Skip to main content

Science, Medicine, and Animals (2004) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:

Vaccines
Pages 9-12

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 9...
... One of the first vaccines developed was against anthrax. Louis Pasteur weakened anthrax bacteria by heat ing it so that it could no longer cause illness.
Read the entire page →
From page 10...
... Dr. Nirbhay Kumar, professor in the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, has been studying malaria using several animal model systems including chicken and rodent models of malaria, even though these animal malaria parasites cannot infect humans.
Read the entire page →
From page 11...
... Kumar is using the knowledge that he has gained by studying chicken and murine malaria to develop new vaccines. He tests these new vaccines in mice and nonhuman primates to help assess whether the vaccines will stimulate the correct type of immune responses to cure people of malaria, another example of how studying ani mals with similar but not identical diseases is helpful.
Read the entire page →
From page 12...
... Thaddeus Graczyk, Associate Research Professor in the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "This is a huge problem for the zoo because there is very high mortality among the newly hatched and juvenile penguins." The penguins hatch in winter and are still young and vulnerable in May or June, when the mosquitoes in Baltimore begin to bite.
Read the entire page →

Key Terms

  • blood cells
  • red blood
  • african penguins
  • anthrax bacteria
  • bloomberg school

  • weakened anthrax
  • baltimore zoo
  • hopkins bloomberg
  • malaria parasite
  • penguins living

  • ple measures
  • particularly vulnerable
  • human malarias
  • parasite infects
  • animal research

  • studying malaria
  • louis pasteur
  • causing anthrax
  • phrase mala
  • animal models

  • animal malaria
  • identifying antibodies
  • help develop
  • identified antibodies
  • zoo penguins

  • treat malaria
  • helps scientists
  • development brought
  • antibodies created
  • pasteur weakened


    • This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
    More information on Chapter Skim is available.