Oil in the Sea IV Inputs, Fates, and Effects (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Pages 417-426
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From page 417... ...
Acronyms and Abbreviations ‰ parts per thousand or g/kg (used for salinity) µg/g microgram per gram µg/L microgram per liter µm micrometers 96-h LC50 96-hour lethal concentration for 50% of the test organisms ABS Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ACR acute-to-chronic ratio ACS American Chemical Society ADCP acoustic Doppler current profiler ADEC Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation ADIOS Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills AF application factor AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor AI artificial intelligence AIP AhR-interacting protein AIS Automatic Identification System AMOP Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program AMRA Arctic marine risk assessment ANS Alaska North Slope crude oil ANSI American National Standards Institute API American Petroleum Institute Arnt AhR nuclear translocator protein ARTES Alternative Response Tool Evaluation System ASEA National Agency for Safety of Energy and Environment ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials AU assessment unit AUV autonomous underwater vehicle AVIRIS airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer BAF bioaccumulation factor BaP benzo(a)
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From page 418... ...
dissolved organic matter CER Canada Energy Regulator CERA Consensus Ecological Risk Assessment CEWAF chemically enhanced water-accommodated fraction of oil CFD computational fluid dynamics CFR Code of Federal Regulations cm centimeter cm/s centimeter per second CMO Churchill Marine Observatory (Manitoba, Canada) CO2 carbon dioxide COD chemical oxygen demand COP common operating procedure COS Center for Offshore Safety COTP Captain of the Port COW crude oil washing CRA comparative risk assessment CROSERF Chemical Response to Oil Spills Ecological Research Forum CRRC Coastal Response Research Center CTD conductivity, temperature, and depth CYP1A cytochrome P450-1A d day or days D diameter DFO Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada)
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From page 419... ...
Department of Transportation DWH Deepwater Horizon oil spill DWOP Drill the Well on Paper DWT dead weight tonnes E&P exploration and production EAL environmentally acceptable lubricant EBSA ecologically and biologically significant area EC excitation–contraction EC50 median effective concentration ECA emission control area ECCC Environment and Climate Change Canada EDCF effects-driven chemical fractionation EEM environmental effects monitoring EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EHSS ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate EIA environmental impact assessment EIA U.S. Energy Information Administration EMSA European Maritime Safety Agency EOS equation of state (thermodynamics)
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From page 420... ...
HGL hydrogen gas liquids High Mag FT-ICR-MS High Magnetic Field Fourier Transform–Ion Cyclotron Resonance–Mass Spectrometry or Ultra High Resolution Mass Spectrometry HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance HMW high molecular weight HO2 hydroperoxy radical HP/HT high pressure/high temperature HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography HPWT high-pressure water tunnel hr hour HSFO high sulfur fuel oil hv light IBP ice-binding protein ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICCOPR Interagency Coordinating Committee on Oil Pollution Research ICE Interspecies Correlation Estimation ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Seas ICS Incident Command System IEA International Energy Agency IFO intermediate fuel oil (e.g., IFO 180) IM interfacial material IMH Incident Management Handbook IMO International Maritime Organization IMS-MS ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry IOC International Oceanographic Commission IOGP International Oil & Gas Producers IOSC International Oil Spill Conference IP intraperitoneal IP induced polarization IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPIECA International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association IR infrared
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From page 421... ...
kHz a unit of frequency equal to one thousand cycles per second km kilometers km2 kilometers squared km2 y–1 kilometers squared per year kPa kilopascal; unit of pressure equivalent to one newton per square meter L liter l/ha liter per hectare LAB linear alkylbenzenes LAS linear alkylbenzenesulfonates LC50 median lethal concentration LDPE low-density polyethylene LES large eddy simulation (an approach to modeling turbulent flow) LEWAF low energy water accommodated fractions LH lipid LISST laser in situ scattering and transmissivity LL lethal loading LMW low molecular weight LNAPL light non-aqueous phase liquid LNG liquefied natural gas LOC levels of concern LOEC lowest observable effect concentration LOET lowest observable effects time LOOH peroxidation LOWC loss of well control LSC Louisiana sweet crude LSFO low-sulfur fuel oil LTCC L-type calcium channel m meters m3 meters cubed m/s meters per second M-BACI multivariate before and after/control and impact MAG metagenome-assembled genome MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MARSIS Marine Safety Information System MAS marine autonomous system MC-20 Mississippi Canyon, Block 20 MC-252 Macondo crude oil spilled in Deepwater Horizon event MCF 1,000 cubic feet of gas MCFD 1 million standard cubic feet per day MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer MEWAF mid energy water accommodated fraction MG million gallons mg/cm3 milligrams per cubic centimeter
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From page 422... ...
