National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: Section 6 - Conclusions, Recommendations, and Future Research
Page 290
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 290
Page 291
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 291
Page 292
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 292
Page 293
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 293
Page 294
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 294
Page 295
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 295
Page 296
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2023. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27294.
×
Page 296

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

290 AASHTO (American Association State Highway and Transportation Officials). 2010. Highway Safety Manual. Agran, P.F., D.N. Castillo, and D.G. Winn. 1990. Limitations of Data Compiled from Police Reports on Pediatric Pedestrian and Bicycle Motor Vehicle Events. Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 22, No. 4. Alta Planning + Design. 2016. “National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project.” Website: http:// bikepeddocumentation.org. Accessed June 30, 2017. Benham, J., and B.G. Patel. 1977. A Method for Estimating Pedestrian Volume in a Central Business District. Transportation Research Record, No. 629. Bergh, C., A. Griffin, M. Braughton, and J. Boudart. 2015. “Implementing a Risk-Based Systemic Safety Prioriti- zation Method for Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes in Oregon.” Transportation Research Board 94th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Bu, F., and C.Y. Chan. 2005. Pedestrian Detection in Transit Bus Application: Sensing Technologies and Safety Solutions. In IEEE Proceedings. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, 2005:100–105. IEEE. Bull, J.P., and B.J. Roberts. 1973. Road Accident Statistics—A Comparison of Police and Hospital Information. Accident Analysis and Prevention 5(1): 45–53. Campbell, B.J., C.V. Zegeer, H.H. Huang, and M.J. Cynecki. 2004. A Review of Pedestrian Safety Research in the United States and Abroad. Report No. FHWA-RD-03-042, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. Carter, D.L., W.W. Hunter, C.V. Zegeer, J.R. Stewart, and H.F. Huang. 2006. Pedestrian and Bicyclist Intersection Safety Indices: Final Report. Report No. FHWA-HRT-06-125. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. Cercarelli, L.R., D.L. Rosman, and G.A. Ryan. 1996. Comparison of Accident and Emergency with Police Road Injury Data. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 40(5): 805–809. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute. 2018. New Jersey Traffic Safety Outcomes Data Warehouse. Center for Injury Research and Prevention. Clark, D.E. 2004. Practical Introduction to Record Linkage for Injury Research. Injury Prevention 10(3). Clifton, K.J., C.V. Burnier, S. Huang, M.W. Kang, and R. Schneider. 2008. A Meso-Scale Model of Pedestrian Demand. Presented at the 4th Joint Meeting of the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning and the Association of European Schools of Planning, Chicago, IL. July 6–11. Clifton, K.J., P.A. Singleton, C.D. Muhs, and R.J. Schneider. 2015. Development of a Pedestrian Demand Estima- tion Tool. Report No. NITC-RR-677, National Institute for Transportation and Communities. Available online at http://ppms.otrec.us/media/project_files/NITC-RR-677_Final_Report.pdf. Conderino, S., L. Fung, S. Sedlar, and J.M. Norton. 2017. Linkage of Traffic Crash and Hospitalization Records with Limited Identifiers for Enhanced Public Health Surveillance. Accident Analysis and Prevention 101. Cook, L.J., A. Thomas, C. Olson, T. Funai, and T. Simmons. 2015. Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES): An Examination of Methodologies and Multi-State Traffic Safety Applications. Report No. DOT HS 812 179, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC. Corben, B.F., D.B. Logan, and J. Oxley. 2008. Star Rating School Walking Routes. MUARC Report No. 275, Melbourne, Australia. Cottrell, W., and D. Pal. 2003. Evaluation of Pedestrian Data Needs and Collection Efforts. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1828. Cryer, P.C., S. Westrup, A.C. Cook, V. Ashwell, P. Bridger, and C. Clarke. 2001. Investigation of Bias After Data Linkage of Hospital Admissions Data to Police Road Traffic Crash Reports. Injury Prevention 7(3). Cumming, A. 2000. A Framework for Bicycles at Intersections. Safe Cycling Conference, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. References

