A Framework for Improving Travel Time Reliability (2013)

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54 Tables B.1 through B.5 address, respectively, SHRP 2 research project categories, potential overlapping projects, SHRP 2 Reliability projects, Project L17 gap-filling projects, and SHRP 2 development projects. A p p e n d i x B Analysis of Gap-Filling Projects Table B.1. SHRP 2 Research Project Categories [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] Guidance and Standards State of Practice Case Studies Benefits and Costs Facts and Stats Business Processes 1 Policy Program Dev. Planning Budgeting/Programming Performance Meas. Procurement Project Development L31, GF1, GF9 L31, GF9 GF1, GF9 GF9 2 GF8, L06, GF9 GF9 GF9 GF9 3 L05, L05-1 and -2, GF3, GF9 GF3 L05, L05-2, GF1, GF9 GF9 GF9 4 L05, L06 L05-2 5 6 GF2 GF2 GF2 GF2 GF2 Technical Processes 7 System Architecture Verify/Validate Vehicle Technology L13, L13-1 8 9 L10 Institutional Issues 10 Leadership Org/Staffing Recruit- ment Funding Collaboration PPP L06, GF1, GF9 GF9 GF1 11 L06, GF1 GF9 GF9 12 L06 13 GF9 GF9 14 L06, GF9 GF9 GF9 15 GF9 GF9 GF9 (continued on next page)

55 Table B.1. SHRP 2 Research Project Categories [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] Guidance and Standards State of Practice Case Studies Benefits and Costs Facts and Stats Strategies/Treatments 16 ATDM/Pricing Work Zone Mgmt ICM TIM Road Weather Arterial Ops Freeway Ops Freight Mgmt Ops Traveler Info Geometric Design L11-1–3 L11 GF12 17 L11-1–3 GF12 18 L11-1–3 L11 GF12 19 L11-1–3 L11 GF12 20 L11-1–3 GF12 21 L11-1–3 L11 GF12 22 L11-1–3 L11 GF12 23 L11-1–3 GF12 24 L11-1–3 L11 GF12 25 L11-1–3 L07 GF12 Data/Analytic Tools 26 Predictive Methods Strategy Evaluation Data Collection/Mgmt Performance Measures L04, L08, L03, L03-1–5 27 GF11, L03, L03-1–5, L05, GF4 GF4 L35C, L05-2 GF5, L35-A and -B 28 L02, L02-4, L13 L02 29 L03 L03 Outreach/Marketing 30 Business Cases Branding Messaging L17, GF6, GF1, GF9 L17 L17 31 L17 L17 L17 32 L17, GF6, GF1, GF9 L17 L17 Education 33 Curricula Training Program GF10 GF10 GF10 GF10 34 L12, L12-1, L13A-1 L31 L12-1 Note: PPP = public-private partnership; ATDM = Active Transportation and Demand Management; ICM = integrated corridor management. Key: Green = Topic is well-covered; Yellow = Topic is covered but could use more attention; Red = Topic needs attention; Black = Not applicable. (continued)

