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Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
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G

Acronyms

AAS American Astronomical Society
ACE Advanced Composition Explorer
ACR anomalous cosmic ray
AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research
AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory
AFWA Air Force Weather Agency
AGS Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences Division
AGU American Geophysical Union
AIA Atmospheric Imaging Assembly
AIM atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere (system); Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere
  (mission)
AIMI atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions
AIP American Institute of Physics
AMISR Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar
AMPERE Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment
AMPTE Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers
AO Announcement of Opportunity
APS American Physical Society; active pixel sensor
AST Division of Astronomical Sciences
ATST Advanced Technology Solar Telescope
AU astronomical unit
AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
AXAF Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility
BARREL Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses
BBSO Big Bear Solar Observatory
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
CADRE CubeSat Investigating Atmospheric Density Response to Extreme Driving
CAREER Faculty Early Career Development
CASSIOPE Cascade, Small Satellite, and Ionospheric Polar Explorer
CATE cost and technical evaluation
CAWSES Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System
CCD charge-coupled device
CCE Charge Composition Explorer
CCMC Community Coordinated Modeling Center
CDC Concept Design Center
CEDAR Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions
CHAMP Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload
CINDI Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamic Investigation
CINEMA CubeSat for Ions, Neutrals, Electrons, Magnetic Fields
CIR corotating interaction region
CISM Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling
CME coronal mass ejection
CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
C/No carrier signal-to-noise strength
C/NOFS Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System
COBE Cosmic Background Explorer
CoBRA Complexity Based Risk Assessment
COSMIC Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate
COSMO Coronal Solar Magnetism Observatory
COTS commercial off-the-shelf
CPU central processing unit
CRRES Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite
CSSWE Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment
DASI distributed array of small instruments
DC direct current
DICE Dynamic Ionosphere Cubesat Experiment
DLR German Aerospace Center
DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellites Program
DOD Department of Defense
DOE Department of Energy
DRIVE Diversify, Realize, Integrate, Venture, Educate
DSCOVR Deep Space Climate Observatory
DYNAMIC Dynamical Neutral Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (mission)
EASCO Earth-Affecting Solar Causes Observatory
ECT Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma Suite
EIA equatorial ionization anomaly
EISCAT European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association
ELaNa Educational Launch of Nanosatellites
ENA energetic neutral atom
ENASI Energetic Neutral Atom Spectroscopic Imager
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
EPO education and public outreach
e-POP Enhanced Polar Outflow Probe
EPP energetic particle precipitation
ESA European Space Agency
ESCAPE Energetics, Sources and Couplings of Atmosphere-Plasma Escape
ETA equatorial temperature anomaly
EUV extreme ultraviolet
EUVI extreme ultraviolet imager
EVE Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FASR Frequency-Agile Solar Radiotelescope
FAST Fast Aurora Snapshot
FDSS Faculty Development in Space Science
FIREBIRD Focused Investigations of Relativistic Electron Burst Intensity, Range, and Dynamics
FOXSI Focusing Optics X-ray Spectroscopic Imager
FUV far ultraviolet
FWHM full-width, half-maximum
FY fiscal year
GCR galactic cosmic ray
GDC Geospace Dynamics Constellation
GEM Geospace Environment Modeling
GEO geostationary Earth orbit
GI guest investigator
GIC geomagnetically induced current; ground-induced current
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite Systems
GOCE Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
GONG Global Oscillation Network Group
GPS Global Positioning System
GRACE Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
GRIPS Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar Flares
GRIS Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer
GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center
GSRP Graduate Student Research Program
GUVI Global Ultraviolet Imager
GW gravity waves
HAARP High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program
HAO High Altitude Observatory
HEAO High Energy Astronomy Observatory
HEIDI High Energy Imaging Device
HEO high Earth orbit (above GEO)
HF high frequency
HI Heliospheric Imager
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
HIREGS High Resolution Gamma-Ray and Hard X-Ray Spectrometer
HITDP Heliophysics Instrument and Technology Development Program
HPDE Heliophysics Data Environment
HSC heliophysics science center
HSO Heliophysics Systems Observatory
HSS high-speed solar wind streams
HSW halo solar wind
HTP Heliophysics Theory Program
HXR hard X-ray
IBEX Interstellar Boundary Explorer
IGS International GNSS Service
IGY International Geophysical Year
IHY International Heliophysical Year
IKAROS Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation of the Sun
IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration
IMAP Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe
IMF interplanetary magnetic field
IMP Interplanetary Monitoring Platform
IMPACT In Situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients
INCA Imaging Neutral Atom Camera
INMS Ion Neutral Mass Spectrograph
IR infrared
IRIS Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph
ISCCP International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project
ISEE International Sun-Earth Explorer
ISI Institute for Scientific Information
ISM interstellar medium
ISMF interstellar magnetic field
ISOON Improved Solar Observing Optical Network
ISR incoherent scatter radar
ISS International Space Station
IT ionosphere-thermosphere
ITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations
ITM ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere
IVM Ion Velocity Meter
JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory
L1 Sun-Earth Lagrangian Point 1
L5 Sun-Earth Lagrangian Point 5
LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory
LBH Lyman-Birge-Hopfield
LCAS Low-Cost Access to Space
LECP low-energy charged-particle
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
LEO low Earth orbit
LET Low Energy Telescope
LISM Local Interstellar Medium
LPV Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance
LT local time
LWS Living With a Star
MAC Magnetospheric-Atmosphere Coupling (mission)
MagCat Magnetospheric Constellation and Tomography (mission)
MagCon Magnetospheric Constellation (mission)
MEDICI Magnetosphere Energetics, Dynamics, and Ionospheric Coupling Investigation
MEMS microelectromechanical system
MESSENGER Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging
MHD magnetohydrodynamic
MI magnetosphere-ionosphere
MIDEX Mid-size Explorer
MISTE Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Source Term Energetics (mission)
