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Suggested Citation:"Chapter 6. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Enhancing Pedestrian Volume Estimation and Developing HCM Pedestrian Methodologies for Safe and Sustainable Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26508.
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Suggested Citation:"Chapter 6. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Enhancing Pedestrian Volume Estimation and Developing HCM Pedestrian Methodologies for Safe and Sustainable Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26508.
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Page 166
Suggested Citation:"Chapter 6. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Enhancing Pedestrian Volume Estimation and Developing HCM Pedestrian Methodologies for Safe and Sustainable Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26508.
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Page 167
Suggested Citation:"Chapter 6. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Enhancing Pedestrian Volume Estimation and Developing HCM Pedestrian Methodologies for Safe and Sustainable Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26508.
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165 Federal Highway Administration. 2017. “Highway Traffic Noise Analysis and Abatement Policy and Guidance: Noise Fundamentals.” https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environMent/noise/regulations_and_guidance/polguide/polguide02.cfm (as of September 10, 2019). Fitzpatrick, K., S.M. Turner, M. Brewer, P.J. Carlson, B. Ullman, N.D. Trout, E.S. Park, J. Whitacre, N. Lalani, and D. Lord. 2006. TCRP Report 112 or NCHRP Report 562: Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossings. Appendices B to O, Transit Cooperative Research Program, TRB, Washington D.C. Fitzpatrick, K., V. Iragavarapu, M. Brewer, D. Lord, J. Hudson, R. Avelar, and J. Robertson. 2014. Characteristics of Texas Pedestrian Crashes and Evaluation of Driver Yielding at Pedestrian Treatments. Report FHWA/TX-13/0- 6702-1. Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. FDOT. 2009. Quality/Level of Service Handbook. Tallahassee. FDOT. 2015. Bicycle and Pedestrian Gap Study. Tallahassee. Frank, L. D., S. J. B. and W. Bachman. 2000. “Linking Land Use with Household Vehicle Emissions in the Central Puget Sound: Methodological Framework and Findings.” Transportation Research Part D, Vol. 5, pp. 173–196. Gerlough, D., and M. Huber. 1975. Special Report 165: Traffic Flow Theory: A Monograph. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. Greenwalk, M. and M. Boarnet. 2001. “The Built Environment as a Determinant of Walking Behavior: Analyzing Non-Work Pedestrian Travel in Portland, Oregon.” In 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Handy, S. 1996. “Urban Form and Pedestrian Choices: Study of Austin Neighborhoods.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1552, pp. 135–144. Handy, S., R. Paterson, and K. Butler. 2003. Planning for Street Connectivity: Getting from Here to There. Chicago, IL. Herweg, N.A., and N. Bunzeck. 2015. “Differential effects of white noise in cognitive and perceptual tasks.” Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 6, pp. 1639–1639. Hess, P. M. 1997. “Measures of Connectivity.” Places, Vol. 11, pp. 58–65. Hochmuth, J., and R. Van Houten. 2018. Influence of Advanced Placement of the In-Street Sign Gateway on Distance of Yielding from the Crosswalk. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2672, pp. 13–20. Huang, H., C. Zegeer, C., and R. Nassi 2000. “Innovative Treatments at Unsignalized Pedestrian Crossing Locations.” Transportation Research Record 1705, pp. 43–52. Jensen, S. 2007. “Pedestrian and Bicyclist Level of Service on Roadway Segments.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2031, pp. 43–51. Kaplan, S. 1995. “The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework.” Journal of Environmental Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 169–182. Kittelson & Associates, et al. 2013. Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual, Third Edition. Washington D.C. Kothuri, S., K. Clifton, and C. Monsere. 2014. “Insights into Pedestrian Attitudes and Perceptions of Delay, Safety, and Crossing Decisions at Signalized Intersections.” Presented at the 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, D.C. Lowry, M., P. G. Furth, and T. H. Loh. 2016. “Prioritizing New Bicycle Facilities to Improve Low-Stress Network Connectivity.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 86, pp. 124–140. Lowry, M. and T. H. Loh. 2017. “Quantifying Bicycle Network Connectivity.” Preventive Medicine, Vol. 95, pp. 134–140. Mately, M., L. M. Goldman and B. J. Fineman. 2001. “Pedestrian Travel Potential in Northern New Jersey.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1705, pp. 1–8. Meister, H., S. Rählmann, and M. Walger. 2018. “Low background noise increases cognitive load in older adults listening to competing speech.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 144, EL417. doi:10.1121/1.5078953. Mitman, M. F., D. R. Ragland, and C. V. Zegeer. 2008. “Marked-Crosswalk Dilemma: Uncovering Some Missing Links in a 35-Year Debate.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2073, pp. 86–93. Mitman, M. F., D. Cooper, B. DuBose, and S. Pande. 2010. Driver/Pedestrian Behavior at Marked and Unmarked Crosswalks in the Tahoe Basin. Report UCB-ITS-PRR-2010-18. California Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways, University of California, Berkeley.

