Panel on Review of Selected Research Areas at the Physical Measurement Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Andrew P. Feinberg studied mathematics and humanities at Yale University in the Directed Studies honors program, and he received his B.A. (1973) and M.D. (1976) from the accelerated medical program at Johns Hopkins University, as well as an M.P.H. from Johns Hopkins (1981). He performed a postdoctoral fellowship in developmental biology at the University of California, San Diego; clinical training in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; and genetics research and clinical training at Johns Hopkins. Dr. Feinberg is considered the founder of the field of cancer epigenetics, having discovered altered DNA methylation in cancer in the early 1980s with Bert Vogelstein. Over the decades since, Dr. Feinberg and his colleagues have shaped the landscape of understanding of DNA methylation and other epigenetic changes, and their applications to epidemiology and medicine, and introduced groundbreaking statistical and laboratory methods to the study of the epigenome. He and his colleagues discovered human imprinted genes and loss of imprinting in cancer, and they proved the epigenetic hypothesis of cancer through their work on Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Most recently, they pioneered genome-scale epigenetics (epigenomics), with the first National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Epigenome Center, pioneering methods including the first comprehensive genome-scale methylation discovering the major target for epigenetic variation in humans, CpG island shores. He led the first whole genome bisulfite sequencing analysis of human cancer, discovering large hypomethylated blocks that correspond to nuclear lamina-associated heterochromatin, as well as a mechanism for disruption of these blocks in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. He has also helped to create the field of epigenetic epidemiology, discovering epigenetic mediation of genetic variants in disease. He has made several important theoretical contributions as well, including the epigenetic progenitor hypothesis of cancer and the role of entropy in epigenetic development and disease. He is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor in the Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine, Engineering, and Public Health, where he is the director of the Center for Epigenetics. He is a recipient of an NIH Director’s Pioneer Award; a member of the National Academy of Medicine, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the NIH Council of Councils; and received honorary doctorates from the University of Uppsala, the Karolinska Institute, and the University of Amsterdam.

Benjamin French is an associate professor of biostatistics in the Department of Biostatistics at Vanderbilt University and an expert advisor to the Department of Statistics at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF), where he previously served as a senior scientist and the interim

department chief. He received his undergraduate degree in mathematics and Norwegian from St. Olaf College and a Ph.D. in biostatistics from the University of Washington. His methodological research focuses on analysis methods for longitudinal (or correlated) and survival (or event-time) data. At RERF, he developed novel analysis approaches for radiation risk estimation for cancer mortality and incidence, while accounting for potential sources of unmeasured confounding and outcome misclassification. As a collaborative biostatistician, he has led or participated in a wide range of biomedical research projects, most recently as the director of the biostatistics core for an international consortium studying outcomes among cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19. He has taught short courses on longitudinal data analysis and joint modeling of longitudinal and survival outcomes in the United States and abroad.

Bernard D. Goldstein, University of Pittsburgh (retired), is an emeritus dean and an emeritus professor of environmental and occupational health at the University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM), and has chaired more than a dozen NAM or National Research Council committees. He has also chaired committees related to environmental health for the World Health Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme. His past experience includes service as the assistant administrator for research and development of the Environmental Protection Agency, 1983–1985, and the president of the Society for Risk Analysis. Dr. Goldstein was the founding director of the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI) of Rutgers University. While at EOHSI, he was the initial principal investigator of the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP), a multi-university program responsive to the Department of Energy’s research needs related to the cleanup of nuclear weapon sites, a position he held from 1995 to 2001. Since then, he has continued occasional involvement in CRESP and in other nuclear-related activities, including participating in a congressionally mandated committee to review risk-based approaches to cleanup of aspects of the Hanford Site and authoring a recent op-ed related to the risk of nuclear waste. He also has been significantly involved in other energy issues including the use of methyl tert-butyl ether as a gasoline additive, the risk of unconventional national gas drilling, and the health impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Dr. Goldstein holds a B.S. in psychology from University of Wisconsin–Madison (1958) and an M.D. from the New York University School of Medicine (1962).

