp. Turtle, soft-shelled LEM Not designated: Terrapin zoo Tortoise, Galapagos ANM Tortoise zoo Turtle, baby green HAC Turtle HOF,TOT,ZOO SQUAMATA Sauria Agama sp. Lizard, Agama PET Amphisbaena alba Lizard, white-bellied worm TAR Amphisbaena fuliginosa Liza:rd, worm TAR Anolis carolinensis Chameleon CHC, GEL, HER, LEM, MAZ, TAR, zoo Anolis equestris Chameleon, Cuban CHC,MAZ Basiliscus basiliscus Lizard, basilisk CHC, PFI, SAi, TAR Callisaurus ventralis Lizard, zebra-striped PET Ceratophora stoddarti Agamid, horned HER Chamaeleo brevicornis Chameleon, Madagascan HER Chamaeleo jacksoni Chameleon, Jackson's HER Chamaeleo zeylanicus Chameleon, Indian HER Chamaeleon sp. Chameleon, true zoo Coleonyx variegatus Gekko, desert CHC,PET Crotaphytus collaris Lizard, collared CHC, LEM, MAZ, PET Crotaphytus wislizeni Lizard, leopard PET Ctenosaura h. hemilopha Iguana, Mexican false MAZ Ctenosaura sililis Iguana, spiny-tailed MAZ Cyclura cornutus Iguana, rhinoceros CHC Cyclura ricordi Iguana, Ricord's CHC Cyclura rileyi Iguana, San Salvador Island CHC **Cyclura sp. Iguana, South American ANM Dipsosaurus dorsalis Iguana, keel-backed desert PET Dracaena guianensis Lizard, caiman SAi, TAR Eublepharis macularius Gekko, leopard zoo Eumeces egregius Skink, Florida, red-tailed CHC,MAZ Euromastix sp. Lizard, Asiatic spiny-tailed zoo Gekko gekko Gekko, tokay CBC, HER, PFI, SAi, ZOO **See Explanation, p. 34. 50

~-Continued Species Common Name Code Gerrhonotus kingi Lizard, Sonoran alligator PET Gerrhonotus multicarinatus Lizard, alligator CHC,PET Gerrhosaurus sp. Lizard, African plated PET Heloderma horridum Lizard, beaded CHC, MAZ, ZOO Heloderma suspectum Gila monster CHC,ZOO Hemidactylus mabouia Gekko TAR Holbrookia approximans Lizard, lesser earless PET Holbrookia texana sp. Lizard, greater earless PET Hydrosaurus amboinensis Lizard, East Indian water HER Iguana iguana Iguana, green CHC, MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR, ZOO Iguana sp. Iguana SAi La.certa viridis Lizard, European green zoo Ophisaurus ventralis Snake, glass CHC,TAR Pachydactylus bibroni Gekko, African fiap-footed zoo Phelsuma 1. chloroscelis Gekko, red-backed day HER Phelsuma 1. lineata Gekko, striped day HER Phelsuma quadriocellata Gekko, spotted day HER Phrynosoma cornutum Toad, horned MAZ Polycbrous marmoratus Lizard, marbled TAR Sauromalus obesus Chuckawalla CHC,PET Sceloporus c. clarki Lizard, Clark's spiny PET Sceloporus consubrinus Lizard, eastern fence LEM, PET Sceloporus cyanogenys Swift, blue scaly HER,LEM,MAZ Sceloporus J. Jarrovi Lizard, Yarrow's spiny PET Sceloporus m. magister Lizard, desert spiny PET Sceloporus occldentalis Lizard, western fence HER Sceloporus undulatus Fence swift GEL Sceloporus virgatus Lizard, striped plateau PET Teratoscincus scincus Gekko, Asiatic frog-eyed zoo Tupinambis nigropunctatus Lizard, golden tegu CHC, HER, MAZ, PFI, TAR Tupinambis rufescens Tegu, red PFI Tupinambis texuigin Lizard, tegu CHC, HER, PFI, SAi, TAR Tupinambus sp. Lizard, tegu SAi, wm Uma inornata rufopunctata Lizard, Colorado desert sand PET Urocentron castor Lizard, black fiat-tailed TAR Uromastix hardwicki Lizard, Indian spiny-tail HER Uta ornata symmetrica Lizard, tree MAZ, PET Uta stansburiana stejnegeri Lizard, side-blotched HER,PET V aranus bengalensis Monitor, Indian HER, PFI Varanus dumerili Monitor, Dumeril' s HER V aranus exanthematicus Monitor, Savanna HER Varanus fiavenscens Lizard, yellow monitor CHC Varanus niloticus Lizard, Nile monitor PFI Varanus salvator Monitor, water CHC, SAi Varanus sp. Monitor, Asian PET,ZOO Xantusia v igilis Lizard, Yucca night HER Not designated: Iguana LOK Lizard LOK,ZOO Ophidia Acrochordus Javanicus Snake, elephant trunk CHC, PFI Agkistrodon contortrix Snake,copperhead MAZ, ZOO Agkistrodon mokasen Copperhead,northern STE,ZOO Agkistrodon piscivorus Cottonmouth CHC, MAZ, TAR, zoo 51

Ophidia-Continued \ Species Agkistrodon p. leucostoma Ahaetulla tristis Anilius scytale Arizona elegans sp. Atractaspis dahomeyensis Bitis arientans Bitis gabonica Bitis nasicornis Bitis sp. Boa anulata Boa canina Boa cookii Boa hortulana Boa sp. Boiga cynodon Boiga dendrophila Boiga nigriceps Bothrops atrox Bothrops hyoprora Bothrops jararaca Bothrops nigrovirides Bothrops venezuelensis Bothrops sp. Bungarus caerulus Bungarus fasciatus Bungarus sp. Candoia carinata Cemophora coccinea Chilomeniscus cinctus Chironius fuscus Chironius verde Chrysopelea ornata Clelia clelia Coluber constrictor Coluber flagellum Coluber paludcola Conophis lineatus Constrictor c. constrictor Constrictor c. rubicauda Constrictor constrictor Constrictor sp. Crotalus adamanteus Crotalus atrox Crotalus ceraster Crotalus durissus Crotalus m. molossus Crotalus scutulatus Crotalus tigris Crotalus v. nuntius Crotalus sp. Cyclagras gigas Cylindrophi s maculatus Cylindrophis rufus 52 Common Name Water moccasin, northern Bronze-back, Ceylonese Snake, false coral Snake, glossy Viper, burrowing Adder, puff Viper, gaboon Viper, rhinoceros Viper, African large species Boa, annulated Boa, emerald tree Boa, yellow tree Boa, garden tree Boa, tree (South and Central America) Snake, dog-tooth cat Snake, mangrove Snake, black-headed cat Fer-de-lance Viper, hog-nosed Jararaca Viper, black and green Viper, Venezuelan pit Viper, tropical American Krait, Ceylonese Krait, banded Krait, Asiatic Boa, Solomon Island Snake, scarlet Snake, banded sand Snake, red whip Snake, green whip Snake, flying Mussarana Racer, black Coachwhip Snake, everglades racer Guarda camino Constrictor, red-tailed boa Boa, Brazilian red-tailed Boa, common Boa, common tropical Rattlesnake, diamondback Rattlesnake, western diamondback Sidewinder Rattlesnake, tropical Rattlesnake, black-tailed Rattlesnake, Mojave Rattlesnake, tiger Rattler, hopi Rattlesnake Cobra, false water Snake, Ceylonese pipe Snake, red-tailed pipe Code zoo HER CHC, MAZ, MHI, TAR PET HER PET CHC,PET CHC,PET zoo CHC CHC, MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR CHC, PFI, TAR CHC, PFI, SAi, TAR ANM, HER, ZOO HER HER, SAi HER CHC,MAZ,TAR MAZ,TAR CHC,HER TAR HER zoo HER CHC zoo HER MAZ,TAR PET TAR TAR HER CHC, SAI, TAR CHC, MAZ, SAi, TAR CHC,TAR CHC TAR HER, PFI CHC, SAI, TAR CHC, MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR, WHI ANM, ZOO CHC,TAR CHC,PET PET TAR PET PET PET HER MAZ, ZOO CHC,TAR HER HER

