The National Academies Press

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From page 54... ... 54 S E C T I O N 5 Simple ACCs have a history dating back to the early part of the 20th century when airports started to become common throughout the world. During the early days of aviation, technology tools were relatively few -- most airports' communication technology toolkit consisted only of radios and telephones and airport staff typically had direct visual contact with passengers, aircraft, and airport facilities. Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 55 5.1 A User-Centric Approach to Human Factors (HF) Design To ensure that human factors are sufficiently addressed in ACC design and operation, it is helpful to consider the perspective of the users in terms of the following four key elements of the user experience: • Access to Information. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... 56 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Printing, distribution, management, and storage of paper. • Maintaining normal operations during unusual events. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 57 • For locations with the potential for natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes or hurricanes) , its ability to withstand those natural events. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... 58 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Site threats -- local utility grid reliability, nearby dangers (such as chemical plants and flammable materials next to the ACC) Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 59 with inherent wireless shielding are available. To enhance wireless reception inside the facility, wireless repeaters may be necessary when the building's structure blocks signals. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... 60 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers the CONOPS. In these cases, the project manager must elevate the issue to airport management, who must be included in decisions mitigating the effect or in revising the CONOPS. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 61 5.6.1 General Design Considerations In most ACC development processes, it may be necessary to use the services of a qualified design team composed of architects, engineers, and specialty consultants (possibly including audio/video designers, acoustical engineers, and lighting designers) Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... 62 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers The technology and human factors/ergonomics designers should be involved from the beginning of the design process. Technology can affect architectural and engineering design significantly, sometimes in ways that only the technology designer can anticipate. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 63 • Conference rooms. • Server/Network Operation Center (NOC) Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... 64 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers 5.7.5 Support Spaces Restrooms, locker rooms, and break rooms must be adequately sized and close enough to limit walking time spent between the ACC and support spaces. Support spaces must also provide "sensory buffers" from ACC activity, so that workers can de-stress in quiet, restful environments. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 65 General office equipment and furniture in an ACC should include copiers, printers, facsimile equipment, bookshelves, work tables, and storage cabinets. Multiple handheld radio and cellular phone-charging stations should be provided in quantities appropriate to support multiple shifts of operators and observers. Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... 66 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Has a seat pan that adjusts for height and tilt • Supports at least one other seated reference posture in addition to the upright sitting posture • Provides support to the user's back and thighs in the chosen reference postures • Can be adjusted to provide clearance under the work surface • Includes information for the user about the recommended use and adjustment of the chair One of the most innovative developments in console design is the ability to raise and lower the desktop, allowing operators to stand or sit as they want. Although it may seem counterintuitive, staying seated for long periods is actually more stressful, both mentally and physically, than alternating between standing and sitting. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 67 and other disciplines come together to develop the principles that help assure that devices and systems are usable by the people who are meant to use them. The field approaches design with the "user" as its focal point." Key aspects of human factors include • Acoustical design that establishes and maintains a calm environment. Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... 68 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers occur. Flexible design elements (e.g., moving walls and sliding glass doors) Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 69 Communications modes and technologies include • Wired telephony, which is the primary means of communicating with external parties. • Trunked radio talk groups, provided by the 800-MHz radio system of the city and used by the Operations, APD, and ARFF staff. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... 70 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Co-locate Operations, Public Safety, and Security functions to the maximum extent possible. • Enable multiple ACC monitoring stations to perform all functions, including support of areawide emergencies. Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... Communications Center Design Concepts 71 countywide radio coverage on four mutual-aid channels using seven transmit/receive sites and two receive-only sites. Mobile and portable radios are also programmed with conventional talk-around channels used for car-to-car, portable-to-portable, and portable-to-mobile communications. Read the entire page →

From page 54...

... 54 S E C T I O N 5 Simple ACCs have a history dating back to the early part of the 20th century when airports started to become common throughout the world. During the early days of aviation, technology tools were relatively few -- most airports' communication technology toolkit consisted only of radios and telephones and airport staff typically had direct visual contact with passengers, aircraft, and airport facilities.