56 Table B.2. Explanation of Potential Overlapping Projects Cell Number in Table B.1 Referenced Projects Reasons They Are Not Duplicative A1 L31, GF1, GF9 L31 will develop workshops focusing on broad strategies and messaging for CEOs and Senior Executives. GF1 is a briefing book intended for a broader group of decision makers. GF9 produces a Handbook that focuses specifically on the persuasive elements of change management strategies. B1 L31, GF9 L31 will develop workshops focusing on broad strategies and messaging for CEOs and Senior Executives. GF9 focuses specifically on change management strategies in response to funding constraints and con- straints on traditional capacity improvements. C1 GF1, GF9 GF1 is designed as a high level resource for decision makers and provides a broad range of information at a general level. GF9 will focus specifically on change management strategies in response to funding constraints and constraints on traditional capacity improvements. A2 GF8, L06, GF9 GF8 provides the structure for including TSM&O in transportation decision making in Planning, Program- ming, Corridor Planning, and Environmental Review. This is not provided by any of the other projects. A3 L05, L05-1 and -2, GF3, GF9 L05 and its follow on activities will not provide guidelines for determining short-term budgets and proce- dures for identifying long-term needs (GF3). GF9 provides resource material to support change manage- ment strategies. C3 L05, L05-2, GF1, GF9 GF1 is focused on state CEOs whereas the target audience for L05 is local, regional, and state planners. GF9 is specifically providing resources to support change management in TSM&O. A4 L05, L06 The primary audience for L05 is local, regional, and state planners. The target audience for L06 is broader and includes decision makers. A7 L13, L13-1 L13-1 is a follow-on to L13, and its purpose is to develop a prototype data repository based on the con- cept and specifications developed in L13. A10 L06, GF1, GF9 L06 addresses leadership from a CMM perspective—how to improve; GF1 specifically targets state CEOs and their senior executives; GF9 provides persuasive materials for change management. A11 L06, GF1 L06 has a broad audience and focuses on CMM. GF1 is specifically aimed at CEOs and their senior executives. A14 L06, GF9 L06 provides a CMM framework; GF9 provides persuasive materials. A16–A25 L11-1–3 These three projects will involve the development of a planners guide, an operational and design toolkit, and a web-based toolkit for congestion-reduction treatments (to improve travel-time reliability). Together, they will provide a comprehensive resource for transportation system planners, designers, and operators. A26 L04, L08, L03, L03-1–5 Both will rise to the level of “Go-To” documents. L04 deals with predictive methods associated with travel demand forecasting models, whereas L08 deals with predictive methods associated with HCM procedures. A27 GF11, L03, L03-1–5, L05, GF4 GF11 provides guidance for applying the various analysis tools that are being developed in SHRP 2. GF4 provides guidance for conducting before/after studies. C27 L35C, L05-2 L35C case studies will specifically address economic evaluation models; L05-2’s case studies will be broader and focus on other aspects such as planning, programming, and budgeting. D27 GF5, L35-A and -B GF5 will provide a synthesis of current knowledge on alternate ways to value travel-time reliability. This will be an interim guidance document that will be available prior to the completion of L35A and L35B. These two subsequent documents (L35A and L35B) will involve the development of an economic model and validation for valuing travel-time reliability. A28 L02, L02-4, L13 L02 is intended to prepare a guide book to help agencies develop a new monitoring system by outlining potential functionalities and providing instructions about how to create such a system, which means that high level information will be focus of the project. L13 focus on data archiving system functionality and how different reliability data can be efficiently stored and managed, which means that L13 provides in-depth information regarding systems architecture and data archiving/management procedures.

57 Table B.3. SHRP 2 Reliability Research Projects L01 Integrating Business Processes to Improve Travel Time Reliability L02 Establishing Monitoring Programs for Mobility and Travel Time Reliability L03 Analytic Procedures for Determining the Impacts of Reliability Mitigation Strategies L04 Incorporating Reliability Performance Measures in Operations and Planning Modeling Tools L05 Incorporating Reliability Performance Measures into the Transportation Planning and Programming Processes L06 Institutional Architectures to Support Operational Strategies L07 Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness of Highway Design Features L08 Incorporation of Travel Time Reliability into the Highway Capacity Manual L09 Combined with L08, Incorporation of Nonrecurrent Congestion Factors into the AASHTO Policy on Geometric Design L10 Feasibility of Using In-Vehicle Video Data to Explore How to Modify Driver Behavior that Causes Nonrecurring Congestion L11 Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies to Improve Travel Time Reliability L12 Improving Traffic Incident Scene Management L13 Archive for Reliability and Related Data L14 Traveler Information and Travel Time Reliability L15 Innovative IDEA Projects L16 Assistance to Contractors to Archive Their Data for Reliability and Related Projects Table B.4. Gap-Filling Projects # Description Objective Product Schedule in Months Priority for L17 1 Persuasive TSM&O Case Study Briefing Book for Decision Makers To provide compelling examples from state and regional experience that support the benefits of TSM&O in terms that are directly relevant to decision makers. Mini briefing book for decision makers 9 High 2 Deployment Guidance for TSM&O Strategies To provide guidance for matching the deployment of TSM&O strategies to institutional, highway, and traffic conditions. Guidebook 9 High 3 TSM&O Program and Budget Development To develop guidelines for determining short-term programs and budgets as well as procedures for identifying long-term needs for TSM&O within an agency. Guidebook 9 High 4 Standard Evaluation and Reporting Procedures for TSM&O Strategies To provide guidance on how to conduct field eval- uations of operations strategies and to use the results both internally and externally. Guidebook 6 High 5 Synthesis on Valuing Travel Time Reliability To provide interim guidance on how to value travel time reliability until a full-scale research project is completed. Guidebook 6 Higha 6 Key Sub-Audience Business Case and Communication Strategies to Support Mainstreaming of TSM&O To develop business case and communication strategies for up to an additional six sub- audiences to supplement brand, communica- tion strategies, and sample materials being developed as part of the L17 scope. Business cases and report. 6 High 7 Development and Delivery of CEO Workshops To conduct workshops for new CEOs and Chief Engineers to demonstrate TSM&O benefits and successful practices. Workshop materials and briefing report 9 Highb (continued on next page)