References 291   Curry, A.E., M.R. Pfeiffer, and K.B. Metzger. 2017. Catalyzing Advancements in Traffic Safety via Data Linkage: Case Example of the New Jersey Traffic Safety Outcomes Program Data Warehouse. Presented at the TRB 96th Annual Meeting. Diogenes, M., R. Greene-Roesel, L. Arnold, and D. Ragland. 2007. Pedestrian Counting Methods at Intersections: A Comparative Study. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Dolatsara, H.A. 2014. Development of Safety Performance Functions for Non-Motorized Traffic Safety. MS thesis. Western Michigan University. El-Basyouny, K., and T.A. Sayed. 2006. Comparison of Two Negative Binomial Regression Techniques in Devel- oping Accident Prediction Models. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1950. Elvik, R., A. Hoye, T. Vaa, and M. Sorenson. 2009. The Handbook of Road Safety Measures, 2nd ed. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Elvik, R., and A. Mysen. 1999. Incomplete Accident Reporting: Meta-Analysis of Studies Made in 13 Countries. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1665, 133–140. Elvik, R., and T. Vaa. 2004. The Handbook of Road Safety Measures. Elsevier. Fayish, A.C., and F. Gross. 2010. Safety Effectiveness of Leading Pedestrian Intervals Evaluated by a Before–After Study with Comparison Groups. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2198. FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2011. Pedestrian and Bicycle Data Collection. U.S. Department of Trans- portation, Washington, DC. FHWA. 2016. Traffic Monitoring Guide. Report No. FHWA PL-13-015. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC. FHWA. 2021. Roundabouts – Proven Safety Countermeasures. Report No. FHWA-SA-21-042). U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC. FHWA. n.d. “PEDSAFE.” http://www.pedbikesafe.org/. Accessed 2018. Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT). 2017a. “TransPed.” http://cfgis.org/FDOT-Resources/TransPed .aspx. FDOT. 2017b. “TransPed – Statewide Implementation.” (August 17, 2017, Status Update), Presentation by FDOT. Frank, L.D., M.A. Andresen, and T.L. Schmid. 2004. Obesity Relationships with Community Design, Physical Activity, and Time Spent in Cars. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 27, 87–96. Furth, P.G., and M.C. Mekuria. 2013. Network Connectivity and Low-Stress Bicycling. TRB 2013 Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers, Transportation Research Board. Gates, T.J., P.T. Savolainen, S. Stapleton, T. Kirsch, and S. Miraskar. 2016. Development of Safety Performance Functions and Other Decision Support Tools to Assess Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety. Transportation Research Center for Livable Communities, Report No. TRCLC 14-6. Goughnour, E., D. Carter, C. Lyon, B. Persaud, B. Lan, P. Chun, I. Hamilton, and K. Signor. 2018. Safety Evaluation of Protected Left-Turn Phasing and Leading Pedestrian Intervals on Pedestrian Safety. Report No. FHWA-HRT-18-044. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Grembek, O., C. Bosman, J.M. Bigham, S. Fine, J.B. Griswold, A. Medury, R.L. Sanders, R.J. Schneider, A. Yavari, Y. Zhang, and D.R. Ragland. 2014. Pedestrian Safety Improvement Program: Final Technical Report. Prepared by the UC Berkeley Safe Transportation Research and Education Center for the California Department of Transportation. Griffin, G.P., and J. Jiao. 2014. Crowdsourcing Bicycle Volumes: Exploring the Role of Volunteered Geographic Information and Established Monitoring Methods. URISA Journal, 27(1). Griffin, G., K. Nordback, T. Götschi, E. Stolz, and S. Kothuri. 2014. Transportation Research Circular E-C183 Monitoring Bicyclist and Pedestrian Travel and Behavior: Current Research and Practice. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC. Retrieved from https://trid.trb.org/view .aspx?id=1306813. Griswold, J.B., A. Medury, and R.J. Schneider. 2011. Pilot Models for Estimating Bicycle Intersection Volumes. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2241. Hankey, S., and G. Lindsey. 2016. Facility-Demand Models of Peak-Period Pedestrian and Bicycle Traffic: A Comparison of Fully-Specified and Reduced-Form Models. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2586. 48–58. Hankey, S., G. Lindsey, X. Wang, J. Borah, K. Hoff, B. Utecht, and Z. Xu. 2012. Estimating Use of Non-Motorized Infrastructure: Models of Bicycle and Pedestrian Traffic in Minneapolis, MN. Landscape and Urban Plan- ning, Vol. 107, 307–316. Harwood, D.W., D.J. Torbic, D.K. Gilmore, C.D. Bokenkroger, J.M. Dunn, C.V. Zegeer, R. Srinivasan, et al. 2008. NCHRP Web-Only Document 129: Phases III: Pedestrian Safety Prediction Methodology. Transporta- tion Research Board, Washington, DC.