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOBE Newfoundland Offshore Burn Experiment NOEC no observable effect concentration NOEL no observed effect loading NOIA U.S. National Ocean Industries Association NOPW Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers NOx nitrogen oxide
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From page 423... ...
Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSIM Oil in Sea Ice Mesocosm facility at Churchill Marine Observatory, Hudson Bay OSLTF Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund OSPRI Oil Spill Preparedness Regional Initiative OSRO oil spill removal organization OSRV oil spill response vessel OWD oil-water dispersion P phosphorus P&A plugged and abandoned PAC polycyclic aromatic compound PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAR photosynthetically active radiation PARAFAC parallel factor analysis PBCO Prudhoe Bay Crude Oil PCB polychlorinated biphenyls PCR polymerase chain reaction PEC predicted environmental concentration PET or PETE polyethylene terephthalate PETROTOX model that can predict the toxicity of any oil PHE phenanthrene PHMSA U.S. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration PIV particle image velocimetry PLIF planar laser induced fluorescence
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From page 424... ...
RULET Remediation of Underwater Legacy Environmental Threats project RyR ryanodine receptor S sulfur SAB Satellite Analysis Branch SAG single-cell amplified genome SAR synthetic aperture radar SARA saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes SCAT Shoreline Cleanup and Assessment Technique SE standard error of mean SEMS safety and environmental management system SENER Ministry of the Energy (Secretaría de Energía) SERMARNAT Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Fisheries
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From page 425... ...
Acronyms and Abbreviations 425 SHE-WAF super high energy water accommodated fractions SIR standardized incidence ratio SIRE Ship Inspection Report Program SIMA spill impact mitigation assessment SIMAP Spill Impact MAPping SLAR side-looking airborne radar SMART Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies SMFF salvage and marine firefighting SMS safety management system SOA secondary organic aerosol SOA sediment-oil aggregate SOD superoxide dismutase SOM sediment-oil mat SOM submerged oil mat SONS spills of national significance SOPEP shipboard emergency plan SOx sulfur oxide SPE Society of Petroleum Engineers SR sarcoplasmic reticulum SRB sulfate-reducing bacteria SRB surface residual ball SRM submerged residual oil mat SRP sulfate-reducing prokaryotes SRP surface residue patty SSD species sensitivity distribution SSDI subsea dispersant injection SW saltwater SWA surface washing agent t tonne t/d tonnes per day TCCA Transport Canada Civil Aviation TEP transparent exopolymer particle Tg teragrams TGLO Texas General Land Office THC total hydrocarbon (sum of concentrations of all hydrocarbon measured) TLM target lipid model TPAH total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon TPAH50 50 parent and/or more total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon TPH total petroleum hydrocarbons TROPICS TRopical Oil Pollution Investigations in Coastal Systems TSS total suspended solid TU toxic unit TWA time-weighted average UAV unmanned aerial vehicle UCM unresolved complex mixture ULSFO ultra-low sulfur fuel oils UME unusual mortality event UNEP United Nations Environment Programme U.S.
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From page 426... ...
UVE UV epifluorescence microscopy UVR ultraviolet radiation v/v volume to volume (dilution) VEC valuable ecosystem component VECS vapor emission control system VGP Vessel General Permit VHC volatile hydrocarbon VHS viral hemorrhagic septicemia VIDA Vessel Incidental Discharge Act VLSFO very low sulfur fuel oil VOC volatile organic compound VRP vessel response plan VTS vessel traffic service WAF water-accommodated fraction of oil We*
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