National Academies Press: OpenBook

Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles (2017)

Chapter: Enact Legislation to Legalize AV Testing

« Previous: CONCLUSIONS
Page 14
Suggested Citation:"Enact Legislation to Legalize AV Testing." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24873.
×
Page 14
Page 15
Suggested Citation:"Enact Legislation to Legalize AV Testing." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24873.
×
Page 15

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

12 1HYDGD EHFDPH WKH ¿UVW VWDWH WR DXWKRUL]H WKH RSHUDWLRQ RI KLJKO\ DXWRPDWHG YHKLFOHV ZLWK $9  LQ  DQG UXOHV ZHUH DGRSWHG IRU OLFHQVLQJ DQG RSHU- DWLRQ $GGLWLRQDO OHJLVODWLRQ ZDV SDVVHG LQ  DQG WKH VWDWXWHV DUH UHYLHZHG HYHU\ WZR \HDUV WR DFFRXQW IRU DGYDQFHPHQWV LQ WHFKQRORJ\ &DOLIRUQLD $%  HQDFWHG LQ DXWKRUL]HVWKH&RQWUD&RVWD 7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ$XWKRULW\ WRFRQ- GXFWDSLORWSURMHFWWHVWLQJDXWRQ- RPRXVYHKLFOHVQRWHTXLSSHGZLWK VWHHULQJ ZKHHOV EUDNH SHGDOV DFFHOHUDWRUV RU RSHUDWRUV LQVLGH DW VSHFL¿HG ORFDWLRQVDQGVSHHGV OHVVWKDQPLOHVSHUKRXU Enact Legislation to Legalize AV Testing Description 7KLVVWUDWHJ\DLPVWRDFFHOHUDWHWKHGHYHORSPHQWDGRSWLRQ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDXWRPDWHGDQGFRQQHFWHGYHKLFOHV E\HQDFWLQJOHJLVODWLRQWRHVWDEOLVKWKHOHJDOLW\RI$9WHVW- LQJ6WDWHVRUORFDOJRYHUQPHQWVFRXOGLPSOHPHQWDYHUVLRQ RIWKHPRGHOVWDWHSROLF\UHFHQWO\UHOHDVHGE\WKH86'27 WR DYRLG DQ\ FRQFHUQV DERXW LQWHUVWDWH LQFRQVLVWHQFLHV LQ UHJXODWLQJ$9V Technologies targeted/ownership model distinctions $SROLF\EXLOWDURXQGWKH86'27¶VPRGHOVWDWHSROLF\ZRXOG IRFXVRQKLJKO\DXWRPDWHGYHKLFOHVRU+$9V 6$(/HYHO RU DVORZHUOHYHO$9VDUHDOUHDG\LQSURGXFWLRQRURSHUDW- LQJRQWKHURDGVXQGHUFXUUHQWIHGHUDOVWDWHDQGORFDOODZV ZLWK WKHGULYHUSULPDULO\ UHVSRQVLEOH IRU WKHYHKLFOH¶V VDIH RSHUDWLRQ &XUUHQW VWDWHV ZLWK $9 WHVWLQJ OHJLVODWLRQ DQG DVVRFLDWHG UHJXODWLRQV OLNH &DOLIRUQLD GH¿QH DXWRPDWHG YHKLFOHVLQVXFKDZD\WRH[SOLFLWO\H[FOXGHORZHUOHYHODXWR- PDWLRQZLWK ODQJXDJHH[HPSWLQJ V\VWHPVXVLQJDGYDQFHG GULYHUDVVLVWDQFHV\VWHPV $'$6 OLNHDGDSWLYHFUXLVHFRQ- WURORUHPHUJHQF\EUDNLQJ How will this help? (VWDEOLVKLQJWKHOHJDOLW\RIWHVWLQJFRXOGVHUYHDVDQDGYHU- WLVHPHQW WR DWWUDFW FRPSDQLHV WR D JLYHQ VWDWH RU ORFDOLW\ DOWKRXJK WKH YDOXH RI WKLV VWUDWHJ\ LQ DWWUDFWLQJ WHVWLQJ DFWLYLW\LVXQSURYHQ&RQYHUVHO\VRPHVWDWHVKDYHWDNHQWKH SRVLWLRQWKDW$9WHVWLQJLVQRWQHFHVVDULO\LOOHJDODQGKDYH FODLPHGWRKDYHDPRUHIDYRUDEOHOHVVEXUGHQVRPHUHJXODWR- U\HQYLURQPHQWIRUWHVWLQJZLWKRXWLW7KHVDIHW\ULVNDVVRFL- DWHGZLWKDQRQUHJXODWRU\SRVLWLRQKDVQRWEHHQTXDQWL¿HG Implementation issues 7KH VWDWH OHJLVODWXUH DORQJZLWK WKH DJHQFLHV LW GLUHFWV WR FDUU\RXWRURYHUVHHWHVWLQJZRXOGEHDUWKHUHVSRQVLELOLW\IRU LPSOHPHQWLQJ WKLV VWUDWHJ\$GRSWLQJ D UHJXODWRU\ VFKHPH VXFK DV WKH RQH UHFRPPHQGHG E\ 86'27 FRXOG UHTXLUH VLJQL¿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takeholder benefits/concerns 6WDNHKROGHUVLQFOXGHYHKLFOHPDQXIDFWXUHUVDQGGHYHORSHUV WKHDJHQFLHVLQYROYHGLQWHVWLQJRUUHJXODWLQJWHVWLQJDQGWKH JHQHUDOWUDYHOLQJSXEOLF0RVWFRQVXPHUVXUYH\VLQGLFDWHD VL]DEOHSHUFHQWDJHRIUHVSRQGHQWVZKRDUHFRQFHUQHGDERXW WKHVDIHW\RI$9VZKLFKPD\EHDEDUULHUWRDGRSWLRQ Optimal timing 7KLVVWUDWHJ\DGGUHVVHVWHVWLQJ$9VDQGDVVXFKWKHRSWLPDO WLPLQJZRXOGEHLQWKHQHDUWHUP$9VDUHGHYHORSLQJUDSLG- O\VRSROLFLHVGHVLJQHGWRVWLPXODWHWHVWLQJVKRXOGRFFXULQ WKHQHDUWHUPRYHUDSSUR[LPDWHO\WKHQH[W¿YH\HDUV EXAMPLES Effectiveness Efficiency Political Acceptability Operational Feasibility Geographic Impact Urban, suburban, rural Who Legislature, state and local trans- portation agencies Hurdles Passing enabling legislation, identifying funding sources for rulemaking and administration of testing requirements Establishing the legality of testing could serve as an advertisement to attract companies to a given state or locality, although the value of this strategy in attracting testing activity is unproven. Legality 7KHUH LV QR OHJDO EDUULHU WR HQDFWLQJ OHJLVODWLRQ Encourage Shared AV UseMitigate Safety Risks Address Liability Issues Influence Market Demand POLICY STRATEGY SUMMARIES Sebastian Duda/Shutterstock.com