292 Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions Haynes, M., and S. Andrzejewski. 2010. GIS-Based Bicycle and Pedestrian Demand Forecasting Techniques. Pre- sentation for U.S. Department of Transportation, Travel Model Improvement Program. Fehr and Peers Transportation Consultants, April 29, 2010. Hills, B.L., C.J. Baguley, and S.J. Kirk. 2002. Cost and Safety Efficient Design of Rural Roads in Developing Countries. Final Report DFID Project R6891. Transport Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, UK. Hipp, J., D. Adlakha, A. Eyler, B. Chang, and R. Pless. 2013. Emerging Technologies: Webcams and Crowd- Sourcing to Identify Active Transportation. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(1). Hudson, J., T.B. Qu, and S. Turner. 2010. Forecasting Bicycle and Pedestrian Usage and Research Data Collection Equipment. Report No. P2009330, Texas Transportation Institute. Hughes, R., H. Huang, C. Zegeer, and M. Cynecki. 2000. Automated Detection of Pedestrians in Conjunction with Standard Pedestrian Push Buttons at Signalized Intersections. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1705. Injury Surveillance Workgroup 8. 2017. Consensus Recommendations for Pedestrian Injury Surveillance. iRAP (International Road Assessment Programme). 2013a. iRAP Methodology Fact Sheet #5: External Flow and Median Traversability. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013b. iRAP Methodology Fact Sheet #11: Countermeasures. https://www.irap.org/resources/?et_open _tab=et_pb_tab_2#mytabs|2, Accessed 2018. iRAP. 2013c. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Curvature. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013d. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Delineation. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013e. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Grade. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013f. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Intersection Channelization. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013g. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Intersection Quality. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013h. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Intersection Type. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013i. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Lane Width. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013j. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Median Type. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013k. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Number of Through Lanes. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013l. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Operating Speed. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013m. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Pedestrian Fencing. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013n. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Quality of Curve. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013o. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: School Zone Warning. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013p. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Shoulder Rumble Strips. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013q. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Sidewalk Provision. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013r. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Street Lighting. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2013s. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Vehicle Parking. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2014a. iRAP Methodology Fact Sheet #10: Facilities for Bicycles. http://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2014b. