Design Guidelines for Test Level 3 through Test Level 5 Roadside Barrier Systems Placed on Mechanically Stabilized Earth Retaining Walls (2022)

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308 25. Campise, W.L. and C.E. Buth. Performance Limits of Longitudinal Barrier Systems, Volume III-Appendix B: Details of Full-Scale Crash Tests on Longitudinal Barriers. Performed for the Federal Highway Administration, Performed by the Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, February 1986. 26. Alberson, D.C., R.A. Zimmer and W.L. Menges. NCHRP Report 350 Compliance Test 5-12 of the 1.07 m Vertical wall Bridge Railing. Report to Federal Highway Administration, Texas Transportation Institute, January 1997. 27. Polivka, K.A., R.K. Faller, J.C. Holloway, J.R. Rohde, and D.L. Sicking. Development, Testing, and Evaluation of NDOR’s TL-5 Aesthetic Open Concrete Bridge Rail. MwRSF Report No. TRP-03-148-04, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2005. 28. Rosenbaugh, S.K., D.L. Sicking, and R.K. Faller. Development of a TL-5 Vertical Faced Concrete Median Barrier Incorporating Head Ejection Criteria. MwRSF Report No. TRP- 03-194-07, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2007. 29. Buth, C. E. and W.L. Menges. MASH Test 5-12 of the Schöck ComBAR Parapet. Performed for Competence Center ComBARSchöck Bauteile GmbH, Performed by the Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, March 2011. 30. Buth, C. E. and W.L. Menges. MASH Test 5-12 on the Ryerson Pultrall Parapet. Performed for Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada, Performed by the Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, February 2012. 31. Buth, C.E., T.J. Hirsh and W.L. Menges. Testing of New Bridge Rail and Transition Design- Volume XI: Appendix J: 42 in (1.07 m) F-Shape Bridge Railing. Report No. FHWA-RD-93- 068, Pooled Funds Bridge Rail Study, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., September 1993. 32. Buth, C.E., T.J. Hirsh and W.L. Menges. Testing of New Bridge Rail and Transition Design- Volume X: Appendix I: 42 in (1.07 m) Concrete Parapet Bridge Railing. Report No. FHWA- RD-93-067, Pooled Funds Bridge Rail Study, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., September 1993. 33. Olson, R., E. Post and W. McFarland. NCHRP Report 86: Tentative Service Requirements for Bridge Rail Systems. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 1970. 34. Hirsch, T.J. Longitudinal Barriers for Buses and Trucks State of the Art. Report No. FHWA/TX-86/32+416-2F, Performed for the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation, Performed by the Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, February 1986. 35. AASHTO Guide Specifications for Bridge Railings. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 1989.

309 36. Faller, R., D. Sicking, J. Larsen, J. Rohde, R. Bielenberg and K. Polivka. TL-5 Development of 42 in and 51 in Tall, Single-Faced, F-Shape Concrete Barriers. MwRSF Research Report No. TRP-03-149-04, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2005. 37. National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC). Finite Element Vehicle Models: Chevrolet C2500 Pickup. George Washington University, VA. http://www.ncac.gwu.edu/vml/ models.html, Accessed June 2008. 38. National Transportation Research Center, Inc. (NTRCI). Methodology for Validation and Documentation of Vehicle Finite Element Crash Models for Roadside Hardware Applications. University Transportation Center, Knoxville, TN. http://single-unit- truck.model.ntrci.org/description/. Accessed March 2011. 39. National Transportation Research Center, Inc. (NTRCI). Finite Element Models for SemitrailerTrucks. University Transportation Center, Knoxville, TN. http://thyme.ornl.gov/FHWA/TractorTrailer/index.cgi?model=1&navv=0. Accessed February 2011. 40. Polaxico, C., J. Kennedy, B.S. Simunovic and N. Zisi. Enhanced Finite Element Analysis Crash Model of Tractor-Trailers (Phase A). National Transportation Research Center, Inc., University Transportation Center, Knoxville, TN., 2008. 41. Polaxico, C., J. Kennedy, B.S. Simunovic and N. Zisi. Enhanced Finite Element Analysis Crash Model of Tractor-Trailers (Phase B). National Transportation Research Center, Inc., University Transportation Center, Knoxville, TN., 2008. 42. Murray, Y.D. User’s Manual for LS-DYNA Concrete Material Model 159. Publication FHWA-HRT-05-063, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, VA, 2007. 43. Abu-Odeh, A., K.M. Kim, W. Williams, E. Buth and C. Patten. Crash Wall Design for Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Retaining Wall Phase I: Engineering Analysis and Simulation. Sponsored by Roadside Safety Research Program Pooled Fund Study, Performed by the Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, November 2008. 44. Abu-Odeh, A. Application of New Concrete Model to Roadside Safety Barriers. The 9th International LS-DYNA User Conference, Dearborn, MI, June 04-06, 2006. 45. Crash Testing of a Precast Concrete Atop of a Reinforced Earth Wall: Technical Bulletin: MSE -8, The Reinforced Earth Company, October 1995. 46. Saez, D.O. Determination of Soil Properties of Sandy Soils and Road Base at Riverside Campus Using Laboratory Testing and Numerical Simulation. MS Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, May 2010, 229 p.

310 47. Elitok, K., Mehmet A.G., Bertan B. and Ulrich S. An Investigation on the Roll-Over Crashworthiness of an Intercity Coach, Influence of Seat Structure and Passenger Weight. The 9th International LS-DYNA User Conference, Dearborn, MI, June 04-06, 2006. 48. Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Highways, Streets, and Bridges, Texas Department of Transportation, 2004. 49. Briaud J.-L., Li Y. and Rhee K. BCD: A Soil Modulus Device for Compaction Control, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Reston, VA, Vol. 132, No. 1.