Ophidia-Continued Species Common Name Code Dendraspis viridia Mamba, green CHC Dipsas catesbeii Snake, snail-eating TAR Drymarchon c. corals Cribo, yellow-tailed CHC, PFI, TAR Drymarchon c. couperi Snake, Florida indigo MAZ, PET, SAi TAR Drymarchon c. melanurus Cribo, gray SAi, TAR Drymarchon corals Snake, indigo CHC, wm Dryophis nasuta Snake, vine (Asiatic) zoo Dryophis prasinus Snake, grass~een whip HER Elaphe guttata Snake, corn CHC, SAi, TAR Elaphe lindheimeri Snake, Texas rat HER Elaphe o. quadrivittata Snake, yellow rat MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR Elaphe quadrivittata Snake, chicken CHC Elaphe radiata Snake, radiated rat HER Elaphe spiloides Snake, gray rat CHC Elaphe sp. Snake, rat PET, wm, zoo Epicrates c. cenchrls Boa, Brazilian rainbow CHC, SAi, TAR Epicrates c. maurus Boa, Colombian rainbow CHC, SAi, TAR Epicrates cenchris Boa, rainbow CHC, PFI Epicrates ford! Boa, Haitian ground CHC,HER Epicrates striatus Boa, Bahaman CHC Epicrates striatus strigulata Boa, E leuthera Island HER Eryx c. brevis Boa, Ceylonese sand HER Eryx jobnii Boa, sand CHC Eryx sp. Boa, sand (Asiatic) zoo Eunectes murinus Anaconda CHC, HER, MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR Farancia abacura Snake, red-bellied TAR, WHI Heterodon contortix Snake, hognose CHC,MAZ,TAR Heterodon simus Snake, southern hognose CHC Heterodon sp. Snake, hognose PET, WHI Hypsiglena torquata Snake, spotted night PET Hypsirinchus ferox Snake, Haitian white CHC lmantodes cenchoa Snake, blunt-head tree TAR Lachesis muta Bushmaster CHC, SAi, TAR Lampropeltis elapsoides Snake, scar let king CHC,TAR Lampropeltis g. brooksi Snake, South Florida king CHC, PET, SAi La.mpropeltis g. californiae Snake, California king PET La.mpropeltis g. floridana Snake, Florida king CHC, MAZ, PET, SAi, TAR La.mpropeltis g. bolbrooki Snake, speckled king CHC,HER La.mpropeltis g. splendida Snake, Arizona king PET Lampropeltis g. yumensis Snake, Yuma king PET La.mpropeltis getulus Snake, king CHC, MAZ, WHI Lampropeltis goini Snake, blotched king CHC Lampropeltis p. woodini Snake, Arizona mountain king PET Lampropeltis triangulum sp. Snake, scar let king PET Lampropeltis zonata Snake, California mountain king PET Lampropeltis sp. Snake, king zoo Leptophis ahaetulla Snake, green tree TAR Leptophis r. nigromarginatus Snak~, paradise green tree TAR Liasis childreni Python, children's HER Lichanura roseofusca sp. Boa, rosy SAi Lichanura trivirgata sp. Boa,rosy PET Masticophis bilineatus Racer, Sonoran MAZ, PET Masticophis f. piceus Racer, red or black PET, SAi Micruroides euryxanthus Snake, Arizona coral PET 53

2Ehldla-Continued Species Common Name Code Micrurus fiuvius Snake, coral CHC,TAR Micrurus spud Snake, coral MAZ,TAR Micrurus sp. Snake, coral TAR Morella argue Python, carpet HER Naja n. atra Cobra, Formosan HER Naja n. leuchodlra Cobra, Malayan black HER Naja n. polyocellata Cobra, Ceylonese spectacled HER Naja naja Cobra, spectacled CHC Naja naja kaoutnia Cobra HER Naja sp. Cobra PET,ZOO Natrix cyclopion Snake, green water CHC, MAZ, TAR Natrix fasciata Snake, banded water CHC,TAR Natrix floridana Snake, Florida green water CHC Natrix sipedon Snake, water CHC Natrix taxispilota Snake, brown water CHC Natrix sp. Snake, water (various) zoo Opheodrys aestivus Snake, rough-keeled green CHC,TAR Ophisaurus ventralis Snake, glass TAR Oxybelis acuminatus Snake, pike-headed TAR Oxybelis fulgidus Snake, long-nosed tree TAR Oxyrhoepis petola Coral, false TAR Phyllorhynchus b. brown! Snake, saddled leaf-nosed PET Phyllorhynchus decurtatus Snake, spotted leaf-nosed PET Pituophis m. affinis Snake, Sonoran gopher PET Pituophis m. mugitis Snake, pine TAR Pituophis ruthveni Snake, Florida pine CHC,MAZ Pituophis sp. Snake, bull and pine WHI Pseudoeryx plicatella Snake, mud TAR Pseustes poecilonotus Cobra, false TAR Python molurus Python, Indian rock CHC, MAZ, PFI, SAi Python regius Python, ball CHC, HER, PFI Python reticulatus Python, reticulated CHC, HER, PFI, SAi, ZOO Python sabae Python, African rock CHC, PFI Python sp. Python PET, ZOO Rhinocheilus 1. lecontei Snake, western long-nosed PET Salvadora grahemaei Snake, mountain patch-nosed PET Salvadora hexalepis sp. Snake, western patch-nosed PET Sistrurus miliarius Rattlesnake,pygmy CHC,TAR Sistrurus sp. Rattlesnake,pygmy PET Spilotes pullatus Snake, South American rat SAi, TAR Thalerophis richarcli Snake, green tree CHC Thamnophis sackenii Snake, southern ribbon CHC,TAR Thamnophis sauritius Snake, ribbon HER **Thamnophis sirtalis Snake, garter CHC, MAZ, SAi, STE, TAR, WHI **Thamnophis sp. Snake, garter LEM, PET, STE, zoo Trimeresurus elegans Habu, elegant HER Trimeresurus tokarensis Habu, tokaro HER Trimeresurus tokarensis Melanistic phase Habu, tokaro HER Trimeresurus sp. Viper, Asiatic pit PET Trimorphodon lambda Snake, Arizona lyre PET Vipera sp. Viper, old world PET,ZOO Not designated: Ophiclia ZOF **See Explanation, p. 34. 54

Ophidia-Continued Species Common Name Code Snakes, all varieties LOK, STE Snakes,nonvenomous TOT,ZOO Snakes,venomous TOT,ZOO LORICATA * Alligator mississippiensis Alligator, American HER, MAZ, SAi, TAR,ZOO Caiman, latirostris Caiman, round-nosed TAR Caiman, palpebrosus Caiman, banded TAR Caiman, sclerops Caiman, spectacled CHC, PFI, SAi, TAR Caiman, sp. Caiman ANM, MAZ, SAi, zoo Crocodylus acutus Crocodile, American CHC, MAZ, SAi, TAR,ZOO Crocodylus cataphractus Crocodile, slender-snorted HER *Crocodylus niloticus Crocodile, Nile PFI Crycodylus pa.lustris Crocodile, marsh HER Crocodylus porosus Crocodile, saltwater PFI **Crocodylus sp. Crocodile ZOO Melanosuchus niger Caiman, black SAi, TAR Palaeosuchus trigonatus Caiman, smooth-fronted SAi, TAR Tomistoma schlegeli Oba.rial, Malayan crocodile CHC AVES SPHENISCIFORMES Eudyptes crestatus Penguin, rock-hopper BRN Spheniscus demersus Penguin, jackass BRN Spheniscus humboldti Penguin, Humboldt BRN, CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi Spheniscus magellanicus Penguin, magellanic BRN *Spheniscus mendiculus Penguin, Galapagos FRE STRUTHIONIFORMES **Struthio camelus Ostrich CHC, RID, SAi Struthio camelus australis Ostrich, southern race PFI •• Struthio sp. Ostrich FRE RHEIFORMES Rhea americana Rhea, common PFI, RID Rhea sp. Rhea CHC, FRE, RID, SAi, ZOO PELECANIFORMES Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Pelican, American white RID *Pelecanus occidentalis Pelican, brown CHC, FRE, MAZ, RID, SAi CICONIIFORMES Ajaia ajaia Spoonbill, roseate CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR *, **See Explanation, p. 34. 55

CICONilFORMES-Continued Species Anastomus oscita.ns Ardeola ibis Botaurus sp. **Ciconia ciconia Cochlearius cochlearius Endocimus alba Endocimus rubra Ibis leucocephalus Jabiru mycteria Leptopilus crumeniferus Mycteria americana Nycticorax nycticorax Plegadis falcinellus Threskiornis aethiopica Tigrisoma lineatum PHOENICOPTERIFORMES Phoeniconaias minor Phoenicopa.rrus andinus Phoenicopterus chilensis Phoenicopterus ruber Phoenicopterus sp. ANSERIFORMES Aix galericulata Aix sponsa Anas platyrhynchos Anhima cornuta Anser anser Anser cygnoides **Branta canadensis Cairina moschata Chauna chavaria Chauna torquata Coscoroba coscoroba Cygnus atratus Cygnus c. cygnus Cygnus columbianus Cygnus melanocoryphus Cygnus olor Plectropterus gambensis Psophia virdis ••see Explanation, p. 34. 56 Common Name Stork, open-billed Egret, cattle Bittern, tiger Stork, European white Heron, boat-billed Ibis, white Ibis, scarlet Stork, painted Jabiru Stork, marabou Ibis, American wood Heron, black-crowned night Ibis, glossy Ibis, sacred Heron, banded tiger Not designated: Pelican Flamingo, lesser Flamingo, Andean Flamingo, Chilean Flamingo, American Flamingo Duck, mandarin Duck, wood Duck, mallard Screamer, horned Goose, white Embden, gray toulouse, white pilgrim Goose, Chinese white, Chinese brown Goose, Canadian Duck, muscovy Screamer, black-necked Screamer, crested Swan, Coscoroba Swan, black Whooper Swan, white Swan, black-necked Swan, white mute Goose, African spur-winged Trumpeter, green-winged Not designated: Duck Goose, mixed breeds Waterfowl Code FRE, PFI, RID SAi CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI, RID, TAR CHC, FRE, MAZ CHC, FRE, RID FRE , PFI, SAI CHC, FRE, PFI, SAi, TAR FRE , PFI, SAI CHC,FRE FRE CHC,FRE CHC,FRE CHC,TAR BRN RID RID CHC, FRE, PFI CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR, zoo BRN,MAZ FRE ADV ADV, MAZ, TRS CHC, FRE, PFI, RID ADV,TRS ADV,TRS ADV, MAZ, TRS MAZ, TRS CHC, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR CHC, FRE, PFI, RID FRE FRE, SAi FRE FRE, MAZ CHC, FRE, SAi CHC,FRE ADV HER, MAZ, PFI CZE, THR, WHI ADV,THR zoo