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Pedestrian Crossing Facilities. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. 2014c. iRAP Road Attribute Risk Factors: Pedestrian Crossing Quality. https://www.irap.org/methodology/. iRAP. n.d.-a. International Road Assessment Programme. https://irap.org. Accessed January 2018. iRAP. n.d.-b. International Road Assessment Programme. https://irap.org. Accessed February 2018. iRAP. n.d.-c. What is ‘CycleRAP.’ https://irap.org/cyclerap/. Accessed September 2021. Isaksson-Hellman, I. 2012. A Study of Bicycle and Passenger Car Collisions Based on Insurance Claims Data. Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine/Annual Scientific Conference. Vol. 56. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. ITRE (Institute for Transportation Research and Education). 2018. Evaluating the Economic Impact of Shared Use Paths in North Carolina. Final Report. Division of Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, North Carolina Department of Transportation. Jackson, K.N., S.W. O’Brien, S.E. Searcy, and S.E. Warchol. 2017. Quality Assurance and Quality Control Pro- cesses for a Large-Scale Bicycle and Pedestrian Volume Data Program. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2644. Jones, M.G., S. Ryan, J. Donlan, L. Ledbetter, L. Arnold, and D. Ragland. 2010. Seamless Travel: Measuring Bicycle and Pedestrian Activity in San Diego County and Its Relationship to Land Use, Transportation, Safety, and Facility Type. Prepared by Alta Planning and Design and UC Berkeley Safe Transportation Research and Education Center, California Department of Transportation Task Order 6117. Kothuri, S., T. Reynolds, C. Monsere, and P. Koonce. 2012. Preliminary Development of Methods to Automati- cally Gather Bicycle Counts and Pedestrian Delay at Signalized Intersections. Transportation Research Board 91st Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Krizek, K., and A. Forsyth. 2012. The Colorado Mile Markers: Recommendations for Measuring Active Transporta- tion. A report for Kaiser Permanente, Colorado. Kuzmyak, J.R., J. Walters, M. Bradley, and K.M. Kockelman. 2014. NCHRP Report 770: Estimating Bicycling and Walking for Planning and Project Development: A Guidebook. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC.

References 293   Lagerwey, P.A., M.J. Hintze, J.B. Elliott, J.L. Toole, and R.J. Schneider. 2015. NCHRP Report 803: Pedestrian and Bicycle Transportation Along Existing Roads-ActiveTrans Priority Tool Guidebook. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC. Langley, J.D., N. Dow, S. Stephenson, and K. Kypri. 2003. Missing Cyclists. Injury Prevention, Vol. 9, No. 4, 376–379. Leonard, P.A., T.F. Beattie, and D.R. Gorman. 1999. Under Representation of Morbidity from Pediatric Bicycle Accidents by Official Statistics—A Need for Data Collection in the Accident and Emergency Department. Injury Prevention, Vol. 5, No.4, 303–304. Liggett, R., H. Huff, R. Taylor-Gratzer, N. Wong, D. Benitez, T. Douglas, J. Howe, J. Cooper, J. Griswold, D. Amos, and F. Proulx. 2016. Bicycle Crash Risk: How Does It Vary, and Why? Caltrans Task No. 2801. Lindsey, G., S. Hankey, X. Wang, and J. Chen. 2013. The Minnesota Bicycle and Pedestrian Counting Initiative: Methodologies for Non-Motorized Traffic Monitoring. Minnesota Department of Transportation. Liu, X. and J. Griswold. 2009. Pedestrian Volume Modeling: A Case Study of San Francisco. Association of Pacific Coast Geographers Yearbook, Vol. 71. Loo, B.P., and K.L. Tsui. 2009. Pedestrian Injuries in an Ageing Society: Insights from Hospital Trauma Registry. