National Academies Press: OpenBook

Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers (2022)

Chapter: List of Abbreviations

« Previous: Appendix F - Practitioner s Guide for the Use of Retroreflective Pavement Markers
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Suggested Citation:"List of Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26814.
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Page 232
Page 233
Suggested Citation:"List of Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26814.
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Page 233
Page 234
Suggested Citation:"List of Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26814.
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Page 234
Page 235
Suggested Citation:"List of Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26814.
×
Page 235
Page 236
Suggested Citation:"List of Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26814.
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Page 236

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

232 AADT average annual daily traffic ADAS advanced driver assistance systems ADT average daily traffic ANOVA analysis of variance ATLM audio-tactile lane markings AV autonomous vehicles CCD charge-coupled device cd/fc candelas per foot-candle cd/lx candelas per lux CMF crash modification factors CRF crash reduction factors DAS data acquisition system DC Washington, DC DOTD Department of Transportation and Development DVRPC Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission FM farm to market GLM generalized linear models GPS global positioning system HMA hot mix asphalt HPMS highway performance monitoring system IR infrared LED light-emitting diode LME linear mixed effect MAD mean absolute deviation mcd/lux millicandela per lux MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices mW milliwatts NDS naturalistic driving study OLS ordinary least squares PC point of curvature PMD post-mounted delineators PR Puerto Rico PT point of tangent R minimum curve radius RI coefficient of luminous intensity RID roadway information database RL coefficient of retroreflected luminance ROR run-off-road List of Abbreviations

List of Abbreviations 233   RPMs retroreflective pavement markers RS rumble strip RSA road safety audit RVP relative visual performance SHRP 2 Second Strategic Highway Research Program SI specific intensity sr steradian SRPM snowplowable retroreflective pavement marker TCD traffic control device TOD time of day TTI Texas A&M Transportation Institute VL visibility level VTTI Virginia Tech Transportation Institute

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Pavement markings are the most common traffic control device (TCD) used to communicate roadway information to drivers. To be effective, they must convey information in all lighting and weather conditions. As a result, pavement markings on public roads contain retroreflective elements, such as glass beads, so that light from vehicle headlights is returned to the eye of the driver at night.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 1015: Performance Criteria for Retroreflective Pavement Markers seeks to isolate and identify the effects of retroreflective pavement markers (RPMs) from a cohesive, three-pronged investigation of driver visibility, behavior, and safety.

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