166 Nemeth, B., R. Tillman, J. Melquist, and A. Hudson. 2014. Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Evaluation Incorporating Highway Capacity Manual Unsignalized Pedestrian Crossing Analysis Methodology. Report MnDOT-2014-21. Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul. Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT). 2019. Analysis Procedures Manual. Version 2. Transportation Planning Analysis Unit, Salem. Parks, J. 2009. “TWSC HCM Methodology for Peds.” NCHRP Project 03-92 correspondence. Parks, J.R. and J.L. Schofer. 2006. “Characterizing Neighborhood Pedestrian Environments with Secondary Data.” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 11, pp. 250–263. Pécheaux, K., J. Bauer, and P. McLeod. 2009. Pedestrian Safety Engineering and ITS-Based Countermeasures Program for Reducing Pedestrian Fatalities, Injury Conflicts, and Other Surrogate Measures. Final System Impact Report, Contract DTFH61-96-C-00098, Task 9842. Science Applications International Corp., McLean, VA. Petritsch, T., and T. Scorsone. 2014. Potential Modification of the HCM Pedestrian Level of Service Model for Arterial Roadways. Final Report. Sprinkle Consulting, Lutz, FL. Pijeira-Díaz, H.J., H. Drachsler, S. Järvelä, and P.A. Kirschner. 2019. “Sympathetic arousal commonalities and arousal contagion during collaborative learning: How attuned are triad members?” Computers in Human Behavior, No. 92, pp. 188–197. Randall, T. A. and B. W. Baetz. 2001. “Evaluating Pedestrian Connectivity for Suburban Sustainability.” Journal of Urban Planning and Development, Vol. 127, pp. 1–15. Reilly, M. and J. Landis. 2002. The Influence of Built-Form and Land Use on Mode Choice: Evidence from the 1996 Bay Area Travel Survey. University of California, Berkeley. Replogle, M. 1990. “Computer Transportation Models for Land Use Regulation and Master Planning in Montgomery County, Maryland.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1262, pp. 91–100. Ross, J., D. Serpico, and R. Lewis. 2011. Assessment of Driver Yielding Rates Pre-and Post-RRFB Installation, Bend, Oregon.” Report FHWA-OR-RD 12-05. Oregon Department of Transportation, Salem. Ryus, P., A. Musunuru, J. Bonneson, S. Kothuri, C. Monsere, N. McNeil, S. LaJeunesse, K. Nordback, W. Kumfer, and S. Currin. 2022. NCHRP Research Report 992: Guide to Pedestrian Analysis. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Schneider, R. J., X. Quin, M.R R. Shaon, A. Sanatizadeh, Z. He, P. Wykhuis, B. Block, K. Santiago, and A. Bill. 2017. Evaluation of Driver Yielding at Uncontrolled Crosswalks. University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Semler, C., et al. 2017. “Low-Stress Bicycle Network Mapping: The District of Columbia's Innovative Approach to Applying Level of Traffic Stress.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2662, pp. 31–40. SFDPH. 2008. The Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (PEQI): An Assessment of the Physical Condition of Streets and Intersections. San Francisco, CA. Shurbutt, J., R. G. Van Houten, and S. M. Turner. 2008. “Analysis of Effects of Stutter Flash LED Beacons to Increase Yielding to Pedestrians Using Multilane Crosswalks.” Presented at 87th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Song, Y. 2003. Impacts of Urban Growth Management on Urban Form: A Comparative Study of Portland, Oregon, Orange County, Florida and Montgomery County, Maryland. Sygna, K., G.M. Aasvang, G. Aamodt, B. Oftedal, and N.H. Krog. 2014. “Road traffic noise, sleep and mental health.” Environmental Research, Vol. 131, pp. 17–24. Tal, G. and S. Handy. 2012. “Measuring Nonmotorized Accessibility and Connectivity in a Robust Pedestrian Network.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2299, pp. 48– 56. Tobin, C., and C. Semler. 2018. Evaluating Bicycle and Pedestrian Quality of Service. Hillsborough MPO, Tampa, FL. Transportation Research Board. 2016. Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), 6th ed. Washington, D.C. Turner, S., K. Fitzpatrick, M. Brewer, and E. Park. 2006. “Motorist Yielding to Pedestrians at Unsignalized Intersections: Findings from a National Study on Improving Pedestrian Safety.” Transportation Research Record 1982, pp. 1–12. Twaddel, H., E. Rose, J. Broach, J. Dill, K. Clifton, C. Lust, K. Voros, H. Louch, and E. David. 2018. Guidebook for Measuring Multimodal Network Connectivity. FHWA-HEP-18-032. Federal Highway Administration and U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.

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Despite widespread use of walking as a transportation mode, walking has received far less attention than the motor vehicle mode in terms of national guidance and methods to support planning, designing, and operating safe, functional, and comfortable facilities.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Web-Only Document 312: Enhancing Pedestrian Volume Estimation and Developing HCM Pedestrian Methodologies for Safe and Sustainable Communities is a supplement to NCHRP Research Report 992: Guide to Pedestrian Analysis. It provides a practitioner-friendly introduction to pedestrian analysis.

Supplemental to the document are Proposed Highway Capacity Manual Chapters.

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