FALCONIFORMES Species Common Name Code Aquila rapax Eagle, tawny CHC,SAI Busarellus nigriocollis Hawk, black-collared PFI Buteo magnirostris Hawk, roadside CBC, PFI, SAi Caracara cheriway Caracara, crested PFI Caracara sp. Caracara CBC, FRE, SAi, TAR Coragyps atratus Vulture, black MAZ **Falco sp. Falcon, hawk MAZ Herpetotheres cachinnans Falcon, laughing PFI Herpia harpyja Eagle, harpy PFI, TAR Heterospizias meridionalis Hawk, Savannah PFI Micrastur gilvicollis Falcon, lined forest PFI Micrastur semitorquatus Falcon, collared forest PFI Microhierax caerulescens Falconet, red-thighed FRE, PFI Microhierax sp. Falconet, pygmy CBC, SAi Milvus migrans Kite, pariah CBC Sagittarius serpentarius Bird, secretary FRE, RID Sarcorhamphus papa. Vulture, king CHC,FRE,TAR Spilornis cheela Eagle, crested serpent PFI Terathopius ecaudatus Eagle, bateleur CBC, FRE, PFI ~ultur gryphus Condor,Andean CHC,FRE GALLIFORMES Acryllium vulturinum Fowl, vulturine guinea FRE, MAZ, RID, TRS Agriocharis ocellata Turkey, trio ocellated FRE Chrysolopbus amherstiae Pheasant, Lady Amherst CHC,RED Chrysolopbus pictus Pheasant, golden CHC,MAZ,RED **Colinus virginianus Quail, bobwhite MAX, TRS Coturnix coturnix Coturnix LIS,RED,TRS ••crax sp. Currasow FRE,SAI,TAR Guttera sp. Guinea, crested RID Lophophorus impejanus Pheasant, impeyan RED Lophura nycthemera Pheasant, silver RED Mitu mitu Currasow, great razor-billed SAi, TAR Numida meleagris Guinea hen, common ADV,MAZ,RED Pavo cristatus Peacock ADV, CBC, LOK, RED, SAi, TRS Penelope purpurascens Guan, white-crested TAR Phasianus colchicus Pheasant, ring-necked ADV, MAZ, RED, TRS Phasianus perdix Quail, chukar RED, TRS Phasianus sp. Pheasant MAZ, STE, THR, WHI Syrmaticus ellioti Pheasant, Elliot's RED Syrmaticus reevesi Pheasant, Reeves' RED Not designated: Quail BRN,THR GRUIFORMES Anthropoides pa.radlsea Crane, Stanley CBC, FRE, RID Anthropoides v irgo Crane, demoiselle FRE, SAi Aramides cajanea Rail, Cayenne wood CHC Balearica pavonla Crane, crowned BRN,CHC,FRE, RID, SAi Balearica p. gibbericeps Crane, East African crowned FRE, RID •, **See Explanation, p. 34. 57

GRUIFORMES-Continued Species Common Name Code Cariama crlstata Carlama, crested PFI Chunga burmelsterl Carlama, Burmeister' s PFI Eurypyga hellas Sun-bittern CHC, FRE, PFI, TAR Grus antigone Crane, Barus FRE, RID, SAi Grus grus Crane, European RID Psophia crepltans Trumpeter, common CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR Psophia leucoptera Trumpeter, white-winged CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR Psophia vlrldls Trumpeter, green-winged CHC,FRE CHARADRIIFORMES Belonopterus chilensls Lapwing, southern CHC,FRE Burhinus blstrlatus Thick-knee, double-striped FRE Burhlnus superciliaris Thick-knee, South American CHC Jacana splnosa Jacana, American black CHC Larosterna Inca Tern, Inca CHC,FRE COLUMBIFORMES Columba llvla Pigeon, domestic ANM, LEM, MAZ, RAI, RID, STE, TOT,TRS Goura scheepmakeri Pigeon, Scheepmaker' s crowned BRN,FRE Perlsterid luzonlca Dove, bleeding heart CHC,FRE Streptopelia sp. Dove, ring-necked CHC, FRE, RID Not designated: ••Dove LOK, MAZ, RID, STE, THR Pigeon ABC,CON,CZE, WHI Pigeon, auto-sexing PAL Pigeon, silver king PAL Pigeon, white carneau LEM, PAL, RAI Pigeon, white king PAL, POC, RAI ••Pigeon, wild MAZ Pigeon, yellow-bellied fruit CHC,FRE PSITTACIFORMES Agapornis fischerl U>Vebird, Fischer's INT Agapornis persona.ta U>Vebird, African black-masked INT, SAi Agapornls roseicollis Lovebird, African peach-faced CCO, CHC, INT, PFI, SAi Agapornls sp. Lovebird, 7 species INT Alisterus sp. Parrakeet, 2 species INT Amazona aestiva Amazon, blue-fronted PFI Amazona ochrocephala Parrot, yellow-headed CHC, INT, PFI, SAi, TAR Amazona viridigenalis Amazon, green-cheeked INT •• Amazona sp. Amazon, 16 species INT Anodorhynchus hyacinthomis Macaw, hyacinth CHC, MAZ, SAi Apromictus sp. Parrakeet, 2 species INT Ara ambuigua Macaw, greater green-winged PFI Ara ararauna Macaw, blue and gold CHC, INT, PFI, ••See Explanation, p. 34. SAi, TAR 58

PSITTACIFORMES-Conttnued Species Ara chloroptera Ara macao Ara mllitaris Ara sp. Aratinga guarouba Aratinga jendaya Aratinga sp. Barnardlus sp. Bolbopsittacus lunulatus Brotogeris sp. Cacatua galerita Cacatua moluccensis Cacatua sp. Calyptorhyncus sp. Chalcopsitta atra Chalcopsitta sintWata Coracopsis vasa vasa "Cyanoramphus sp. Domicella sp. Eos cyanogenla Eos sp. Eupsittula canicularis Forpus cyanopygius Glossopsitta cooclnna Kakatoe' alba Kakatoe sp. Leptolophus hollandicus Loriculus sp. Lorius roratus roratus Lorius sp. Melopsittacus unwlatus **Neophema sp. Nestor notabilis Northiella sp. Pionus menstruus Platycercus elegans elegans Platycerus sp. Poicephalus guliemi Poicephalus robustuH robustus Poicephalus sp. Polytelis sp. **Psephotus sp. Pseudo fuscata fuscata Psittacula cyanocephala **Psittacula krameri "Psittacula sp. Psittacus erithacus Psitteuteles euteles Psitteuteles sp. Purpureicephalus spurius Tanygnatbus sp. Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus ••See Explanation, p. 34. Common Name Macaw, red and green Macaw, scarlet Macaw, military Macaw Conure, golden Conure, yellow-headed Conure, 7 species Parrakeet, 4 species Gualabero, Luzon Parrakeet, 3 species Cockatoo, sulfur-crested Cockatoo, rose-crested Cockatoo Cockatoo, 3 species Lory, black Lory, red-fronted Parrot, Timneh gray Parrakeet, 2 species (New Zealand) Lory, 8 species Lory, black-winged Lory, 7 species Parrot, half moon Parrotlet, turquoise-rumped Lorikeet, musk Cockatoo, white-crested Cockatoo, 13 species Cockatiel Parrakeet, hanging Parrot, grand eclectus Parrot, 4 species Budgerigar Parrakeet, 6 species Kea, raven-sized Parrakeet, 2 species Parrot, red-vented Rosella, crimson Rosella, 9 species Parrot, red-headed Parrot, cape Parrot, 7 species Parrakeet, 3 species Parrakeet, 4 species Lory, dusky Parrakeet, blossom-headed Parrakeet,ring-necked Parrakeet, 14 species Parrot, African gray Lorikeet, perfect Lorikeet, 3 species Parrakeet, red-capped or pileated Parrakeet, 4 species Lorikeet, Swainson' s Code CBC, INT, PFI, SAi, TAR CBC, INT, PFI, SAi, TAR INT, SAi INT INT, PFI INT INT INT INT INT PFI PFI MAZ, SAi INT INT INT INT INT INT INT INT CBC, PFI, SAi INT INT INT INT CHC, MAZ, PFI, SAi INT INT INT CCO, INT, PFI, SAi, zoo INT INT INT INT INT INT INT,MAZ,SAI, TAR INT INT INT INT INT INT, PFI PFI INT INT, PFI, SAi INT INT INT INT INT 59

PSITTACIFORMES-Continued Species Trichoglossus sp. CUCULIFORMES Crinifer conurus Gallirex porphyreolaphus Musophagldae Tauraco corythaix Tauracoleucophus Tauraco sp. STRIGIFORMES Bubo virginianus Otus asio Pulsatrix perspeclllata Strix varia Tyto alba APODIFORMES Aglaiocercus coelestis Colibri coruscans Patagona gigas TROGONIFORMES Pharomachrus mocino Pharomachrus pavonius CORACilFORMES Aceros undulatus Anthracoceros coronata Baryphthengus ruficapillus Buceros bicornis Bucorvus abyssinicus Bucorvusleadbeateri Bycanistes subcylindricus Coracias benghalensis Eu.mots. superciliosa Momotus momota Pelargopsis capensis Tockus nasutus UJX1pa epops PICIFORMES Aulacorhynchus haematopygius Aulacorhynghus prasinus Capitonidae sp. Chrysoptilus punctigula Eubucco bourieli Lybius leucocephalus 60 Common Name Lorikeet, 11 species Not designated: Parrakeet Parrot Plaintain eater, gray Turaco, violet-crested Turaco Turaco, Knysna Turaco, white-crested Turaco Owl, great horned Owl, screech Owl, spectacled Owl, barn hoot Owl, common barn Hummingbird, Gould's heavenly sylph Hummingbird, Gould's violet-eared Hummingbird, giant Quetzal Quetzal, Pavonine Hornbill, Malayan wreathed Hornbill, Malabar pied Motmot, rufous Hornbill, concave-casqued Hornbill, Abyssinian ground Hornbill, ground Hornbill, casqued Roller, Indian blue Motmot, turquoise Motmot, blue-crowned Kingfisher, Indian stork-billed Hornbill, gray Hoopoe Toucanette, green, red-rumped Toucan, emerald Barbet Woodpecker, spot-breasted Barbet, red-headed Barbet, white-headed Code INT ANM,MAZ TAR,ZOO CHC FRE FRE FRE CHC FRE MAZ MAZ, PFI CHC, FRE, PFI, SAi MAZ CHC, MAZ CHC,FRE CHC,FRE CHC,FRE CHC,FRE PFI FRE, PFI BRN PFI BRN, PFI FRE, PFI CHC,FRE CHC,FRE FRE, PFI FRE, PFI CHC, FRE, PFI, SAi CHC BRN BRN,FRE BRN, CHC, PFI CHC, PFI, SAi ANM, SAi FRE PFI, SAi SAi

