Selection and Placement Guidelines for Test Level 2 Through Test Level 5 Median Barriers (2022)

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59   References AASHO, Highway design and operational practices related to highway safety, Washington DC, 1967. AASHTO, Highway Design and Operational Practices Related to Highway Safety, Washington DC, 1974. AASHTO, Guide for selecting, locating, and designing traffic barriers, Washington, DC, 1977. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide, Washington, DC, 1989a. AASHTO, Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, Washington, DC, 1989b. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide, Washington DC, 1996. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide, Washington DC, 2002. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide (with updated Chapter 6), Washington, DC, 2006. AASHTO, Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Washington, DC, 2009. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide, Washington, DC, 2011. AASHTO, Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Washington, DC, 2016. ADOT, “Manual of Highway Geometric Design,” 1977. ADOT, “Median Barrier Summary Report,” 1999. ADOT, “Arizona Roadway Design Guidelines,” 2016. Bligh, Roger, NCHRP Project 22-22(02), “Effectiveness of Traffic Barriers on Non-Level Terrain,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2020a. Bligh, Roger P., NCHRP Project 17-11(02), “Development of Clear Recovery Area Guidelines,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2020b. Bligh, Roger P., Shaw-Pin Miaou, Dominic Lord, and Scott Cooner, “Median Barrier Guidelines for Texas,” Texas Transportation Institute, Federal Highway Administration, FHWA/TX-06/0-4254-1, College Station, TX, 2006. Blincoe, L. J., A. G. Seay, E. Zaloshnja, T. R. Miller, E. O. Romano, S. Luchter, R. S. Spicer, and Administration National Highway Traffic Safety, “The Economic Impact of Motor Vehicle Crashes, 2000,” 2002. Bronstad, M. E., and J. D. Michie, NCHRP Report 239: Multiple-Service-Level Highway Bridge Railing Selection Procedures, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 1981. Bronstad, M. E., and Jarvis Dale Michie, NCHRP Report 153: Recommended Procedures for Vehicle Crash Testing of Highway Appurtenances, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 1974. California Department of Transportation, Caltrans Traffic Manual, Chapter 7. http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/traffops/ engineering/safety-devices/docs/Median-Barrier.pdf Carrigan, C. E., M.H. Ray, T.O. Johnson, and A.M. Ray, “Run-off-road Crash Prediction Models for Each Edge of Undivided and Divided Roadways,” 2015a. Carrigan, Christine E., and Malcolm H. Ray, “Proposed Horizontal Curve and Vertical Grade Encroachment Adjustment Factors,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2521, 2015b. Carrigan, Christine E. and Malcolm H. Ray, NCHRP Project 17-54, “Consideration of Roadside Features in the Highway Safety Manual,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2018. Cooper, P. J., Analysis of Roadside Encroachments: Single Vehicle Run-off Accident Data Analysis for Five Provinces, Transport Canada, Road Motor Vehicle Traffic Safety Branch. Countermeasures Development, 1980. CTDOT, “Connecticut Highway Design Manual, Chapter 13 Roadside Safety,” 2003. FHWA, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways, 2009. Gabler, H. Clay, NCHRP Project 17-43, “Long-Term Roadside Crash Data Collection Program,” Forthcoming. Gabauer, Douglas, NCHRP Project 17-88, “Roadside Encroachment Database Development and Analysis,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, Forthcoming-b. Glennon, John C., and Thomas N. Tamburri, “Objective Criteria for Guardrail Installation,” Highway Research Record, No. 174, 1967.

