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The Red Sea is of special interest because of the hot brine occur- rences discovered there on two or three expeditions of short duration. A far more extensive program is amply jus t i f ied . Other regions to be considered include the Norwegian, Labrador, and Chukchi Seas, the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Black Sea. (The Arctic is a mediterranean sea of unigue character because of ice cover and is not considered here.) The most effective and economical tool for providing the preliminary survey is the seismic reflection profiler. It is the appropriate reconnais- sance equipment and should be followed, where indicated, by exploratory dril l ing of the JOIDES type. This work should be heavily supplemented by seismic refraction measurements and oblique reflection profiles in order to measure velocities of the layered rock. These measurements should include the f u l l thickness of the earth's crust in order to provide a scientific d i v i - dend, possibly as important as the search for petroleum-bearing structures. Magnetic and gravity measurements are essential for the scientific inves- tigation of these areas and are probably valuable otherwise, but they have not proved as valuable in these areas as the seismic and sampling methods. V. DEEP DRILLING The spectacular successes of the Deep Sea Drill ing Program have proved the importance of dril l ing into the sediments which cover the ocean floor. These cores reveal not only the history of the ocean basins but also the existence of valuable resources. The first deep hole drilled in this pro- gram suggested that the Gulf of Mexico was once a hypersaline basin largely - 58 -