PICIFORMES-Continued Species Common Name Code Megalaima asiatica Barbet, blue-throated CHC,SAI Megalaima zeylanica Barbet, lineated PFI Pteroglossus beauharnaesii Aracari, curly-headed CHC, FRE, PFI, SAI, TAR Pteroglossus bitorquatus Aracari, double-collared FRE Pteroglossus torquatus Aracari, collared CHC, FRE, PFI, SAI, TAR Pteroglossus viridis Aracari, green FRE Ramphastos ariel Toucan, Ariel PFI Ramphastos cuvieri Toucan, Cuvier's CHC, FRE, PFI, SAI, TAR Rampbastos dicolorus Toucan, red-breasted PFI Ramphastos sulfuratus Toucan, keel-bllled CHC, FRE, PFI, SAI, TAR Ramphastos swainsonl Toucan, Swainson's BRN,CHC,FRE, PFI, SAI Ramphastos toco Toucan, toco CHC, FRE, SAI, TAR Ramphastos tucanus Toucan, white-throated FRE Ramphastos vitellinus Toucan, white-breasted BRN,CHC,FRE, PFI, RID, SAI, TAR Ramphastos vitellinus ariel Ariel FRE Ramphastos sp. Toucan ANM,MAZ Selenidera sp. Toucanette ANM, FRE, PFI, RID Semnornis ramphastinus Barbet, toucan BRN,CHC,FRE, SAI Tricholaema diadematum Barbet,red-fronted FRE, SAI Not designated: Barbet, black and yellow spotted BRN Barbet, blue cheek BRN Barbet, crested BRN Toucan, sulphur breasted BRN Toucanette, aricari BRN PASSERIFORMES Acidotheres tristis Mynah bird CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI, SAI Agelaius icterocephalus Marsh bird, yellow-headed CHC, SAI Amandina sp. Finch, red CHC Bathilda ruficauda Finch, star BRN Calyptomena viridis Broadbill, lesser green PFI Cepbalopterus ornatus Bird, ornate umbrella PFI Chlorophanes spiza Honeycreeper, green FRE Chlorophonla occipitalls Chlorophonla, blue-crowned CHC Chlorophonia pyrrhophrys Chlorophonla, chestnut-bellied PFI Chloropsis aurifrons Oriole, black-headed PFI Coccopis nigrogularis Cardinal, black-throated PFI Corvus corax Raven LOK, MAZ, WHI Corvus sp. Crow MAZ Cyanerpes caeruleus Honeycreeper, yellow-legged CHC, SAI Cyanerpes cyanelus Honeycreeper, blue CHC, PFI, SAI Cyanocitta cristata Bluejay, American MAZ Cyanocorax affinis Jay, talamanca black-chested PFI Cyanocorax chrysops Jay,urraca FRE, PFI Cyanocorax violaceus Jay, violaceous PFI 61

PASSERIFORMES-Continued Species Cyanocorax yncas E strilda melpoda Estrilda sublava Exanthoura yncas Garrulax leucolophus Gracula religiosa Gymnostinops montezuma Icteridae sp. Icterus icterus Irena puella Lagonosticta senegala Paroaria cuculata Paroaria dominicana Passer domestlcus Pitta moluccensis Poephila cincta Poephila gouldiae Procnias nudlcollis Psarocolius decumanus Pycnonotus aurigaster Pycnonotus cafer Pycnonotus goiavier Ramphocelus carbo Ramphocelus flammlgrus Ramphocelus icteronotus Ramphocelus nigrogularis Ramphocelus passerini Rupicola peruviana Rupicola rupicola Serinus canarius Sicalis flaveola Sturnella militaris Turdus nudigenis Uraeglnthus bengalensis Uroclssa erythrorhyncba Zarhyn chus wagleri 62 Common Name Jay, green Waxbill, orange-checked Waxblll, gold-breasted Jay, Colombian green Thrush, white-crested laughing Mynah, greater Indian hill Oropendola, Montezuma Blackbird Troupial Bluebird, fairy Finch, African fire Cardinal, Brazilian Cardinal, Pope Sparrow, English Pitta, blue-winged Finch, parson Finch, gouldian Bell bird, bare-throated Oropendola, crested Bulbul, golden-vented Bulbul, red-vented Bulbul, yellow-vented Tanager, silver-beaked Tanager, orange-rumped Tanager, yellow-rumped Tanager, masked crimson Tanager, scarlet-rumped Cock-of-the-rock, scarlet Cock-of-the-rock Canary Finch, saffron Starling, military Robin, bare-eyed Finch, cordon blue Magpie, red-billed blue Oropendola, chestnut-headed Wagler's Not designated: Cardinal, green Cardinal, red-crested Cardinal, yellow-billed Crow, pied Finch Finch, black-crested Finch, cherry Finch, collared warbling Finch, green singing Finch, gray singing Finch, owl Finch, red-crested Finch, sbafttail Finch, society Finch, spice Code PFI BRN, CHC, SAI BRN, CHC, SAi CHC, SAI, TAR FRE BRN, CHC, PFI, SAI CHC, FRE, SAi, TAR LZE CHC, FRE, PFI, SAI, TAR BRN,CHC,FRE, MAZ, SAi SAi FRE, PFI BRN,FRE MAZ BRN, PFI BRN BRN CHC, PFI, SAi PFI FRE FRE FRE CHC, FRE, PFI, SAi SAI CHC, FRE, SAI FRE, PFI CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI, SAI CHC, FRE, RID BRN,CHC,FRE CCO, MAZ, SAi BRN, CHC, PFI CHC, MAZ, WHI FRE,MAZ PFI BRN, CHC, PFI zoo BRN BRN BRN BRN ANM,MAZ BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN

P ASSIFORME S-Continued Species MAMMALIA MARSUPIALIA Caluromys lanatus Didelphis marsupialis Didelphis virginiana Distoechurus pennatus Dorcopsis veterum • Lagostroplms fasciatus Lutreolina carssicaudata **Macropus sp. Marmosa cinerea Marmosa mitis Marmosa mitis Marmosa sp. Metachirus nudicaudatus Phalanger maculatus Phalanger orientalis Philander opossum •, ••See Explanation, p. 34. Common Name Finch, strawberry Finch, zebra Goldfinch, European Jay Jay, Inca Jay, laughing Jay, pega Oriole Robin, pekin Starling, long-tailed glossy Starling, plum-headed Starling, purple glossy Starling, wattled Tanager Thrush, blue rock whistling Thrush, dama Thrush, dyhal Thrush, shama Waxbill, black cheek pink Waxbill, blue-breasted Waxbill, blue cap Waxbill, cordon bleu Waxbill, lavender Waxbill, purple grenadier Waxbill, red-eared Waxbill, rosy rump Waxbill, St. Helena Opossum, woolly Opossum, American Opossum, large American Phalanger, pen-tailed Wallaby, New Guinean forest Wallaby, banded hare Opossum, little water Kangaroo Opossum, murine Opossum, mouse Opossum, mouse / South American- Baranquilla Opossum, South American mouse Opossum, four-eyed Cuscus Cuscus Opossum, gray "four-eyed" Code BRN BRN BRN MAZ FRE,TAR FRE CHC,FRE BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN ANM, BRN, FRE BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN BRN CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR CHC, FRE, HAI, PFI, RID, TAR, TOT, ZOO ANM, MAZ, RID, SAi FRE HER FRE RID MAZ, ZOO CHC, FRE, MAZ, RID, TAR FRE, PFI, RID TAR CHC, FRE, LOK, RID , SAi, ZOO CHC, FRE, RID, TAR,ZOO ZOF ZOF FRI, PFI, RID, zoo 63

MARSUPIALIA-Contlnued Species Protemnodon eugenii Protemnodon agilis Thylogale stigmatica Trichosurus wlpecula Wallabia bicolor Wallabia eugenia INSECTIVORA Erinaceus europa.eus Erinaceus hlndel Erinaceus pruneri hlndel Erinaceus sp. Hemlechlnus aurltus Hemlechlnus aurltus collarls Hemlechinus sp. Paraechinus sp. *Solenodon parado:xus Suncus sp. DERMOPTERA Cynocephalus sp. CHIROPTERA Artibeus sp. Desmodus rotunda Eptesicus fuscus Myotis lucifugus PteroJXls vampyrus PRIMATES Species Tupa.Udae Tupaia glis Tupa.la glis Tupa.la glls Tupa.la glis Tupa.la glis Tupa.la glis Lemurldae • Lemur catta •Lemur fulws *Lemur macaco •Lemur mongoz •Lemur sp. •See Explanation, p. 34. 64 Common Name Wallaby, Parma Wallaby Wallaby, red-legged scrub Phalanger, vulpine Wallaby, swamp Wallaby, tammar Hedgehog, Eurasian Hedgehog, East African Hedgehog, African Hedgehog Hedgehog, Pakistani long-eared Hedgehog, Pakistan Hedgehog, Pakistan Hedgehog, Asiatic Solenodon Shrew, musk Lemur, flying Bat, Mexican fruit Bat, vampire Bat, big brown Bat, little brown "Fox," flying or fruit bat Common Name Country of Origin Tree shrew ·Bangkok, Thailand Tree shrew Burma, Thailand, Singapore, Asia Tree shrew Isthmus of Kra Tree shrew Southeast Asia Tree shrew Thailand Tree shrew Lemur, ring-tailed Madagascar Lemur, brown Madagascar Lemur, acoumba (black) Madagascar Lemur, mongoose Madagascar Lemur Code RID FRE FRE FRE, PFI, ZOF BRN, PFI BRN, PFI, RID CHC, FRE, INT, RID, ZEE, ZOO RID INT, RID MAZ ZOF INT, RID CHC,RID,ZOO FRE ZEE MAZ zoo zoo zoo MAZ, NIC, ZOO MAZ, NIC, STE, zoo FRE Code CHC, FRE, RID, WAC RID PRM, RID PRL, RID, WAC, zoo FRE, INT, JEJ, RID PFI, SAi FRE, INT, RID RID INT FRE, RID MAZ, ZEE