13 8WDK +%  HQDFWHG LQ  DXWKRUL]HV WKH GHSDUWPHQW RI WUDQVSRUWDWLRQ WR FRQGXFW D FRQ- QHFWHG YHKLFOH WHVWLQJ SURJUDP RXWVLGHRIDQXUEDQL]HGDUHDDQG UHTXLUHV WKH VWDWH'27 WR UHSRUW WKHUHVXOWV WRDFRPPLWWHHRI WKH OHJLVODWXUH Enact Legislation to Stimulate CV or AV Testing Description 7KLVVWUDWHJ\DLPVWRDFFHOHUDWHWKHGHYHORSPHQWDGRSWLRQ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDXWRPDWHGDQGFRQQHFWHGYHKLFOHV E\HQDFWLQJ OHJLVODWLRQ WRGLUHFWO\ IXQG WHVWLQJ IRU&9RU $9GHYHORSPHQW Technologies targeted/ownership model distinctions /HJLVODWLRQSURYLGLQJGLUHFW IXQGLQJGHVLJQHG WRVWLPXODWH WHVWLQJFDQ WDUJHW$9RU&9 WHFKQRORJLHV DOWKRXJKDV WKH OLNHO\ LPSOHPHQWHURI&9V\VWHPVVWDWHDQG ORFDOJRYHUQ- PHQWVPD\ZLVKWRSULRULWL]H&9VSHQGLQJWRJDLQH[SHULHQFH DQGLQVWLWXWLRQDONQRZOHGJHZLWKWKHHPHUJLQJWHFKQRORJ\ How will this help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¿WVRIWKH WHFKQRORJ\)RUWKHVHUHDVRQVVWDWHDQGORFDODJHQFLHVPD\ ZLVKWRSULRULWL]HWKHLULQYHVWPHQWVLQWHVWLQJ&9V\VWHPV Implementation issues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¿FLHQWO\UXQWKHVHV\VWHPV ,Q DGGLWLRQ WKH  IHGHUDO WUDQVSRUWDWLRQ DXWKRUL]DWLRQ OHJLVODWLRQNQRZQDVWKH)$67$FWFRXOGSURYLGHDSRWHQ- WLDO IXQGLQJ VRXUFH IRU SLORW DFWLYLWLHV 7KH DFW ORRVHQHG UHVWULFWLRQVRQIHGHUDOIXQGLQJFDWHJRULHV OLNH&DWHJRU\ WRSURYLGHZLGHUODWLWXGHIRUORFDODJHQFLHVWRIXQG,76ZLWK IHGHUDOGROODUVWKURXJKWKHLU032V7KLVFKDQJHLVHVVHQWLDO IRUWKHGLUHFWIXQGLQJRSWLRQVWDWHDQGORFDODJHQFLHV±XQGHU GLUHFWLRQIURPWKHLUSROLF\PDNHUV±FDQXVHWKHLURZQVWDWH DQG ORFDO IXQGLQJ RU IHGHUDOGROODUV  IRU WHVWLQJ LI WKHUH LV DFOHDUYDOXHSURSRVLWLRQWRGRLQJVRJLYHQWKHPDQ\RWKHU V\VWHPQHHGVWKDWUHTXLUH¿QDQFLDOUHVRXUFHV 7HVWLQJ D QHZ V\VWHP ZLOO SURYLGH XVHIXO LQIRUPDWLRQ WR VWDWH DJHQFLHV DERXW KRZ WKHVH WHFKQRORJLHV IXQFWLRQ DQG SHUIRUPLPSOHPHQWDWLRQDQGRSHUDWLRQDOSURFHVVHVDQGSUR- FHGXUHVGDWDRQV\VWHPHIIHFWLYHQHVVDQGHI¿FLHQF\PRUH DFFXUDWHFRVWLQIRUPDWLRQ±DQGLQDGGLWLRQWKHDJHQFLHVZLOO JDLQYDOXDEOH LQVWLWXWLRQDONQRZOHGJHDQGH[SHULHQFHZLWK WKHQHZWHFKQRORJLHV Stakeholder benefits/concerns 6WDNHKROGHUVLQFOXGHYHKLFOHPDQXIDFWXUHUVDQGGHYHORSHUV &9V\VWHPVXSSOLHUVDQGFRQWUDFWRUVWKHDJHQFLHVLQYROYHG LQ WHVWLQJ DQG WKH JHQHUDO WUDYHOLQJ SXEOLF /HJLVODWLRQ WR VXSSRUW WHVWLQJZRXOGHLWKHU UHTXLUHQHZIXQGLQJRUXVLQJ H[LVWLQJ IXQGV IRU D GLIIHUHQW SXUSRVH ZKLFK PD\ SURYH FRQWHQWLRXV HVSHFLDOO\ LQ D OHJLVODWLYH VHWWLQJ 7KH SROLF\ GRHVQRWKDUPVWDNHKROGHUVEXWWKH¿QDQFLDOFRQFHUQVDORQH UHVXOWHGLQDUHODWLYHO\ORZHUVFRUHRQSROLWLFDODFFHSWDELOLW\ 7KLVVWUDWHJ\FRXOGEHSHUFHLYHGDVGLUHFWO\EHQH¿WLQJSUL- YDWHHTXLSPHQWYHQGRUV Optimal timing 7KHVH SROLFLHV DGGUHVV WHVWLQJ$9V DQG&9V DQG DV VXFK EXAMPLE