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Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States (2022)

Chapter: Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
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DOE Laboratory Funding Year Amount Source
ANL 2020a $2,200,000 BER
ANL 2021a $2,528,000 BER
BNL 2020a $1,400,000 BER
BNL 2021a $1,000,000 BER
LANL 2017–2021 $1,950,000 DOE-NNSA
LANL 2020–2022 $245,000 DTRA
LANL 2021–2023 $5,100,000 LDRD
LBNL 2006–2017 $500,000 in 2016b DOE-BER
LBNL 2011–2016 N/A (JGI user facility provided at no cost to users) DOE JGI
LBNL 2011–2016 $3,600,531 NASA
LBNL 2012–2016 $1,654,643 NASA
LBNL 2012–2017 $990,770 NASA
LBNL 2012–2017 $2,025,709 NIH
LBNL 2013–2016 $70,195 NASA
LBNL 2013–2017 $1,154,600 NASA
LBNL 2014–2017 $421,707 NASA (prime sponsor); Oregon Health & Science University (direct sponsor)
LBNL 2014–2019 $1,583,882 NASA
LBNL 2015–2016 $199,929 NASA
LBNL 2015–2017 $200,474 NASA
LBNL 2015–2019 $297,416 NASA (prime sponsor); Medical College of Wisconsin (direct sponsor)
LBNL 2016–2019 $1,741,387 NASA
LBNL 2016–2019 $492,041 NASA
LBNL 2016–2021 $3,959,623 NASA
LBNL 2019–2022 $215,999 NASA
LBNL 2019–2021 $504,391 NASA
LBNL 2019–2022 $216,118 NASA
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
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Title
Exploration of the Potential for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Advance Low-Dose Radiation Biology Research (RadBio-AI)
AI-driven data integration and multiscale modeling approaches to low-dose radiation effects understanding
Exploration of the Potential for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Advance Low-Dose Radiation Biology Research (RadBio-AI)
AI-driven data integration and multiscale modeling approaches to low-dose radiation effects understanding
Leaf microbiome as a monitoring tool for nuclear activities
Understanding the impact of space radiation on human gut microbiome
Human Exposure of Radiation using Organ Systems (HEROS)
Low-dose scientific focus area
The identification of specific genetic and molecular profiles induced by low-dose radiation that lead to loss of mammary tissue architecture and tumor progression
Harderian gland tumorigenesis low-dose, low-dose-rate, and LET response
Comparative analysis of charged particle–induced autosomal mutagenesis in murine tissue and cells
Space radiation risk assessment project
Novel interactions of DNA repair processes in replication fork maintenance
Effects of low-dose radiation on long-term synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis in normal and Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mice
Impact of age, genetic variants, and high-LET track structure on mammary cancer risk estimates
The relation between mutagenesis and genomic instability after particle exposure in vivo
Molecular characterization of choroid plexus and hippocampal damage and degenerative CNS risks from space radiation
Integrating LBNL DSB clustering model with NASA modeling tool to predict cell death and chromosomal aberration in human cells exposed to galactic cosmic ray
Space adaptation effects on immune system impacts reproductive function and mammary gland development across generations
Measurement of and countermeasures against, degenerative heart disease from space radiation
GCR simulator studies with human and mouse models
Blood-based multiscale model for cancer risk from galactic cosmic ray in genetically diverse populations
Simulation of GCR-induced Harderian gland and lung tumorigenesis
Defining the relationship between simulated weightlessness and space radiation on cardiovascular disease
Variation in CNS damage signaling and blood sentinels of neuropathology after exposure to space radiation
Molecular characterization of CNS tissue damage and neurocognitive risks from space radiation
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
DOE Laboratory Funding Year Amount Source
LBNL 2019–2025 $1,138,838 NIH (prime sponsor sponsor); Albert Einstein College of Medicine (direct sponsor)
LBNL 2020–2025 $1,200,000 NASA
LBNL 2020–2022 $497,795 NIH
LBNL 2021–2022 $784,812 NASA
LLNL 2011–2017 $1,925,000 NIH/NCI
LLNL 2013–2018 $1,650,000 NIH/NCI
LLNL 2016–2018 $200,000 NIH (prime); Columbia University (direct sponsor)
LLNL 2017–2021 $3,000,000 NASA (prime sponsor); Wake Forest University (direct sponsor)
LLNL 2017–2019 $700,000 LDRD
LLNL 2017–2022 $1,784,000 NIH/NCI (prime sponsor); UC Davis (direct sponsor)
LLNL 2018–2021 $6,000,000 LDRD
LLNL 2018–2023 $1,620,000 NIH/NCI (prime sponsor); Dana Farber Cancer Institute (direct sponsor)
LLNL 2020–2023 $2,250,000 LDRD
ORNL 2018 $180,000 LDRD
ORNL 2019 $1,000,000 LDRD
ORNL 2020 $130,000 Work for Others
ORNL 2020 $180,000 BER
ORNL 2020a $1,400,000 BER
ORNL 2021a $1,000,000 BER
ORNL 2021 N/A Equipment
PNNL 2008–2016 $500,000 in 2016b BER
PNNL 2020–2021 $330,000 NASA
PNNL 2020–2022 $485,000 NASA