Lemuridae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Not designated: •Lemur Madagascar FRE Lorisidae Arctocebus calabarensis Angwantibo RID Galago crassicaudatus Gal ago, greater or Kenya; East Africa CHC, FRE, INT, thick-tailed RID Galago crassicaudatus Galago, greater or Kenya; West Africa; RID thick-tailed Dahomey; Sierra Leone; Liberia Galago crassicaudatus Galago, greater or Kenya PRL thick-tailed Galago crassicaudatus Galago, greater or Zanzibar, Tanzania FRE, PRM, RID thick-tailed Galago crassicaudatus Galago, greater or BRN, FRE, RID thick-tailed Galago demidovil Galago, dwarf Africa BRN, RID Galago demidovli Galago, dwarf Dahomey; West Africa CHC, INT Galago demidovli Galago, dwarf West Africa RID Galago senegalensis Galago, lesser (also Africa RID, ZOO bushbaby) Galago senegalensis Gal ago, lesser (also Kenya; East Africa CHC, FRE, INT, bushbaby) RID Galago senegalensis Galago, lesser (also Northeast Africa RID bushbaby) Galago senegalensis Galago, lesser (also Sierra Leone or Liberia RID bushbaby) Galago senegalensis Galago, lesser West Africa; Sierra RID Leone;Liberia;Botswana Galago sp. Galago, bushbaby FRE, RID Loris tardigradus Loris, slender Asia FRE, RID, ZOO Loris tardigradus Loris, slender BRN, INT Nycticebus coucang Loris, slow Asia FRE, RID, ZOO Nycticebus coucang Loris, slow Bangkok, Thailand FRE, RID Nycticebus coucang Loris, slow Burma; Thailand; RID Singapore; Asia Nycticebus coucang Loris, slow Isthmus of Kra, Thailand PRM, RID Nycticebus coucang Loris, slow Thailand CHC, INT, RID, WAC Nyctlcebus coucang Loris, slow BRN, PFI Nycticebus sp. Loris, slow SAi Perodicticus potto Potto West Africa CHC, INT, RID, zoo Perodicticus potto Potto BRN, PFI, RID Callitrichidae *Callimico goeldii Marmoset, Geoldi's Colombia FDI *Callimico goeldli Marmoset, Geoldi's PFI, SAi *Callimico goeldii Marmoset, Goeldi's Iquitos, Peru CHC,FRE Calllthrix argentata Marmoset, black-tailed Brazil CHC, FRE, RID silvery Callithrix aurita Marmoset, white-eared Brazil CHC,FRE Callithrix chrysoleuca Marmoset, silky Brazil FRE, RID Callithrix jacchus Marmoset, common Brazil FRE, RID, TRE, WAC Callithrix penicillata Marmoset, black-eared Brazil FRE, RID Callithrix sp. Marmoset Brazil FRE,TRE Callithrix sp. Marmoset Central and South PRL *See Explanation, p. 34. America 65

Callitrichidae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Callithrix sp. Marmoset Ecuador, Peru ANM Callithrix sp. Marmoset Guyana; Brazil; RID Colombia; Peru Callithrix sp. Marmoset BRN, MAZ , SAi Cebuella pygmaea Marmoset, pygmy Colombia FRE, INT Cebuella pygmaea Marmoset, pygmy Iquitos, Peru CHC,FRE Cebuella pygmaea Marmoset, pygmy Leticia, Colombia TAR Cebuella pygmaea Marmoset, pygmy South America RID, ZOO Cebuella pygmaea Marmoset, pygmy ANM Hape.le leucopus Marmoset, white-footed HER • Leontideus rosalia Marmoset, golden lion South America INT Saguinus fuscicollis Tamarin, brown-headed Iquitos, Peru CHC,FRE Saguinus fuscicollis Tamarin Leticia, Colombia TAR Saguinus fuscicollis Tamarin PFI Saguinus lagonotus Tamarin, hare-lipped South America; Leticia, TAR Colombia Saguinusleucopus Tamarin, white'-footed Colombia HER, RID, TAR Saguinus mystax Tamarin, white- Iquitos, Peru FRE, RID moustached Saguinus mystax Tamarin, white- Leticia, Colombia RID, TAR moustached Saguinus mystax Tantarin, white- PFI, RID, WAC moustached Saguinus nigricollis Tamarin, black and red Leticia, Colombia RID, TAR Saguinus nigricollis Tamarin, black and red Peru CHC,FRE Saguinus oedipus Pinche, cottontop Barranquilla, Colombia TAR Saguinus oedipus Pinche, cottontop Colombia BRP,CHC,FRE, INT, RID, WAC, ZOF,ZOO Saguinus oedipus Pinche, cottontop Peru INT Saguinus sp. Tamarin Central and South America PRL Saguinus sp. Tamarin Peru ANM Tamarinus nigricollis Marmoset, black-necked Peru INT moustached Cebidae Alouatta belzebul Monkey, red-handed howler SAi Alouatta seniculus Monkey, red howler Central and South America PRL Alouatta seniculus Mokney, red howler Colombia CHC,FRE Alouatta seniculus Monkey, red howler Leticia, Colombia TAR Alouatta seniculus Monkey, red howler South America INT Alouatta seniculus Monkey, red howler PFI Alouatta villosa Monkey, mantled howler Honduras CHC, FRE, SAi (=A. palliata) Alouatta sp. Monkey, howler South America ANM Alouatta sp. Monkey, howler zoo Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli,night monkey Barranquilla and INT, RID, TAR Leticia, Colombia Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey Central and South America PRL Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey Colombia BRP, FDI Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey Peru BRP,CHC,FRE, RID Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey Peru, Colombia, Guyana RID Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey South America FRE, INT, RID, TRE,WAC, ZOO Aotus trivirgatus Douroucouli, night monkey BRN, PFI, RID Ateles b. belzebuth Monkey, black variegated Colombia BRP, CHC, FRE, •See Explanation, p. 34. spider RID 66

Cebidae-Contlnued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Ateles b. belzebuth Monkey, black variegated Iquitos, Peru RID spider Ateles b. belzebuth Monkey, black variegated Leticia and RID, TAR spider Barranquilla, Colombia Ateles b. belzebuth Monkey, black variegated PFI, SAi spider Ateles b. jubrodis Monkey, brown spider PFI, RID Ateles fusciceps Monkey,brown-headed Barranquilla, Colombia RID, TAR Ateles fusciceps Monkey, brown-headed Colombia CHC, FRE, RID ** Ateles geoffroyi Monkey, black-handed Colombia FDI spider ** Ateles geoffroyi Monkey, black-handed Colombia BRP spider **Ateles geoffroyi Monkey, black-handed PFI, SAi spider Ateles paniscus Monkey, black spider Iquitos, Peru CHC, FRE, RID Ateles paniscus Monkey, black spider Leticia, Colombia RID, TAR Ateles paniscus Monkey, black spider Peru BRP, SAI Ateles sp. Monkey, spider Central and South America ANM, CHC, FRE, INT, JEJ, PRL, RID, TRE Ateles sp. Monkey, spider BRN, MAZ, ZOO *Cacajao rubicundus Uakari, red Iquitos, Peru FRE *Cacajao rubicundus Uakari, red Leticia, Colombia TAR *Cacajao rubicundus Uakari, red South America CHC, FRE, INT, SAI, ZOO Callicebus moloch cupreus Monkey, dusky titi Leticia, Colombia INT, TAR Callicebus moloch cupreus Monkey, dusky titi Peru BRP Callicebus moloch cupreus Monkey, dusky titi South America RID Callicebus moloch cupreus Monkey, dusky titi PFI, RID Callicebus torquatus Monkey, widow South America, Leticia, TAR Colombia Callicebus sp. Monkey, titi BRN, CHC, FRE, RID, SAi Cebus albifrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail Barranquilla, Colombia RID, TAR Cebus albifrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail Central and South America PRL Cebus albifrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail Colombia FDI Cebus albifrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail Peru, Colombia CHC, RID, WAC Cebus alblfrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail South America BRP, FRE, INT, RID, WAC Cebus albifrons Monkey, cinnamon ringtail BRN, PFI, SAi Cebus a. aequatoriales Monkey, brown capuchin SAi Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted , Brazil CHC capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Central and South America PRL capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Colombia BRP, FDI capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Leticia, Colombia RID, TAR capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Paraguay CHC, FRE, RID capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Paraguay; Brazil; Peru; RID capuchin Colombia Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Peru CHC, FRE, RID capuchin **Some subspecies of this animal are endangered. See Explanation, p. 34. 67