Effectiveness Efficiency Political Acceptability Operational Feasibility Geographic Impact Urban, suburban, rural Who Legislature, state and local trans- portation agencies Hurdles Passing legislation, upgrading or installing new infrastructure, creat- ing new governmental agreements and partnerships Funding CV testing would build institutional knowledge and experience with these emerging technologies, which could increase the likelihood of the systems being implemented in the future. WKH RSWLPDO WLPLQJ ZRXOG EH LQ WKH QHDUWHUPDQGXSWRWHQ\HDUV$9VDUH GHYHORSLQJUDSLGO\VRSROLFLHVGHVLJQHG WRVWLPXODWHWHVWLQJVKRXOGRFFXULQWKH QHDUWHUPRYHUDSSUR[LPDWHO\WKHQH[W ¿YH\HDUV&9V\VWHPVDUHGHYHORSLQJ RQDORQJHUF\FOHVR&9WHVWLQJFRXOG EHJLQQRZEXWFRQWLQXHWKURXJKRXWWKH GHYHORSPHQWOLIHF\FOHDWOHDVWQRZWR WHQ\HDUVKHQFH Legality 7KHUH LV QR OHJDO EDUULHU WR HQDFWLQJ OHJLVODWLRQ Encourage Shared AV UseMitigate Safety Risks Address Liability Issues Influence Market Demand holbox/Shutterstock.com

Next: Modify Driver Training Standards and Curricula »
Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles Get This Book
×
 Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) has released Strategies to Advance Automated and Connected Vehicles: Briefing Document. It is intended for state, regional, and local agency and political decision makers who are framing public policy making for these transformational technologies. The briefing document makes the case for taking action in spite of uncertainties and presents 18 policy and planning strategies that may be useful in advancing societal goals.

The briefing document is based on NCHRP Research Report 845: Advancing Automated and Connected Vehicles: Policy and Planning Strategies for State and Local Transportation Agencies. The report assesses policy and planning strategies at the state, regional, and local levels that could influence private-sector automated vehicle (AV) and connected vehicle (CV) choices to positively affect societal goals. The report aims to assist agencies with exploring actions that might increase the likelihood that AV and CV technologies will have beneficial impacts on traffic crashes, congestion, pollution, land development, and mobility (particularly for older adults, youths under the age of 16, and individuals with disabilities).

TRB has partnered with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to develop a Transportation TV Special Report on Automated Vehicles in America, featuring the results of this briefing document.

READ FREE ONLINE

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!