58 Table B.4. Gap-Filling Projects # Description Objective Product Schedule in Months Priority for L17 8 Integration of Operations into Transportation Decision Making To provide technical staff and policy makers the decision-making structure and supporting infor- mation needed to integrate consideration of oper- ational improvements into overall transportation decision making during planning, programming, corridor planning, and NEPA/permitting. Separate applica- tion in TCAPP 12 Highc 9 TSM&O in the “new context of” constrained transportation improvements To provide resource material that focuses on identifying the set of recent changes in the con- text for transportation improvement—state and regional—that have constrained conventional (capacity) improvements and imply greater need for focus on efficient and effective opera- tions of the existing network. The material would be designed to be used by policy and planning staffs. “Responding to Constraints” handbook and related web material 9 Medium 10 Development of a TSM&O Course To develop course materials for one graduate-level course on TSM&O. Course material and “train-the-trainer” material 9 Medium 11 Guidance and Application Proce- dures for Predicting the Perfor- mance of TSM&O Strategies To develop guidance for applying analysis, model- ing, and simulation tools in the evaluation of emerging TSM&O strategies. Guidebook 12 Low 12 Facts and Stats for TSM&O To summarize readily available quantitative infor- mation regarding implementation statistics, benefits, and costs of TSM&O strategies to incorporate in the KTS. Database and report 6 High Note: Shaded rows represent recommended gap-filling projects for L17 Phase 3. NEPA = National Environmental Policy Act of 1969; TCAPP = Transportation for Communities—Advancing Projects through Partnerships. a A full-scale follow-on project is recommended for developing a recommended practice for valuing travel time reliability. b This project has been replaced by Project L31. c This project became part of Project C01. (continued) Table B.5. SHRP 2 Development Projects Reference Project Product Title Implementation Activities Start Year Year 2011 Group 1: Organizing Transportation Agencies to Improve Reliability L34 L34 (L01) Operations Business Process for Self-Assessment Tool Develop Operations Business Process Self- Assessment web tool for improving reliability 2011 L31 All Reliability (L31) Outreach on Operations and Reliabil- ity to CEO, Chief Engineers, and Executive Management Develop training and workshop material and con- duct workshops on Operations and Reliability for CEO, Senior Executives, and State DOT Chief Engineers 2011 L32C L32C (L12) Interdisciplinary Train the Trainer Post-Course Assessment Tool Develop and test interdisciplinary post-course assessment tool for “train-the-trainer” course developed in L12 2011 L32A L32A (L12) Conduct Train-the-Trainer Course for Incident Responders and Managers Conduct 10 customized pilots of the train-the- trainers course for incident responders 2011 L32B1 L32B (L12, Approved in November 2010) Training and Certification of Traffic Incident Responders Develop Training material and Conduct CEO level training on traffic incident responders 2011 (continued on next page)

59 Table B.5. SHRP 2 Development Projects (continued) Reference Project Product Title Implementation Activities Start Year L32B2 L32B (L12, Revised June 2011) E-Learning for Training Traffic Inci- dent Responders and Managers Develop e-tools for training traffic incident responders 2011 L32C L32C (L12) Training and Certification of Traffic Incident Responders Research extension—Feasibility study on training and certification of traffic incident responders (Changed to assessment of course.) 2011 Group 2: Reliability Planning, Programming, and Geometric Design L35A L35A (L11) Economic Evaluation Model to Assess Improvements in Travel Time Reliability Research extension—Develop concepts, strate- gies, and models to determine valuing improve- ments in travel time reliability 2011 L35B L35B (L11) Validation of Economic Evaluation Models to Assess Improvements in Travel Time Reliability Research extension—Validate concepts, strate- gies, and developed models to determine valu- ing improvements in travel time reliability 2011 L35C L35C (L11) Application of Economic Evaluation Models to Assess Improvements in Travel Time Reliability Research extension—Conduct demonstration pilot projects and apply developed models to determine valuing improvements in travel time reliability in real-time project applications scenarios and for operations strategies 2011 Group 3: Analytical Tools for Reliability L33 L33 (L03) Urban Freeway Models Validation Research extension—Perform validation of urban freeway models 2011 Group 4: Data Collection for Reliability No products Identified for 2011 Year 2012 All Reliability Program Products OpsAcad All Regional Ops Academy for Opera- tions and Management Develop syllabus, curriculum, and training materi- als and conduct pilot sessions on a regional scale and establish a framework for a Regional Level Operations Academy 2012 AgncyTst All Agency Testing of SHRP 2 Reliability Products Develop a framework that serves as a single- stop-shop access for state DOT, MPO, and other local agency professionals and perform field tests, pilots, and demonstration projects and mainstream reliability products as they become available 2012 Group 1: Organizing Transportation Agencies to Improve Reliability No products identified for 2012 Group 2: Reliability Planning, Programming, and Geometric Design L05-1 L05 Incorporating Reliability Performance Measures into the Transportation Planning and Programming Processes Develop web-based interactive tool for integrating reliability into transportation planning, program- ming, and budgeting. 2012 L05-2 L05 Incorporating Reliability Performance Measures into the Transportation Planning and Programming Processes Develop and conduct pilot tests of the handbook and reference guide for integrating reliability into transportation planning, programming, and budgeting 2012 L07-1 L07 Costs and Effectiveness of Highway Design Features Perform outreach design concepts to improve reliability 2012 (continued on next page)