Cebidae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted Peru, Colombia JEJ, RID, WAC capuchin Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted South America INT, RID, TRE, capuchin WAC Cebus apella Monkey, brown-tufted BRN, MAZ, PFI, capuchin RID, SAi, SHA Cebus capuchinus Monkey, white-throated Barranquilla, Colombia TAR capuchin Cebus capuchinus Monkey, white-throated Central and South PRL capuchin America Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated Colombia BRP capuchin Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated Guayaquil, Ecuador RID capuchin Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated Honduras and Colombia CHC, FRE, JEJ, capuchin RID Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated Leticia, Colombia RID capuchin Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated South America BRP, INT, RID, capuchin SDA, TRE, WAC Cebus capucinus Monkey, white-throated BRN, PFI capuchin Cebus capucinus Monkey, cebus South America, TAR Leticia, Colombia Cebus nigrivittatus Monkey, capuchin RID, WAC (=C. griseus) (weeper) Cebus nigrivittatus Monkey, capuchin South America ANM, FRE, RID, (=C. griseus) (weeper) TRE,ZOO Chiropotes satanas Saki, bearded black South America INT, SAi Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly Central and South PRL America Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly Colombia BRP Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly Iquitos, Peru CHC Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly Leticia, Colombia TAR Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly South America ANM, FRE, INT, JEJ, SDA, TRE, WAC, ZOO Lagothrix lagothricha Monkey, woolly BRN, MAZ, PFI, SAi Pithecia monachus Saki, monk Iquitos, Peru CHC Pithecia monachus Saki, monk Leticia, Colombia TAR Pithecia monachus Saki, monk South America SAi Pithecia pithecia Saki,pale-headed Colombia and INT South America Pithecia sp. Monkey, saki BRN,FRE,ZOO Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Colombia BRP, FDI Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Guyana RID Saimiri sciureus Monkey, gothic face squirrel Leticia, Colombia RID, TAR Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Peru BRP Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Peru; Colombia RID, WAC Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Peru; Colombia; CCO,CHC,FRE, Brazil PRL, RID Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Peru; Colombia; South SDA America Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Peru; Ecuador ANM Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel South America INT, TRE, WAC, wm, ZOF, zoo 68

Cebidae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Saimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel Surinam; Brazil; JEJ Colombia; Ecuador Salimiri sciureus Monkey, squirrel BRN, MAZ, PFI, RID, SAi, SHA Cercopithecidae Cercocebus albigena Mangabey,gray-cheeked RID Cercocebus atys Mangabey, sooty Liberia or Nigeria RID Cercocebus atys Mangabey, sooty West Africa CHC, RID Cercocebus atys Mangabey, sooty FRE , PFI, RID Cercocebus torquatus Mangabey, white-collared West Africa CHC, FRE, RID **Cercocebus sp. Mangabey Freetown, Sierra Leone PRM, RID **Cercocebus sp. Mangabey RID Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Africa RID, WAC, ZEE Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Asmara, Ethiopia PRM, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Dakar, Senegal PRM, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, East and West Africa CHC, FRE, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Ethiopia INT, JEJ, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Kenya INT, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Kenya or Highlands of RID Green Ethiopia Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda PRL Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Musoma, Tanzania PRM, RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, Somalia; Ethiopia, RID Green Kenya; Tanzania Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, West Africa RID Green Cercopithecus aethiops Guenon, Vervet, Grivet, HER, MAZ, PFI, Green RID, SHA Cercopithecus albogularis Guenon, Syke's monkey East Africa CHC, FRE, RID Cercopithecus albogulari s Guenon, Syke's monkey Kenya INT, RID Cercopithecus albogularis Guenon, Syke' s monkey BRN, RID Cercopithecus ascanius Guenon, red-tail Uganda RID Cercopithecus ascanius Guenon, red-tail RID Cercopithecus ascanius Guenon, Schmidt's Uganda INT schmidti spot-nose Cercopithecus cephus Guenon, moustached BRN, RID Cercopithecus diana Guenon, diana West Africa CHC, FRE, RID Cercopithecus diana Guenon, diana BRN, PFI, RID Cercopithecus diana Guenon, roloway RID roloway Cercopithecus erythrotis Guenon, Sclater' s Uganda RID sclateri Cercopithecus hamlyni Guenon, Hamlyn's RID Cercopithecus mitis Guenon, Stuhlmann' s Northeast Africa INT stuhlmanni blue Cercopithecus mona Guenon, mona Cameroons RID Cercopithecus mona Guenon, mona Dahomey or Nigeria RID Cercopithecus mona Guenon, mona West Africa CHC, RID Cercopithecus mona Guenon, mona BRN, RID **See Explanation, p. 34. 69

Cerco;eithecidae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Cercopithecus neglectus Guenon, DeBrazza Gabon; Uganda RID Cercopithecus neglectus Guenon, DeBrazza Northeast Africa INT, RID Cercopithecus nictitans Guenon, spot-nosed East and West Africa BRN, CHC, RID Cercopithecus nictitans Guenon, spot-nosed PFI, RID Cercopithecus petaurista Guenon, lesser spot-nosed RID Cercopithecus sabeus Monkey, green Ethiopia INT, SHA Cercopithecus talapoin Talapoin Cameroons JEJ, RID 'Cercopithecus talapoin Talapoin West Africa CHC, RID Cercopithecus talapoin Talapoin BRN, PFI, RID ••colobus badiutJ Colobus, black and red West Africa INT Colobus guereza Guereza Africa BRN (=C. abyssinicus) Colobus guereza matschei Colobus, black and white Kenya INT Colobus polykomos Colobus, king Africa INT Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas Africa BRN Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas Dakar, Senegal PRM Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas East Africa INT Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas Kenya PRL Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas West Africa INT Erythrocebus patas patas Monkey, patas FRE, HER, PFI, RID, SAi, SHA, TRE Macaca arctoides Macaque, stump-tailed Bangkok, Thailand RID, WAC (=M. speciosa) Macaca arctoides Macaque, stump-tailed Isthmus of Kra, RID (=M. speciosa} Thailand Macaca arctoides Macaque, stump-tailed Thailand BRP, CHC, JEJ, (=M. speciosa) RID Macaca arctoides Macaque, stump-tailed Thailand and India RID (=M. speciosa) Macaca arctoides Macaque, stump-tailed BRN, FRE, PFI, (=M. speciosa) RID, WAC Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Bangkok, Thailand RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, East Indies RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Malaya RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Manila, Philippines; RID, WAC (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Bangkok, Thailand Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Northern Malaya and RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Mindanao, Philippines Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Philippines RID, TRE (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating, Southeast Asia; PRL (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Philippines Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating Thailand CHC, JEJ, RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating Thailand, Malaysia, BRP, INT, RID (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java Philippines Macaca fascicularis Macaque, crab-eating BRN, PFI, SHA, (=M. irus) cynamolgus, Java WAC Macaca fuscata Macaque,Japanese RID Macaca maurus Macaque, Moor Malaysia; Cele bes Island CHC, RID Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus Delhi, India JEJ, RID Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus India BRP, IFT, INT, PRL, PRM, RID ••see Explanation, p. 34. VIT 70

Cerco2ithecidae-Continued Species Common Name Country of Origin Code Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus India; Chittagong, East RID Pakistan Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus India and West Pakistan RID Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus New Delhi, India RID, WAC Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus Paldstan and India RID Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus Thailand CHC, RID, Macaca mulatta Macaque, rhesus BRN, FRE, MAZ, PFI, RID, SHA, TRE, WAC, ZEE Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Bangkok, Thailand RID Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Bangkok, Thailand; RID, WAC Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed India; Burma PRL Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Malaya RID Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Southern Malaya PRM, RID Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Thailand BRP, CHC, JEJ, RID Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed Thailand and Malaysia WAC Macaca nemestrina Macaque, pig-tailed BRN, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, SHA, ZEE Macaca radiata Macaque, bonnet BRN, IFT, INT, JEJ, PRM, RID, VIT, WAC, ZEE Macaca speciosa Monkey, stump-tailed India; Burma PRL Macaca speciosa Monkey, stump-tailed Thailand; India INT Macaca speciosa Monkey, stump-tailed MAZ, SAi, SHA .. Macaca sp. Monkey, macaque SAi, ZOF Mandrillus leucophaeus Drill RID Mandrillus sphinx Mandrill West Africa CHC, FRE, RID Mandrillus sphinx Mandrill BRN, MAZ Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive Arusha and Musoma, PRM, RID (=P. doguera) Tanzania Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive Cameroons RID (=P. doguera) Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive East Africa CHC, RID (=P. doguera) Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive Kenya PRL (=P. doguera) Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive Kenya and Tanzania INT, RID, WAC (=P. doguera) Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive West Africa CHC, RID (=P. doguera) Papio anubis Baboon, anubis or olive RID, TRE, WAC (=P. doguera) ZEE Papio cynocephalus Baboon, yellow Africa RID Papio cynocephalus Baboon, yellow Kenya PRL Papio cynocephalus Baboon, yellow SHA Papio hamadryas Baboon, hamadryas Africa BRN, FRE, RID Papio hamadryas Baboon, hamadryas Asmara, Ethiopia PRM, RID Papio hamadryas Baboon, hamadryas Ethiopia INT Papio hamadryas Baboon, hamadryas PFI, RID, SHA, TRE Papio papio Baboon, Guinea Africa BRN, SHA Papio papio Baboon, Guinea Dakar, Senegal INT, PRM, RID Papio ursinus Baboon, chacma RID (=P. comatus) **See Explanation, p. 34. 71