MIT magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere
MLSO Mauna Loa Solar Observatory
MLT mesosphere and lower thermosphere
MMS Magnetospheric Multiscale (mission)
MO&DA mission operations and data analysis
MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
MPS Mathematical and Physical Sciences
MREFC Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction (program)
MRF Medium-Scale Research Facility
MSO Mees Solar Observatory
MWO Mt. Wilson Observatory
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research
NESDIS National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
NESSF NASA’s Earth and Space Science Fellowship (program)
NGDC National Geophysical Data Center
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NJIT New Jersey Institute of Technology
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC National Research Council
NSF National Science Foundation
NSO National Solar Observatory
NST New Solar Telescope
NSWP National Space Weather Program
NuSTAR Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array
NWM Neutral Wind Meter
NWS National Weather Service
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
OCT Office of the Chief Technologist
OEDG Opportunities for Enhancing Diversity in the Geosciences (program)
ORBITALS Outer Radiation Belt Injection, Transport, Acceleration and Loss Satellite
OVSA Owens Valley Solar Array
PARS Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science
PFISR Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar
PI principal investigator
POES Polar Operational Environmental Satellite
P-POD Poly Picosatellite Orbital Deployer
PUI pickup ion
PW planetary waves
QBO quasi-biennial oscillation
RE Earth radius
RS Sun radius
R&A research and analysis
RAX Radio Aurora Explorer
RBSP Radiation Belt Storm Probe; renamed Van Allen Probes
REPT Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope
REU Research Experiences for Undergraduates
RFI request for information
RHESSI Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager
RISR Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar
ROSES Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences
RPA Ion Retarding Potential Analyzer
SABER Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry
SALMON Stand Alone Missions of Opportunities Notice
SAMPEX Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer
SAPS subauroral polarization streams
SCOSTEP Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics
SDO Solar Dynamics Observatory
SEE Solar Eruptive Events (mission)
SEP solar energetic particle
SFO San Fernando Observatory
SHINE Solar, Heliosphere and Interplanetary Environment
SHP solar and heliospheric physics
SKR Saturnian Kilometric Radio
SM servicing mission
SMD Science Mission Directorate
SMEI Solar Mass Ejection Imager
SMEX Small Explorer
SNOE Student Nitric Oxide Explorer
SNR signal-to-noise ratio
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
SO Solar Orbiter
SOHO Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
SOLIS Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun
SOON Solar Observing Optical Network
SORCE Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment
SPA Space Physics and Aeronomy
SPARC Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate
SPASE Space Physics Archive Search and Extract
SPD Solar Physics Division
SPI Solar Polar Imager
SPP Solar Probe Plus
SRAG Space Radiation Analysis Group
SRP solar radiation pressure
SR&T supporting research and technology
SSP solar sail propulsion
SSPIS Solar and Space Physics Information System
STE suprathermal electron
STEM science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
STEREO Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory
STP Solar-Terrestrial Probes (program)
SuperDARN Super Dual Auroral Radar Network
SUVIT Solar UV-Visible-IR Telescope
SWaC space weather and climatology
SWAP space, weight, and power
SWICS Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer
SWL Space Weather Laboratory
SWMI solar wind-magnetosphere interactions
SWPC Space Weather Prediction Center
SXT Soft X-Ray Telescope
TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
TEC total electron content
TEX tiny Explorers
THEMIS Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms
TIM Total Irradiance Monitor
TIMED Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics
TR&T Targeted Research and Technology
TRACE Transition Region and Coronal Explorer
TRL technology readiness level
TS termination shock
TSI total solar irradiance
TWINS Two Wide-Angle Imaging Neutral-Atom Spectrometers
UARS Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
UHURU Small Astronomical Satellite 1, Swahili for Freedom
ULDB Ultra Long Duration Balloon
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
USAF U.S. Air Force
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
USML U.S. Munitions List
UT universal time
UV ultraviolet
UVCS Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer
V1 Voyager 1
V2 Voyager 2
VxO (domain-specific) virtual observatory
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System
WACCM Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model
WBS work breakdown structure
WHI Whole Heliosphere Interval
WLC White Light Coronagraph
WPI wave-particle interaction
WSA-Enlil Wang-Sheely-Arge-Enlil
WSO Wilcox Solar Observatory
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 401
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 402
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 403
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 404
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 405
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 406
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 407
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2013. Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13060.
×
Page 408
Next: Appendix H: Request for Information from the Community »
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From the interior of the Sun, to the upper atmosphere and near-space environment of Earth, and outward to a region far beyond Pluto where the Sun's influence wanes, advances during the past decade in space physics and solar physics—the disciplines NASA refers to as heliophysics—have yielded spectacular insights into the phenomena that affect our home in space.

Solar and Space Physics, from the National Research Council's (NRC's) Committee for a Decadal Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, is the second NRC decadal survey in heliophysics. Building on the research accomplishments realized during the past decade, the report presents a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022 that will improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms that drive the Sun's activity and the fundamental physical processes underlying near-Earth plasma dynamics, determine the physical interactions of Earth's atmospheric layers in the context of the connected Sun-Earth system, and enhance greatly the capability to provide realistic and specific forecasts of Earth's space environment that will better serve the needs of society.

Although the recommended program is directed primarily at NASA and the National Science Foundation for action, the report also recommends actions by other federal agencies, especially the parts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration charged with the day-to-day (operational) forecast of space weather. In addition to the recommendations included in this summary, related recommendations are presented in this report.

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