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Vol. 66, No. 4. Lopez, D.S., D.B. Sunjaya, S. Chan, S. Dobbins, and R.A. Dicker. 2012. Using Trauma Center Data to Identify Missed Bicycle Injuries and Their Associated Costs. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Vol. 73, No. 6. Lynam, D. 2012. Development of Risk Models for the Road Assessment Programme. RAP504.12 and TRL Report CPR1293. http://www.trl.co.uk; http://www.irap.org. Mai, E., and R. Hranac. 2013. Twitter Interactions as a Data Source for Transportation Incidents. In TRB 92nd Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers, Paper No. 13–1636. Miaou, S. 1994. “The Relationship Between Truck Accidents and Geometric Design of Road Sections: Poisson versus Negative Binomial Regressions.” Accident Analysis & Prevention. Vol. 26, Issue 4. Martin, E.W., and S.A Shaheen. 2014. Evaluating Public Transit Modal Shift Dynamics in Response to Bikesharing: A Tale of Two US Cities. Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 4. Matmiller, M. Open Data - Tech | seattle.gov. 2016. Retrieved May 19, 2017, from http://www.seattle.gov/tech /initiatives/open-data. McArthur, A., P.T. Savolainen, and T.J. Gates. 2014. Spatial Analysis of Child Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes: Development of a Safety Performance Function for Areas Adjacent to Schools. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2465. McMahon, P.J., C.V. Zegeer, C. Duncan, R.L. Knoblauch, J.R. Stewart, and A.J. Khattak. 2002. An Analysis of Factors Contributing to “Walking Along Roadway” Crashes: Research Study and Guidelines for Sidewalks and Walkways, Report No. FHWA-RD-01-101, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Mead, J., C. Zegeer, and M. Bushell. 2013. Evaluation of Pedestrian-Related Roadway Measures: A Summary of Available Research, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Medury, A., O. Grembek, A. Loukaitou-Sideris, and K. Shafizadeh. 2017. Investigating the Underreporting of Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes In and Around University Campuses−A Crowdsourcing Approach. Accident Analysis & Prevention. Medury, A., R. Schneider, J.B. Griswold, and O. Grembek. 2019. A Comparison of Log-Linear and Generalized Linear Modeling Frameworks: A Study of Direct Demand Models for Non-Motorized Modes. In Proceed- ings of the 98th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Miaou, S. 1994. The Relationship Between Truck Accidents and Geometric Design of Road Sections: Poisson versus Negative Binomial Regressions. Accident Analysis & Prevention. Vol. 26, Issue 4. Milani, J., J. Kindelberger, G. Bergen, E.J. Novicki, C. Burch, S.M. Ho, and B.A. West. 2015. Assessment of Char- acteristics of State Data Linkage Systems. Report No. DOT HS 812 180. National Center for Statistics and Analysis. Minneapolis Public Works Department. 2013. Non-Motorized Traffic Counts: Operations and Methodology. Miranda-Moreno, L.F., and D. Fernandes. 2011. Modeling of Pedestrian Activity at Signalized Intersections: Land Use, Urban Form, Weather, and Spatiotemporal Patterns. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2264. Monsere, C., H. Wang, Y. Wang, and C. Chen. 2017. Risk Factors for Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes. Report No. SPR 779, Oregon Department of Transportation. Nanda, H., and L. Davis. 2002. Probabilistic Template Based Pedestrian Detection in Infrared Videos. In IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, Vol. 1, 15–20. Nebraska’s Traffic Records Coordination Committee. 2016. Nebraska Traffic Safety Information System Strategic Plan. NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). 2020. Traffic Safety Facts 2018 Data: Bicyclists and Other Cyclists. Report No. DOT HS 812 884. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.