Cercopithecidae-Continued Species Papio sp. Papio sp. Presbytis cristatus Presbytis obscurus Presbytis sp. (incl. Semnopithecus) Presbytis sp. (incl. Semnopithecus) Theropithecus gelada Theropithecus gelada Pongidae *Gorilla gorilla • Gorilla gorilla **Gorilla sp. Hylobates agilis Hylobates hoolock Hylobates lar Hylobates lar Hylobates moloch **Hylobates sp. **Hylobates sp. **Hylobates sp. Pan troglodytes Pan troglodytes Pan troglodytes Pan troglodytes Pan troglodytes Pan troglodytes *Pongo pygmaeus Symphalangus syndactyl us Symphalangus syndactyl us Symphalangus syndactyl us Symphalangus syndactyl us EDENTATA Species **Bradypus sp. *, **See Explanation, p. 34. 72 Common Name Baboon Baboon Langur, silver leaf Langur, dusky leaf Langur La.ngur Gelada, common Gelada, common Gorilla, lowland and mountain Gorilla, lowland and mountain Gorilla Gibbon, agile or dark- handed Gibbon, hoolock Gibbon, white-handed Gibbon, white-handed Gibbon, silvery or wow-wow Gibbon Gibbon Gibbon Chimpanzee Chimpanzee Chimpanzee Chimpanzee Chimpanzee Chimpanzee Orang-utan Siamang Siamang Siamang Siamang Common Name Sloth, three-toed Country of Origin Africa Malaysia Malaysia and Southeast Asia Thailand Africa Ethiopia Africa Gabon Bangkok, Thailand Thailand Indonesia and Malaysia Southern Malaya Thailand Africa Dakar, Senegal; Free- town, Sierra Leone; Monrovia, Liberia Freetown, Sierra Leone Uganda; Tanzania West Africa Malaysia Malaysia and Southeast Asia Southeast Asia Code JEJ, RID, WAC MAZ,RFB INT INT CHC BRN, FRE, PFI, ZOF BRN CHC, INT, PRL, PRM, RID BRN, FRE, RID, SAi, TRE, ZEE RID MAZ,RFB WAC PFI INT, JEJ, RID WAC INT, JEJ PRM, ZEE CHC, RID BRN, SAi, TRE BRN, SDA, TRE PRM WAC PRL CHC, FRE, INT, JEJ, TRE, ZEE, ZOF JEJ, MAZ, RFB, SAi INT, MAZ CHC,FRE INT INT, RID, TRE PFI, SAi Code ANM, CHC, FRE, MAZ, RID, SAi

EDENTA TA-Continued Species Common Name Code Chaetophractus villosus Armadillo, hairy CHC,FRE Choloepus didactylus Sloth, two-toe\:i ANM,CHC,FRE, MAZ, PFI, RID, SAi, ZOO Cyclopes didactylus Anteater, silky PFI Dasypus novemcinctus Armadillo ANM, BRN, CHC, FRE, LOK, MAZ, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR,ZOO Echidna aculeata Anteater, spiny ZEE Myrmecopbaga tridactyla Anteater, giant CHC, FRE, RID, SAi, TAR, ZOO Tamandura tetradactyla Anteater, lesser ANM, CHC, PFI, SAi, TAR, ZOO Not designated: Armadillo, 9-banded APL PHOLIDOTA Manis javanica Pangolin, Malayan RID Manis tetradactyla Pangolin CHC,TRE,ZEE LAGOMORPHA Manis sp. Pangolin, Asian RID, SAi, ZOO Lepus californicus Jack "rabbit" ANM,MAZ Sylvilagus sp. Rabbit, cottontail ANM,MAZ RODENTIA Ammospermophilus barrisi Squirrel, antelope ground RID Aplodontia rufa Beaver, mountain or Sewellel RID, ZOO Atherurus africanus Porcupine, brush-tailed BRN, RID Callospermophilus lateralis Squirrel, golden-mantled ground RID, ZOO Castor canadensis Beaver FRE, RID, ZOO Cavia, porcellus Guinea pigs, see pages 25-29 GEL Chinchilla lanigera Chinchilla, South American RID C itellus harrisi Squirrel, antelope ground CHC,PET Citellus lateralis Squirrel, golden-mantled ground RID, SAi, ZOO Citellus tetraticaudus Squirrel, roundtail ground CHC, PET, RID Citellus tridecemlineatus Squirrel, 13-lined ground CHC, RID, TOT, wm, zoo Citellus variegatus Squirrel, rock LOK, PET, RID Citellus sp. Squirrel, ground LOK, MAZ, RID, TOT Coendou prehensilis Porcupine, prehensile-tailed BRN, CHC, MAZ, TAR,ZOO Coendou sp. Porcupine, South American tree PFI Crateromys schadenbergi Rat, bush-tailed cloud zoo Cuniculus pa.ca Paca ANM, BRN, CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR Cynomys ludovicianus Prairie dog, plains RID, wm **Cynomys sp. Prairie dog CHC, RID, ZOO Dasyprocta aguti Agouti, golden CHC,RID, SAi, TAR **See Explanation, p. 34. 73

RODENTIA-Continued Species Dasyprocta fuliginosa Dasyprocta sp. Dinomys branickii Dipodomys merriami Dipodomys spectabilis **Dipodomys sp. Dipus sp. Dolichotis patagona Erethizon dorsatum Eutamias sp. Funambulus tristiatus Gerbillus gerbillus Gerbillus gleadowi Glaucomys volans Glis glis Hydrochoerus capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Hydrochoerus sp. Hystrix cristate Hystrix indica Hystrix sp. La.riscus insignia Marmota monax Meriones unguiculatus Mesocricetus auratus Mus musculus Myocastor coypus Myoprocta sp. Myoprocta sp. Mystromys albicaudatus Neotoma albigula Neotoma lepida Ondatra zibethica Onychomys torridus Perognathus amplus Perognathus beileyi Perognathus penicillatus Peromyscus boylei Peromyscus eremicus Peromyscus maniculatus Pitymys pinetorum Rattus norvegicus Reithrodontomys megalotis Sciurus carolinensis Sciurus granatensis **Sciurus niger Sciurus variegatoides **Sciurus sp. Sigmodon hispidus **See Explanation, p. 34. 74 Common Name Agouti, common Agouti Paca, false, or pa.carana Rat, Merriam's kangaroo Rat, bannertailkangaroo Rat, kangaroo Jerboa Cavy, Patagonian Porcupine, North American Chipmunk, Western least SquirreJ, Asiatic striped palm Gerbil Gerbil, red afghan Squirrel, eastern flying Dormouse, common Capybara Capybara, water hog Capybara Porcupine, African crested Porcupine, African Porcupine, African crested Squirrel, Malayan black-striped Woodchuck or marmot Gerbil, Mongolian, see pages 24-25 Hamster, see pages 22-24 Mouse, laboratory, see pages 9-18 Nutria Acuchi Agouti, tailed Rat, white-tailed Rat, white-throated pack Rat, desert pack Muskrat Mouse,grasshopper Mouse, pocket Arizona Mouse, pocket, Bailey's Mouse, pocket desert Mouse, brush Mouse, cactus Mouse, deer Mouse, pine Rat, laboratory, see pages 19-22 Mouse, western harvest Squirrel, eastern gray Squirrel, red flame Squirrel, fox Squirrel, Central American silver and brown Squirrel Rat, cotton Code CBC, MAZ, RID, SAI,TAR ANM,BRN,FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, zoo RID PET, RID PET, RID PFI, RID, wm, zoo zoo CBC, RID RID, ZOO zoo RID SAi PFI CBC, MAZ, RID, SAi, TAR zoo BRN,CHC,FRE, PFI, SAi, TAR zoo ANM FRE PFI CBC, RID, ZOO PFI MAZ, RID, TOT, WHI, ZOO GEL, SAi GEL,LEM,MAZ GEL ANM, CBC, MAZ TAR CBC BAD PET MAZ MAZ, RID PET PET PET PET PET PET MAZ, PET MAZ GEL PET TAR,ZOO PFI, WHI ANM,MAZ,ZOO PFI MAZ PET, RID

RODENTIA-Continued Species Common Name Code Tamias striatus Chipmunk, eastern American wm, zoo Tamias sp. Chipmunk, wild RID, TOT Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Squirrel, eastern red zoo Not designated: Rat, hooded wm CETACEA Coryphaena hippirus Dolphin HML Not designated: Porpoise, fresh water white or pink ERT CARNIVORA **Acinonyx jubatus Cheetah CHC, RID Ailurus fulgens Panda, lesser FRE Alopex lagopis Fox, Arctic RID Amblonyx cinerea Otter, Oriental small ~lawed zoo Aonyx capensis Otter, African claw less FRE Aonyx cinerea Otter, small~lawed PFI Arctictis binturong Binturong FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, ZOO Arctonyx collaris Hog-badger RID Bassaricyon alleni Olingo PFI Bassaricyon sp. Olingo CHC,TAR Bassariscus astutus "Cat," ring-tailed or cacomistle LOK, PFI, RID, zoo Canis adustus Jackal, side-striped RID Canis aureus Jackal, Asiatic RID Canis dingo Dingo RID Canis latrans Coyote HAI, MAZ, RID **Canis lupus Wolf, gray or timber FRE, MAZ, RID *Chrysocyon brachyurus Wolf, maned CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, ZOF Crocuta crocuta Hyena, spotted CHC, PFI, RID Euarctos americanus Bear, American black RID Fells bengalensis Cat, leopard RID, SAi, ZOO Fells bieti Cat, desert RID **Felis concolor Cougar, mountain lion, puma CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, TAR Felis geoffroyi Cat, Geoffroy's CHC, FRE, RID Felis libyca Cat, African wild RID Felis marmorata Cat, marbled RID Felis nebulosa Leopard, clouded RID Felis nigripes Cat, African black-footed RID Felis onca Jaguar SAi Felis pajeros Cat, pampas RID Fells pardalis Ocelot ANM, CHC, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR **Fells serval Serval RID Fells silvestris Wildcat CHC, MAZ Felis temmincki Cat, golden RID Felis tigrina Cat, little spotted PFI Fells tigris Tiger SAi Felis viverrina Cat, fishing CHC, RID Fells wiedii Cat, margay CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR Fells yagouaroundi Jaguaroundi PFI, RID, ZOO Fennecus zerda Fox, fennec RID •, **See Explanation, p. 34. 75