60 Selection and Placement Guidelines for Test Level 2 Through Test Level 5 Median Barriers Graham, Jerry L., Douglas W. Harwood, Karen R. Richard, Mitchell K. O’Laughlin, Eric T. Donnell, and Sean N. Brennan, NCHRP Report 794: Median Cross-Section Design for Rural Divided Highways, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2014. Harwood, Douglas W., David K. Gilmore, Jerry L. Graham, Mitchell K. O’Laughlin, Alison M. Smiley, and Thomas P. Smahel, NCHRP Report 790: Factors Contributing to Median Encroachments and Cross-Median Crashes, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2014. Hughes, Warren E., NCHRP Project 17-14, “Improved Guidelines for Median Safety,” 2004. Hutchinson, John W., “The Significance and Nature of Vehicle Encroachments on Medians of Divided Highways,” 1962. Johnson, Nicholas S., Robert Thomson, and Hampton C. Gabler, “Improved Method for Roadside Barrier Length of Need Modeling Using Real-World Trajectories,” Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 80, 2015. Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Guidelines for Median Barrier Application on the Depressed Medians of Fully Controlled-Access Highways, 2006. Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Guidelines for Median Barrier Application on the Depressed Medians of Fully Controlled-Access Highways, 2008. Mak, K. K. and D. L. Sicking, NCHRP Report 492: Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP)—Engineer’s Manual, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2003. Maryland Department of Transportation, State Highway Administration, Guidelines for Traffic Barrier Placement and End Treatment Design, 2006. Marzougui, Dhafer, Umashankar Mahadevaiah, Fadi Tahan, Cing Dao Kan, Richard McGinnis, and Richard Powers, NCHRP Report 711: Guidance for the Selection, Use, and Maintenance of Cable Barrier Systems, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2012a. Marzougui, Dhafer and Kenneth S. Opiela, “Slope Rounding Influences on the Trajectories of Vehicles,” Presented at 91st Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2012b. Michie, J. D., NCHRP Report 230: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appur- tenances, Transportation Research Board, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Washington, DC, 1981. Michie, J. D. and M. E. Bronstad, NCHRP Report 118: Location, Selection, and Maintenance of Highway Traffic Barriers, Highway Research Board, Washington DC, 1971. Michie, J. D. and L. R. Calcote, NCHRP Report 54: Location, Selection, and Maintenance of Highway Guardrails and Median Barriers, Highway Research Board, Washington, DC, 1968. Miller, T. R., S. Luchter, and C. P. Brinkman, “Crash Costs and Safety Investment,” Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 21, No. 4, 1989. Monje, Carlos, Guidance on Treatment of the Economic Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) in U.S. Department of Transportation Analyses—2016 Adjustment, 2016. Newnan, Donald G., Engineering Economic Analysis, Engineering Press, San Jose, CA, 1977. Newnan, Donald G., Engineering Economic Analysis:(by) Donald G. Newnan, California, Engineering Press, 1976. NJDOT, “New Jersey Department of Transportation 2015 Roadway Design,” 2015. NTSB, “Highway Accident Report: Multiple Vehicle Crossover Accident, Slinger, Wisconsin, February 12, 1997,” 1998. NTSB, “Highway Accident Report: Truck-Tractor Semitrailer Median Crossover Collision with 15-Passenger Van, Munfordville, Kentucky, March 26, 2010,” 2011. NTSB, “Highway Accident Report: Truck-Tractor Double Trailer Median Crossover Collision with Motorcoach and Post-crash Fire on Interstate 5, Orland, California, April 10, 2014,” 2015. NTSB, “About the NTSB,” 2016. https://www.ntsb.gov/about/history/Pages/default.aspx Olson, Dave, Mark Sujka, and Brad Manchas, “Cable median barrier program in Washington State,” Washington State Department of Transportation, Design Policy Research, 2013. Ray, Brian L., Erin M. Ferguson, Julia K. Knudsen, Richard J. Porter, and John Mason, NCHRP Report 785: Performance-Based Analysis of Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2014. Ray, Malcolm H., NCHRP Project 15-65, “Development of Safety Performance Based Guidelines for the Roadside Design Guide,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, Forthcoming. Ray, Malcolm H. and Christine E. Carrigan, NCHRP Web-Only Document 307: Recommended Guidelines for the Selection of Test Levels 2 Through 5 Bridge Rails, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2021. Ray, Malcolm H. and Christine E. Carrigan, NCHRP Project 15-65, “Development of Safety Performance Based Guidelines for the Roadside Design Guide,” 2018. Ray, Malcolm H., Christine E. Carrigan, and C. A. Plaxico, NCHRP Project 22-27, “Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP) Update, Appendix B: Engineer’s Manual RSAP,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2012a. Ray, Malcolm H., Christine E. Carrigan, and Chuck A. Plaxico, “Roadside Safety Analysis Program, Version 3: Upgrading a Tool for Roadside Safety Design,” TR News, No. 282, 2012b.

References 61   Ross, H. E., D. L. Sicking, R. A. Zimmer, and J. D. Michie, NCHRP Report 350: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 1993. SDDOT, “South Dakota Department of Transportation, Road Design Manual, Chapter 10,” 2016. Sheikh, Nauman, Roger P. Bligh, D. Lance Bullard Jr., and Shaw-Pin Miaou, NCHRP Web-Only Document 296: Guidelines for Cost-Effective Safety Treatments of Roadside Ditches, Washington, DC, 2021 Sheikh, Nauman M., Roger P. Bligh, Sofokli Cakalli, and Shaw-Pin Miaou, NCHRP Project 17-55, “Guidelines for Traversability of Roadside Slopes,” Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2019. Sicking, D. L., F. D. de Albuquerque, and K. A. Lechtenberg, “Cable Median Barrier Guidelines,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2009a. Sicking, Dean L., NCHRP Project 22-14(02), “Improved Procedures for Safety-Performance Evaluation of Roadside Features,” 2008. Sicking, Dean L., NCHRP Project 17-22, “Identification of Vehicular Impact Conditions Associated with Serious Ran-Off-Road Crashes,” 2009b. TXDOT 2014b, Texas Roadway Design Manual. WSDOT, “Washington State Department of Transportation, Design Manual,” 2001. WSDOT, “Cable Median Barrier: Reassessment and Recommendations,” 2007. WSDOT, “Cable Median Barrier: Reassessment and Recommendations,” 2009. WSDOT, “Design Manual M22-01.12,” 2015. Zegeer, C. V., J. Hummer, D. Reinfurt, L. Herf, W. Hunter, Goodell-Grivas Incorporated, Federal Highway Administration, and Transportation Research Board, “Safety Effects of Cross-Section Design for Two-Lane Roads,” Federal Highway Administration, FHWA/RD-87/008, Washington, DC, 1987.