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66 C H A P T E R 6 Integrate the Roadmap With Other Plans The roadmap needs to align with and be integrated into other airport plans. This integration is a necessary element of the internal decision-making related to the implementation of the roadmap. This chapter discusses the interconnection with other airport plans to support the roadmap and where the roadmap can support other airport planning. Airports develop and maintain a number of required, recommended, and best-practice plans, varying with the size and complexity of an airport. The roadmap needs to be integrated into those plans. ACRP Research Report 188âs Chapter 4 provides strategies for integrating climate risks into airport plans. Similar strategies should be employed to incorporate energy resiliency risks and roadmap- identified actions into the airportâs other plans and processes. Figure 6-1 depicts the relationship of the roadmap to the most applicable common airport plans. 6.1 Strategic Plan An airportâs strategic plan establishes the airportâs vision, mission, and priorities. Airport energy resiliency needs to be evaluated with the other priorities and should become a part of the airportâs strategic plan. Conversely, priorities within the strategic plan may be used to establish the goals and prioritize the energy resiliency strategies. 6.2 Facility Plans Airports typically have multiple plans related to its physical facilities. These plans include: ⢠Airport master plan: a long-range planning document to identify future needs Figure 6-1. Roadmap relationship to common airport plans.
67 ⢠Airport layout plan: graphics of existing and planned facilities ⢠Airport capital improvement plan: a prioritized plan of capital investments in airport facilities ⢠Asset management plan: a plan to manage the life-cycle costs and performance of physical assets ⢠Airport land use plan: a plan to identify the intended use of airport property, which may be part of an airport master plan ⢠Energy master plan: a plan for a facilityâs current and future energy needs; this plan typically has a resiliency element but may be more focused on efficiency and a reduction in emissions Recommended strategies from the roadmap will need to be incorporated into the facility plans. Also, the facility plans should be used to inform the roadmap plans for the future, in terms of energy demand and available space for the development of energy generation or other airport energy resiliency-related systems. The capital expenditures recommended in the roadmap need to be integrated into and prioritized with the airportâs other capital improvements. This allows the airport to better prioritize the capital spending to support the airportâs highest needs. 6.3 Operational Plans The development of the roadmap should include input from staff members who are or will operate the system. In addition, some energy resiliency strategies may come through operational plan enhancements. Therefore, the roadmap should interface with the airportâs operational plans, such as: ⢠Airport certification manual: an operational plan for compliance with Part 139 requirements ⢠Airport emergency plan: a plan to address emergency situations at or near the airport ⢠Airport business continuity plan: a plan to recover critical airport functions quickly after a significant or prolonged disruption ⢠Airport operating budget: a spending plan for noncapital expenses ⢠Airport organizational staffing plan: the identification of the number, role, and responsibility of airport staff to meet the airportâs needs and goals ⢠Concessions plan: a plan for providing food, beverage, retail, and other services to the public at the airport ⢠Enterprise risk management plan: a structured approach to managing risk across the airport ⢠Safety management plan: a process to detect and correct safety issues before the cause and incident ⢠Wildlife management plan: methods and the assignment of responsibilities to mitigate wildlife hazards The airportâs energy resiliency strategies should be established to support meeting the Part 139 requirements; therefore, the certification manual may be helpful in identifying airport energy resiliency goals or strategies. A more energy-resilient airport provides more options in planning for human-caused or natural emergencies. Pending the energy resiliency strategies, they could be an asset if they reduce costs, because some of the implementation actions may be paid for with operating funds. The tenants or tenant representatives at an airport should be stakeholders in developing the roadmap. The recommendations from the roadmap related to operations in tenant spaces should be incorporated into the planning of concessions. An enterprise risk management plan would be anticipated to be used to inform the goals and strategies in the roadmap. Improved energy resiliency may be a factor to be considered in a safety management plan. Any energy resiliency strategies should be reviewed to avoid the development of wildlife attractants. For an airport desiring to implement enterprise risk management (ERM), ACRP Report 74: Application of
68 Enterprise Risk Management at Airports provides background on ERM and the process. Energy resiliency would be one of the potential risks to be addressed through an ERM plan. 6.4 Climate Action Plans With the publication of the 2021 United States Aviation Climate Action Plan by the FAA that includes a chapter on airports and the launch of the FAAâs Airport Climate Challenge, airports are increasing their focus on efforts to be more environmentally sustainable. These efforts may include plans and associated actions, such as: ⢠Airport sustainability plan: a plan for an airport to meet economic, natural resource, operational or social responsibility goals ⢠Climate change adaptation plan: a plan to identify and address climate change risks to the airport ⢠Carbon neutral or net-zero plan: a plan for reducing or mitigating airport greenhouse gas emissions, typically focused on airport-controlled emissions. ACRP Synthesis 100: Airport Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts summarizes current practices at U.S. airports. ACRP Research Report 220: Guidebook for Developing a Zero- or Low-Emissions Roadmap at Airports provides airports with guidance for developing a carbon neutral plan. The roadmap and climate action plans should be synergistic. The goals of climate action plans, whether airport-specific or community-driven, need to be incorporated into the airportâs energy resiliency goals. Airport energy resiliency strategies, such as increases in efficiency and using renewable energy resources, can be tools to aid in emission reductions to support climate action plans. Table 6-1 shows how energy resiliency strategies can have corresponding benefits to climate-related plans. Table 6-1. Relationship of roadmap to other environmental planning. Roadmap Strategies Mutual Benefits Sustainability Plan Climate Adaptation Plan Carbon Neutral/Net Zero Plan Reliability of service X X Energy efficiency X X Energy resiliency X Energy independence X X X Energy costs control X Renewable energy X X Regulatory compliance X X
69 6.5 Operational/Workforce Strategies Depending on an airportâs energy resiliency actions, supporting the roadmapâs implementation, introducing new energy systems, or transitioning away from fossil fuel sources may necessitate a change to the airportâs workforce and the development of new skill sets. Per ACRP Synthesis 40: Issues with Airport Organization and Reorganization, âThe primary triggers for airports to change their structure are functional reassignment, strategic change, accountability, workload issues, and the need to upgrade employee skills and abilities to meet operational requirementsâ (Kenville, Smith 2013). Implementing the roadmap is a strategic change that likely requires upgrading employeesâ skills and abilities to meet the new operational requirements. An airport should be prepared to assist staff in transitioning into new roles through the addition or enhancement of skills. Per a case study airport, when airport staff are part of a larger municipal system, based on an employeeâs classification, there may be an extended process to assign new duties. ACRP Research Report 240: Primer for Airport Organizational Redesign identifies seven recommendations for organizational redesign: ⢠Ensure strategy drives structure ⢠Process mapping for organizational restructuring ⢠Create metrics for key performance indicators to measure success at each phase of redesign ⢠Align performance management to organizational redesign objectives ⢠Engage employees in the redesign process ⢠Prioritize defining core function before determining staffing strategy ⢠Identify risks in the advance of airport redesign ⢠Align the organization redesign process with diversity, equity, and inclusion initiations Reviewing those recommendations, some key elements to address workforce strategies for roadmap implementation include: ⢠Ensuring strategies within the roadmap drive any staffing structure changes ⢠Engaging employees in the process with two-way communication ⢠Defining the new core functions before determining staffing needs ⢠Considering diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives to retain, retrain, and attract individuals with valuable skill sets One case study airport invests in its long-term employees to help them keep up with newer technology skills and in-demand positions, such as 400-volt electricians.