CARNIVORA-Continued Species Grison sp~ Gulo gulo Helarctos malayanus Hemigalus derbyanus Herpailurus yaguarondi *Hyaena brunnea **Hyaena hyaena Lutra annectens Lutra canadensis Lutra per spic illata **Lutra sp. Lycaon pictus Lynx caracal Lynx lynx Lynx rufus Meles meles Melivora capensis Melursis ursinus Mephitis mephitis M ustelo furo *Mustela nigripes Mustela pitorius Mustela vison Mustela sp. Nasua harica Nasua nasua Nasua sp. **Neofelis nebulosa ••Neofelis sp. Noctifelis sp. Nyctereutes procyonoides Odobenus rosmarus divergens Otario byronia Otocyon megalotis Paguma larvata. **Panthera leo Panthera onca **Panthera pardus **Panthera tigris Panthera tigris longipillis **Panthera sp. Paradoxurua hermaphroditus Phoca vitulina •, **See Explanation, p. 34. 76 Common Name Grison Wolverine Bear, Malayan sun Civit, banded palm J aguaroundi Hyena, brown Hyena, striped Otter, South American Otter, Canadian Otter, smooth-coated Indian Otter Hunting dog, African or Cape Lynx, caracal Lynx, Siberian Bobcat Badger, Old World Ratel, or honey badger Bear, sloth Skunk Ferret Ferret, black-footed Polecat Mink, Eastern Weasel Coatimundi, gray Coatimundi, red Coatimundl Leopard, clouded Leopard, cat Margay Dog, Japanese raccoon Walrus Sea lion, South American maned Fox, African big-eared Civet, masked palm Lion Jaguar Leopard Tiger Tiger, Siberian Leopard Civet, palm Seal, harbor or hair Code BRN,CHC,FRE, SAi, TAR FRE, RID PFI, RID, ZOF PFI CHC, RID, SAi, TAR FRE, RID FRE, RID FRE, RID FRE, RID FRE, PFI, RID CHC, FRE, RID, SAi CHC, FRE, RID RID FRE MAZ,RID RID FRE, RID RID CHC, LOK, MAZ, RBY, RID, SAi TAR, TOT, WHI zoo HAI, MAZ, MRA, RBY HAI HAI MAZ MAZ CHC,MAZ,RID, SAi, TAR CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFl,RID, SAi, TAR,ZOO ANM, BRN, LOK, SAi FRE, RID ZOF SAi, TAR RID FRE BRN, CHC, FRE RID RID PFI CHC,FRE CHC, FRE, PFI, RID, TAR FRE, RID CHC, FRE, RID FRE ANM, CHC, FRE, RID PFI, ZOO FRE,ZOO

CARNIVORA-Continued Species Potos fiavus Prionodon linsang Procyon lotor Proteles cristatus *Pieronura brasiliensis Selenarctos thibetanus Speothos venatlcus Spilogale putorius Taxidea sp. Tayra barbara Tremarctos ornatus Uncia uncia Urocyon cinereoargenteus Urocyon sp. Viverra tanga.lunga Vulpes fulva Vulpes pallidus Zalophus californianus TUBULIDENTATA Orycteropus afer PROBOSCIDEA Elephas maximus Loxodonta africana HYRACOIDEA Heterohyrax syriacus Hyrax capensis PERISSODACTYLA **Ceratotherium simum Diceros bicornis *Equus asinus africanus Equus burchelli Equus burchelli antiquorum •, **See Explanation, p. 34. Common Name Kinkajou Linsang, banded Raccoon Aardwolf Otter, giant Bear, Asiatic black Bush dog Skunk, spotted Badger, American Tayra Bear, spectacled Leopard, snow Fox, eastern gray Fox,gray Civet, Oriental Fox, red Fox, pale Sea lion, California Not designated: Bears, various species Dog, prairie **Fox Aardvark Elephant, Indian Elephant,African Hyrax, rock Hyrax, Cape Rhinoceros, white or square-lipped Rhinoceros, African black Ass, Nubian Zebra, Grant's Zebra, Damara Code ANM, BRN, CHC, FRE, MAZ, PFI, SAi, TAR, ZOF, zoo PFI ANM, CHC, FRE, HAI, LOK, MAZ, PFI, RBY, RID, SAi, TAR, ZOO RID FRE,TAR PFI, RID CHC,TAR CHC, MAZ, RID zoo FRE, RID BRN,CHC,FRE, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR,ZOO CHC RID zoo CHC, MAZ, RID, TAR PFI, ZOO CHC, HAI, RBY, RID, ZOO CHC,FRE,MAZ CHC, FRE, RID, zoo TOT LOK LOK CHC, FRE, RID CHC, FRE, PFI, SAi, TOT FRE CHC, FRE, RID CHC, RID, ZOO FRE, INT FRE, INT INT FRE FRE, INT 77

PERISSODACTYLA-Continued Species Equus burchelli bohmi Equus caballus Equus grevyi *Equus hemionus hemionus Equus hemionus onager Equus przewalskii Equus zebra Equus zebra hartmannae *Tapirus bairdii Tapirus indicus Tapirus roulini *Tapirus terrestris • *Tapirus sp. ARTIODACTYLA •• Aeopyceros melampus Alcelaphus buselaphus cokii Alces americana americana Ammotragus lervia •• Antilocapra americana Antilope cervicapra Auchenia glama Axis axis Axis pore inus Beatragus hunteri **Bison bison Bison bonasus *Bos banteng banteng *Bos banteng birmanicus Bos frontalis *Bos gaurus **Bos grunniens *Bos sauveli Bubalus bubalis Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius Capra ibex nubiana Cephalophus silvicultor Cephalophus zebra Cervus canadensis *Cervus duvauceli Cervus nippon Cervus nippon taiouanus Choeropsis liberiensis Connochaetes gnou Connochaetes taurinus **Dama dama **Dama sp. Damaliscus albifrons * *Gazella sp. •, ** See Explanation, p. 34. 78 Common Name Zebra, East African Pony (POA), small, bred for size Zebra, Grevy' s Ass, Mongolian Onager Horse, Mongolian wild Zebra, mountain Zebra, Hartmann's mountain Tapir, Baird's Tapir, Malayan Tapir, woolly Tapir, Brazilian Tapir Not designated: Donkey, pygmy Impala Hartebeest, Coke's Moose, American Barbary sheep or aoudad Antelope, pronghorn Black buck Llama, South American Deer, axis Deer, Asian hog Antelope, Hunter's Bison, American Wisent, European Banteng, Javan Banteng, Burmese Gayal Gaur Yak Kouprey Buffalo, Asiatic water Camel, two-humped Camel, one-humped Ibex, Nubian Duiker, light-backed Antelope, Zebra Elk, American Deer, barasingha or swamp Deer, sika (spotted form) Sika, Formosa Hippopotamus, pygmy Gnu, white-tailed Gnu, white-bearded Deer, fallow Deer, fallow Blesbok Gazelle, 8 species Code INT FRE FRE, INT INT INT INT FRE INT INT, PFI FRE, INT INT CHC, FRE, INT, PFI, RID, SAi, TAR BRN, FRE, PFI, RID FRE INT INT INT INT, RID INT CHC, FRE, INT, RID, SAi, ZOO FRE, RID, ZOO FRE, INT, ZOO INT INT FRE, INT, RID INT INT INT INT INT FRE, INT, RID INT FRE, INT, RID INT FRE , INT, RID INT INT INT FRE, RID INT FRE , INT, RID INT INT, RID INT INT FRE, INT, ZOO FRE, RID INT INT

ARTIODACTYLA-Continued Species Giraffa camelopardalis capensis Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi Hippopotamus amphibius Hippotragus equinus Hyemoschus aquaticus aquaticus Kobus defassa Kobus ellipsiprymnus Lama glama Lama guanacoe Lama pa.cos Mazama americana Neotragus pygmaeus Odocoileus couesi Odocoileus hemionus **Odocoileus virginianus Odocoileus virginianus borealis Odocoileus virginianus osceola Oreotragus oreotragus Oryx beisa beisa .. Oryx sp. Ourebia ourebia Ovibos moschatus Ovis canadensis Ovis dalli Ovis musimon Ovis orientalis Rangifer tarandus tarandus Redunca fulvorufula. Sylvicapra grimmia Syncerus caffer Syncerus nanus nanus Taurotragus oryx Tayassu sp. Tragelaphus angasii Tragelaphus strepsiceros Tragelaphus sp. Tragulus javanicus Tragulus meminna Tragulus napu **See Explanation, p. 34. Common Name Giraffe, Cape Giraffe, reticulated Giraffe, Baringo Giraffe, Masai Hippopotamus Antelope, roan Chevrotain, water Waterbuck, defassa Waterbuck, common Llama Guanaco Alpaca Deer, brocket Antelope, pygmy Deer, Arizona white-tailed Deer, mule Deer, white-tailed or Virginia Deer, northern white-tailed Deer, Florida white-tailed Klipspringer Beisa Oryx, 4 species Oribi, Gambian Musk ox Sheep, bighorn Sheep, Dall Sheep, mouflon Mouflon, Asiatic Reindeer, Scandinavian Reedbuck, mountain Duiker, gray Buffalo, African Buffalo, red Eland Peccary Nyala Kudu Bushbuck, 2 species Deer, Asiatic mouse Chevrotatn Chevrotain, large Malayan Not designated: Deer, Costa Rican **Deer, various species Goat Goat, pygmy Sheep Code INT INT INT INT FRE , INT , RID INT INT INT INT CHC, FRE, INT, RID CHC, FRE, INT, RID, SAi INT FRE, INT, SAi INT INT FRE , INT, RID RID INT INT INT INT INT INT INT INT INT FRE , INT, RID INT INT INT INT FRE, INT INT INT FRE, RID, ZOO INT INT INT INT INT INT FRE TOT zoo CHC, FRE, RID TOT 79

111 FLUIDS, TISSUES, ORGANS