60 Group 3: Analytical Tools for Reliability L03 L03 Analytical Procedures for Determining the Impacts of Reliability Mitigation Strategies Develop to the results of L03. 2011 L02-1 L02 Travel Time Reliability and Mobility Monitoring Programs Research extension—Develop diagnostic analyti- cal tool for reliability monitoring system 2012 Group 4: Data Collection for Reliability No products identified for 2012 Year 2013 Group 1: Organizing Transportation Agencies to Improve Reliability L11-1 L11 Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies Develop and apply planner’s guide to reliability 2013 L12-1 L12 Training and Certification of Traffic Incident Responders Develop and implement national TIM training plan 2013 Group 2: Reliability Planning, Programming, and Geometric Design L07-2 L07 Costs and Effectiveness of Highway Design Features Research extension—Develop analytical methods for small metropolitan areas and for other weather-related conditions 2013 L04-2 L04-2 Incorporating Reliability Estimation into Planning and Operations Tools Research extension—Verify the research on incor- porating reliability in planning and operations models and perform outreach activities TBD Group 3: Analytical Tools for Reliability L04-3 L04-3 Incorporating Reliability Estimation into Planning and Operations Tools Develop guidebook for validation of advanced modeling methods incorporating reliability (ref and training manual) 2013 L04-1 L04-1 Incorporating Reliability Estimation into Planning and Operations Tools Research extension—Develop prototype software for scenario manager and trajectory processor, including pseudo code specs 2013 Group 4: Data Collection for Reliability L13-1 L13 Design and Implement a System for Archiving and Disseminating Reliability Data Research extension—Develop prototype repository for all SHRP 2 Reliability related data to be stored in the cloud with innovative metadata description 2013 L13A-1 L13A Design and Implement a System for Archiving and Disseminating Reliability Data Develop training on Reliability data archive 2013 Others Not Programmed Group 1: Organizing Transportation Agencies to Improve Reliability No products identified Group 2: Reliability Planning, Programming, and Geometric Design L11-2 L11 Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies Research extension—Develop toolkit of opera- tional and design treatment assessments 2013 L11-3 L11 Evaluating Alternative Operations Strategies Research extension—Create web-based toolkit for congestion reduction treatments 2013 L08-1 L08 Filling Gaps in the Highway Capacity Manual to Address Reliability (TBD) Research extension—Filling gaps in the HCM to address reliability (TBD) TBD Table B.5. SHRP 2 Development Projects (continued) Reference Project Product Title Implementation Activities Start Year (continued on next page)

61 Group 3: Analytical Tools for Reliability L03-2 L03 Analytical Procedures—To Determine Effects of Congestion Mitigation Methods Research extension—Fill gaps in analytic tools for key facility types and conditions not addressed in Project L03 2013 L02-2 L02 Travel Time Reliability & Mobility Monitoring Programs Research extension—Develop next generation monitoring pilot TBD L02-3 L02 Travel Time Reliability & Mobility Monitoring Programs Research extension—Develop next generation modeling pilot TBD L02-4 L02 Travel Time Reliability & Mobility Monitoring Programs Research extension—Guidebook and web tool to interactively connect the above mentioned Products 1, 2, and 3 of L02. TBD Group 4: Data Collection for Reliability No products identified Table B.5. SHRP 2 Development Projects (continued) Reference Project Product Title Implementation Activities Start Year