294 Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions NHTSA. 2021a. Traffic Safety Facts 2019: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data. Report No. DOT HS 813 141. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC. NHTSA. 2021b. Traffic Safety Facts 2019 Data: Pedestrians. Report No. DOT HS 813 079. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC. Nilsson, G. 2004. Traffic Safety and the Power Model to Describe the Risk of Crash Involvement, Bulletin 221. Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University, Sweden. Nordback, K.L. 2012. Estimating Annual Average Daily Bicyclists and Analyzing Cyclist Safety at Urban Inter- sections. University of Colorado Denver. Nordback, K., S. Kothuri, T. Petritsch, P. McLeod, E. Rose, and H. Twaddell. 2016. Exploring Pedestrian Counting Procedures: A Review and Compilation of Existing Procedures, Good Practices, and Recommendations. Report No. FHWA-HPL-16-026. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Nordback, K., W.E. Marshall, and B.N. Janson. 2014. Bicyclist Safety Performance Functions for a U.S. City. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 65. Nordback, K., M. Sellinger, and T. Phillips. 2017. Estimating Walking and Bicycling at the State Level. Report No. NITC-RR-708, National Institute for Transportation and Communities. O’Brien, S., K. Jackson, S. Searcy, S. Warchol, C. Cunningham, M. Fuentes, and M. Stull. 2016. Bicycle and Pedes- trian Data Collection, Phase I Final Report. NCDOT Project 2014-44. Oh., J., V. Kwigizile, R. Van Houten, J. McKean, F. Abasahl, H. Dolatsara, B. Wegner, and M. Clark. 2013. Develop- ment of Performance Measures for Non-Motorized Dynamics. Report No. RC-1603, Michigan Department of Transportation. Oren, M., C. Papageorgiou, P. Sinha, E. Osuna, and T. Poggio. 1997. Pedestrian Detection Using Wavelet Templates. Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. San Juan, Puerto Rico, June 17–19. Oxley J., B. Corben, and B. Fildes. 2004. Older Vulnerable Road Users: Measures to Reduce Crash and Injury Risk. MUARC Report No. 218, Melbourne, Australia. Poch, M., and F. Mannering. 1996. Negative Binomial Analysis of Intersection-Accident Frequencies. Journal of Transportation Engineering. Vol. 122, Issue 2. Preston, H., R. Storm, J.D. Bennett, and B. Wemple. 2013. Systemic Safety Project Selection Tool, Report No. FHWA-SA-13-019, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Proulx, F., and A. Pozdnukhov. 2017. Bicycle Traffic Volume Estimation Using Geographically Weighted Data Fusion. Working Paper. Online: http://faculty.ce.berkeley.edu/pozdnukhov/papers/Direct_Demand _Fusion_Cycling.pdf. Accessed June 12, 2017. Pulugurtha, S.S., and S.R. Repaka. 2008. Assessment of Models to Measure Pedestrian Activity at Signalized Intersections, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2073. Pushkarev, B., and J. Zupan. 1971. Pedestrian Travel Demand. Highway Research Record, No. 355. Raford, N., and D. Ragland. 2005. Pedestrian Volume Modeling for Traffic Safety and Exposure Analysis. Uni- versity of California Traffic Safety Center White Paper. Available online: http://repositories.cdlib.org/its/tsc /UCB-TSC-RR-2005-TRB2/. December 2005. Raford, N., and D. Ragland. 2004. Space Syntax: Innovative Pedestrian Volume Modeling Tool for Pedestrian Safety. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1878. Rosman, D.L. 1996. The Feasibility of Linking Hospital and Police Road Crash Casualty Records Without Names. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 28, No. 2. Ryan, S., and G. Lindsey. 2013. Counting Bicyclists and Pedestrians to Inform Transportation Planning. Active Living Research, Research Brief. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Ryus, P., E. Ferguson, K.M. Laustsen, R.J. Schneider, F.R. Proulx, T. Hull, and L. Miranda-Moreno. 2014a. NCHRP Report 797: Guidebook on Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC. Ryus, P., E. Ferguson, K.M. Laustsen, R.J. Schneider, F.R. Proulx, T. Hull, and L. Miranda-Moreno. 2014b. NCHRP Web-Only Document 205: Methods and Technologies for Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collec- tion. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Schneider, R.J., L.S. Arnold, and D.R. Ragland. 2009a. Methodology for Counting Pedestrians at Intersections: Use of Automated Counters to Extrapolate Weekly Volumes from Short Manual Counts. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2140. Schneider R.J., L.S. Arnold, and D.R. Ragland. 2009b. A Pilot Model for Estimating Pedestrian Intersection Crossing Volumes. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2140. Schneider, R.J., T. Henry, M.F. Mitman, L. Stonehill, and J. Koehler. 2012. Development and Application of the San Francisco Pedestrian Intersection Volume Model. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Trans- portation Research Board, No. 2299. Schneider, R.J., A.J. Khattak, and C.V. Zegeer. 2001. Method of Improving Pedestrian Safety Proactively with Geographic Information Systems: Example from a College Campus. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1773.