a Appropriated by Congress to DOE as part of the new low-dose program.

b The last year of the previous low-dose radiation program.

NOTE: ANL = Argonne National Laboratory; BER = DOE-Biological and Environmental Research; BNL = Brookhaven National Laboratory; CNS = central nervous system; DOE = Department of Energy; DSB = double strand break; DTRA = Defense Threat Reduction Agency; GCR = galactic cosmic ray; JGI = Joint Genome Institute; LANL = Los Alamos National Laboratory; LBNL = Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; LDRD = Laboratory Directed

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Title
DNA repair, mutations, and cellular aging
Dose-rate effects and galactic cosmic ray simulation in cancer-relevant systems
Genetic determinants of radiation-induced hematologic toxicity
Simulation of GCR-induced Harderian gland and lung tumorigenesis
Characterization of HER2 family of proteins
Optimizing 131I-MIBG therapy for children with advanced neuroblastoma
Biodosimetry of exposure to internalized 131Iodine in human relapsed or refractory cancer patients
Novel microfluidic biomarker detection platforms to monitor in vivo effects of solar particle events and galactic cosmic rays radiation, using mice with human hematopoietic systems
Diagnostic devices for detection in harsh environments
Mitochondrial bioenergetics in aggressive breast cancer growth
Instrumented tumor
Tumor and host markers of clinical outcomes after MIBG therapy in neuroblastoma
High-throughput protein biomanufacturing and in-situ assessment platform to enable rapid response capability
A microfluidic platform for identifying radiation/nuclear countermeasures for emergency situations
Next-generation radiotherapeutics and bioassessment platforms
Synthesis and evaluation of Z-glutamine analogs
Targeted delivery of radionuclides and chemotherapy to therapy-resistant cancer stem cells
Exploration of the Potential for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Advance Low-Dose Radiation Biology Research (RadBio-AI)
AI-driven data integration and multiscale modeling approaches to low-dose radiation effects understanding
Equipment to analyze trace materials
Linear and nonlinear tissue signaling mechanisms in response to low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation
C4 Photosynthesis in Space (C4Space)
Dynamics of Microbiomes in Space (DynaMoS)

Research and Development; LET = linear energy transfer; LLNL = Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; MIPG = metaiodobenzylguanidine; NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NCI = National Cancer Institute; NIH = National Institutes of Health; NNSA = National Nuclear Security Administration; ORNL = Oak Ridge National Laboratory; PPNL = Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; UC = University of California.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Page 290
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Page 291
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Page 292
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
×
Page 293
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Projects Designated by the Department of Energy as "Low-Dose Radiation Projects" Carried Out at National Laboratories (20162021)." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26434.
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Radiation exposure at low doses (below 100 milligray) or low-dose rates (less than 5 milligray per hour) occurs in a wide range of medical, industrial, military, and commercial settings. The effects of exposure at these levels are not fully understood, but there are long-standing concerns that such exposure could negatively affect human health. Although cancer has been linked to low-dose radiation exposure for decades, there is increasing evidence that low-dose radiation exposure may also be associated with cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, immune dysfunction, and cataracts.

Recent advances in research, new tools, and a coordinated multidisciplinary research program could help fill knowledge gaps about the health impacts of low-dose radiation exposures. This report calls for the development of a U.S. research program to study how low doses of radiation affect cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and other disease risks. Research should also better define the impacts of radiation doses, dose rates, types of radiation, and exposure duration. The report estimates $100 million annually for the next 15 years would be required to conduct epidemiological and biological research, and to establish an infrastructure for research.

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