Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
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Appendix H
Updated Systematic Reviews
TABLE H-1 Example of Updated Systematic Reviews Related to Diet-related Metabolic Diseases Used by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committeea
| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and growth, size, body composition, and/or risk of overweight or obesity? | 2014 | Systematic evidence scan (Adults) and update to an existing systematic (p. 68) | New Full text screened = 2,948 Articles excluded = 2,651 Articles included e-dbase = 297 m = 4 Overweight/obesity - 88 2014 Review 14 studies included |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
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| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and risk of cardiovascular disease? | 2014 | Systematic evidence scan (Adults) and update to an existing systematic (p. 86) | Full text screened = 2,948 Articles excluded = 2,651 Articles included e-dbase = 297 m = 4 CVD - 190 2014 55 studies included CVD - 29 CHD - 16 Stroke - 10 MI - 4 HF - 3 HTN - 3 Blood Lipids - 3 |
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and risk of type 2 diabetes? | 2014 | Systematic evidence scan (Adults) and update to an existing systematic (p. 46) | Full text screened = 2,948 Articles excluded = 2,651 Articles included e-dbase = 297 m = 4 DM - 72 2014 Dietary patterns SRs Total selected = 347 Total included = 37 |
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and risk of certain types of cancer? | 2015 | The systematic review described in this document updates existing systematic reviews (p. 213) | Full text screened = 112 Articles excluded = 61 Articles included e-dbase = 51 m = 0 Breast cancer = 26 Colorectal cancer = 24 Lung cancer = 8 Prostate cancer = 8 2015 Full text screened = 82 Excluded = 30 Articles included = 52 Articles included for breast cancer = 26 Colorectal cancer = 22 Lung cancer = 4 Prostate cancer = 7 |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
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| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and bone health? | 2015 | The systematic review described in this document updates existing systematic reviews (p. 28) | Full text screened = 165 Articles excluded = 156 Articles included e-dbase = 9 m = 0 2015 Full text screened = 27 Excluded = 14 Included = 13 |
| What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and neurocognitive health? | 2015 | The systematic review described in this document updates existing systematic reviews (p. 49) | Full text screened = 165 Articles excluded = 156 Articles included e-dbase = 9 m = G8 2015 Full text screened = 85 Full text articles excluded = 38 Articles included n = 47 Depression = 19 Cognitive impairments, dementia and Alzheimer’s = 30 |
| What is the relationship between the duration, frequency, and volume of exclusive human milk and/or infant formula consumption and overweight and obesity? | 2017 | Existing and update (pp. 108–118) | Full text screened = 2,977 Articles excluded = 2,952 Articles included = 27 (e-dbase = 25 m = 2) Update search Full text screened = 629 Articles excluded = 614 Articles included e-dbase = 15 m = 0 |
| What is the relationship between the duration, frequency, and volume of exclusive human milk and/or infant formula consumption and nutrient status? | Not addressed since this systematic review does not specifically relate to diet-related metabolic conditions | ||
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beverage Consumption and Growth, Size, Body Composition, and Risk of Overweight and Obesity | 2015 | Update to the existing systematic review (p. 333) | Full text screened = 1,252 Articles excluded = 1,111 Articles included = 152 (e-dbase = 141 m = 11) Included: Milk = 62; Juice = 42; SSB = 72; LNC SB = 37; SSB versus LNC SB = 8 Original Full text screened = 757 Articles excluded = 642 Articles included = 49 Included: Juice = 6, SSB = 5 articles, |
| What is the relationship between alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality? | 2010 | Update to the existing systematic review (p. 89) | Full text screened = 358 Articles excluded = 299 Articles included = 60 (e-dbase = 59 m = 1) 2010 not available |
| What is the relationship between added sugars consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease? | 2015 | Updates an existing systematic review (p. 51) | Full text screened = 231 Articles excluded = 208 Articles included = 23 (e-dbase = 23 m = 0) 2015 Full text articles screened = 98 Articles excluded = 75 Studies included = 23 |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is the relationship between types of dietary fat consumed and risk of cardiovascular disease? | 2010 2015 |
Updates an existing systematic review Added studies in children from January 1990 to October 2019 and studies in adults from January 2010 to October 2019 |
Full text screened = 1,326 Articles excluded = 1,103 Articles included = 228 (e-dbase = 223 m = 5) 2010 Specific Fats, Fatty Acids and Cholesterol-Monosaturated Fatty Acids on Health Outcomes Full text screened = 65 Articles excluded = 41 Articles included = 24 Dietary cholesterol intake on risk of cardiovascular Total number of articles identified = 16 (3 review and 13 primary) Plant n-3 fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease Total number of articles identified = 22 (4 review and 21 primary) Seafood n-3 fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease Total number of articles identified = 22 (4 review and 21 primary) Saturated fat intake on increased risk of cardiovascular disease or type 2 DM Total number of articles identified = 24 (4 review and 20 primary) |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
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| Systematic Review Question | Original Date of Systematic Review | Type of Update Decision | Number of New Articles Included Compared to Previous Systematic Review |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 Regarding saturated fat, question 5 was answered using the NHLBI systematic review and related AHA/ACC Guideline on Lifestyle Management to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk, which focused on RCTs, as well as existing SRs and MA addressing this question published in peer-reviewed literature between January 2009 and August 2014. Particular emphasis was placed on reviews that examined the macronutrient replacement for saturated fat. (Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, p. 332) |
NOTE: ACC = American College of Cardiology; AHA = American Heart Association; CHD = coronary heart disease; CVD = cardiovascular disease; DGAC = Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee; DM = diabetes mellitus; HF = heart failure; HTN = hypertension; LNCSB = low- or no-calorie sweetened beverage; MA = meta-analysis; MI = myocardial infarction; NHLBI = National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; RCT = randomized controlled trial; SR = systematic review; SSB = sugar-sweetened beverage.
a The Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee indicated that they used content from 16 existing systematic reviews, but from reviewing the 2020 DGAC systematic reviews reports only these 11 were identified as being updated existing systematic reviews.
SOURCE: This table was created based on the committee’s interpretation of information presented within the individual systematic reviews.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Updated Systematic Reviews." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26406.
×