References 295   Schneider, R., R. Patton, J. Toole, and C. Raborn. 2005. Pedestrian and Bicycle Data Collection in United States Communities: Quantifying Use, Surveying Users, and Documenting Facility Extent. Federal Highway Admin- istration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Schulz, A., P. Ristoski, and H. Paulheim. 2013. I See a Car Crash: Real-Time Detection of Small Scale Incidents in Microblogs. The Semantic Web: ESWC Satellite Events. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer. Sciortino, S., M. Vassar, M. Radetsky, and M.M. Knudson. 2005. San Francisco Pedestrian Injury Surveillance: Mapping, Under-Reporting, and Injury Severity in Police and Hospital Records. Accident Analysis and Pre- vention, Vol. 37, No. 6. Seattle Department of Transportation. 2016. City of Seattle Bicycle and Pedestrian Safety Analysis. Shankar, V., F. Mannering, and W. Barfield. 1995. Effect of Roadway Geometrics and Environmental Factors on Rural Freeway Accident Frequencies. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 27, 371–389. Stewart, D. 1988. Pedestrian Guard Rails and Accidents. Traffic Engineering & Control, Vol. 9, Iss. 9. Strauss, J., and L.F. Miranda-Moreno. 2013. Spatial Modeling of Bicycle Activity at Signalized Intersections. Journal of Transport and Land Use, Vol. 6., No. 2, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Stutts, J., and W. Hunter. 1998. Police Reporting of Pedestrians and Bicyclists Treated in Hospital Emergency Rooms. Transportation Research Record, No. 1635. Suard, F., A. Rakotomamonjy, A. Bensrhair, and A. Broggi. 2006. Pedestrian Detection Using Infrared Images and Histograms of Oriented Gradients. In 2006 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 206–212. IEEE. Tarko, A., and M.S. Azam. 2011. Pedestrian Injury Analysis with Consideration of the Selectivity Bias in Linked Police-Hospital Data. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 43, No. 5. Teale, G. 1984. The Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Low Cost Traffic Engineering Projects. Consultant Report, CR 22, Office of Road Safety, Canberra, Australia. Thomas, L., B. Lan, R.L. Sanders, A. Frackelton, S. Gardner, and M. Hintze. 2017a. In Pursuit of Safety: Systemic Bicycle Crash Analysis in Seattle, WA. Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Thomas, L., B. Lan, R.L. Sanders, A. Frackelton, S. Gardner, and M. Hintze. 2017b. Predicting the Future? Systemic Pedestrian Safety Analyses in Seattle, WA. Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers, Transportation Research Board. Tin, S., A. Woodward, and S. Ameratunga. 2013. Completeness and Accuracy of Crash Outcome Data in a Cohort of Cyclists: A Validation Study. BMC Public Health, Vol. 13, No. 1. Tin, S., A. Woodward, S. Thornley, J. Langley, A. Rodgers, and S. Ameratunga. 2010. Cyclists’ Attitudes Towards Policies Encouraging Bicycle Travel: Findings from the Taupo Bicycle Study in New Zealand. Health Promo- tion International March 2010. Tobey, H.N., E.M. Shunamen, and R.L. Knoblauch. 1983. Pedestrian Trip Making Characteristics and Exposure Measures. Final Report of Contract No. DTFH61-81-00020, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. Turner, B., J. Affum, M. Tziotis, and C. Jurewicz. 2009. Review of iRAP Risk Parameters. 001496 Draft Contract Report, ARRB Group, October. Turner, B., L. Steinmetz, A. Lim, and K. Walsh. 2012. Effectiveness of Road and Safety Engineering Treatments. Report No. AP-R422-12, Project ST1571, Austroads. Turner, S., S. Binder, and A. Roozenburg. 2009. Cycling Safety: Reducing the Crash Risk. NZTA Research Report 389, NZTA, Wellington, New Zealand. Turner, S., and P. Lasley. 2013. Quality Counts for Pedestrians and Bicyclists: Quality Assurance Procedures for Nonmotorized Traffic Count Data. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2339. Turner, S., A. Roozenburg, and A. Francis. 2006. Predicting Accident Rates for Pedestrians and Cyclists. NZTA Research Report No. 289, Wellington, New Zealand. Turner, S., A. Roozenburg, and A. Smith. 2009. Roundabout Crash Prediction Models. NZTA Research Report 386, NZTA, Wellington, New Zealand. Turner, S., I. Sener, M. Martin, S. Das, E. Shipp, R. Hampshire, K. Fitzpatrick, L. Molnar, R. Wijesundera, M. Colety, and S. Robenson. 2017. Synthesis of Methods for Estimating Pedestrian and Bicyclists Exposure to Risk at Areawide Levels on Specific Transportation Facilities. Report No. FHWA-SA-17-041. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Turner, S., R. Singh, T. Allatt, and G. Nates. 2010. Effectiveness and Selection of Treatments for Cyclists at Signalised Intersections. Austroads Research Report, New Zealand. Turner, S., R. Singh, and G. Nates. 2012. Crash Prediction Models for Signalised Intersections: Signal Phasing and Geometry. NZ Transport Agency Research Report 483. usRAP (United States Road Assessment Program). n.d. http://www.usrap.org/, Accessed 2017. Van Houten, R., J. LaPlante, and T. Gustafson. 2012. Evaluating Pedestrian Safety Improvements. Michigan DOT Final Report No. RC-1585.

296 Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions Veisten, K., K. Sælensminde, K. Alvær, T. Bjørnskau, R. Elvik, T. Schistad, and B. Ytterstad. 2007. Total Costs of Bicycle Injuries in Norway: Correcting Injury Figures and Indicating Data Needs. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 39, No. 6. Ward., H., R. Lyons, and R. Thoreau. 2006. Under-Reporting of Road Casualties Phase 1. Center for Transport Studies, University College London. Department for Transport: London. Wijlhuizen, G.J., A. Dijkstra, and J.W.M van Petegem. 2014. Ontwikkeling van een systeem ter beoordeling van de veiligheid van fietsinfrastructuur (Safe Cycling Network: Development of a System for Assessing the Safety of Cycling Infrastructure). R-2014-14. SWOV, Den Haag. Wijlhuizen, G.J., J.W.M van Petegem, G. Schemrers, J. de Bruin, and J.J.F Commandeur. 2017. Development of Network Safety Index. Municipality of Amsterdam. R-2017-10. SWOV, Den Haag. Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, C. Lyon, B. Persaud, J. Zegeer, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. 2017. NCHRP Research Report 841: Development of Crash Modification Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatment. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. Zhang, L., S. Ghader, A. Asadabadi, M. Franz, C. Xiong, and J. Litchford. 2017. Analyzing the Impact of Median Treatments on Pedestrian/Bicyclist Safety, Report No. MD-17-SHA/UM/4-28. Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore, MD. Zhao, L., and C. Thorpe. Stereo- and Neural Network-Based Pedestrian Detection. 1999. Proceedings of 2nd IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Tokyo, Oct. 5–8.

Next: Abbreviations and Acronyms »
Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions Get This Book
×
 Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Each year, national crash studies have estimated that while overall traffic fatalities are decreasing, the percentages of those fatalities among pedestrians and cyclists are increasing.

NCHRP Research Report 1064: Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Performance Functions, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, presents state departments of transportation and other transportation professionals with an update of pedestrian and bicycle safety performance functions (SPFs).

Supplemental to the report are three spreadsheet tools that address SPFs on rural multilane roads, rural two-lane roads, and urban/suburban arterials.

READ FREE ONLINE

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!