John D. Graham is the dean of the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs (SPEA). Dr. Graham’s research interests include government reform, energy and the environment, and the future of

the automobile in both developed and developing countries. He came to SPEA after serving as the dean of the Frederick Pardee RAND Graduate School at the RAND Corporation in California. Prior to joining RAND, Dr. Graham served in the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) from 2001 to 2006. As the Senate-confirmed administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, he led a staff of 50 career policy analysts who reviewed major regulatory proposals from Cabinet agencies. Prior to his role at OMB, Dr. Graham was a professor of policy and decision sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. From 1990 to 2001, Dr. Graham founded and led the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis. In 1995, he was elected the president of the Society for Risk Analysis, an international membership organization of 2,400 scientists and engineers. Dr. Graham holds a B.A. (with honors) in economics and politics from Wake Forest University (1978), an M.A. in public affairs from Duke University (1980), and a Ph.D. in urban and public affairs from Carnegie Mellon University (1983).

Elizabeth M. Jaffee is an internationally recognized expert in cancer immunology and pancreatic cancer. She is the deputy director of the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, the co-director of the Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, and the associate director of the Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy. Her research focus is on developing novel immunotherapies for the treatment and prevention of pancreatic cancer. Dr. Jaffee is a past president of the American Association for Cancer Research. She has served on a number of committees at the National Cancer Institute including as the co-chair of the Blue Ribbon Panel that provided scientific advice to Vice President Biden’s Moonshot Initiative. She currently serves as the chair of the National Cancer Advisory Board and the chief medical advisor to the Lustgarten Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research. She is the inaugural director of the new Convergence Institute at Johns Hopkins. She was recently elected to the National Academy of Medicine and is a fellow of the American College of Physicians. Dr. Jaffee graduated magna cum laude from Brandeis University (1981) before receiving her M.D. from New York Medical College.

Evagelia C. Laiakis received her Ph.D. in human genetics from the University of Maryland, Baltimore (2006), studying radiation-induced genomic instability and the contribution of pro-inflammatory processes. She subsequently completed her postdoctoral fellowship at Georgetown University (2012) in the field of radiation biodosimetry through metabolomics. She is currently an associate professor in the Department of Oncology at the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center with a secondary appointment in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology. Dr.

Laiakis is an elected council member to the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) and has been serving as a member of PAC-1 of NCRP (Basic Criteria, Epidemiology, Radiobiology, and Risk) since 2016. She served as a program committee member for the 2021 Annual NCRP meeting and is a co-chair for the 2022 annual NCRP meeting. Dr. Laiakis’s laboratory aims to expand the field of radiation metabolomics and lipidomics through mass spectrometry with untargeted and targeted approaches. Her research focus includes understanding metabolic responses to scenarios involving a wide range of doses (low dose to acute radiation syndrome–associated doses), dose rates, normal tissue responses, and radiation quality effects (photons, neutrons, high-energy particles), utilizing biofluids and tissues from rodents to humans. Her work has also expanded to space radiation effects, in combination with stressors such as microgravity, with emphasis on skeletal muscle metabolism–related changes. Finally, she is an associate editor for the International Journal of Radiation Biology and Radiation Research, and the 2019 recipient of the Jack Fowler award from the Radiation Research Society.

Lindsay M. Morton is currently a senior investigator and the deputy chief of the Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI). She trained in molecular epidemiology as a postdoctoral fellow at NCI after earning a Ph.D. in epidemiology with a focus on cancer from Yale University and an A.B. from Dartmouth College. Dr. Morton’s research focuses on quantifying risks of subsequent malignancies among cancer survivors, particularly following treatment with radiotherapy and/or systemic therapies (chemotherapy, immunotherapy) and also incorporating research on germline genetic susceptibility. Much of her research is focused on high-risk populations such as childhood cancer survivors, individuals with inherited cancer predisposition syndromes, and stem cell transplant recipients. She also has a long-term interest in the etiology and survivorship of hematologic malignancies and has led research on the somatic changes in tumors that arise following radiation exposure, particularly thyroid cancer following the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. Based on 200 peer-reviewed publications, findings from Dr. Morton’s studies have contributed to assessments of the risks and benefits of cancer treatments, guidelines for long-term surveillance of cancer survivors, methodological improvements in data collection for cancer survivors, and understanding of the biological basis of radiation carcinogenesis. She has served as the co-chair of the Late Effects Task Force of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research; as an associate editor for the Journal of the National Cancer Institute; on the editorial boards of Cancer Research, British Journal of Cancer, and Leukemia and Lymphoma; and as a member of the Radiogenomics Consortium

Steering Committee. Dr. Morton is an elected member of the American Epidemiological Society.

David B. Richardson is the associate dean for research in public health and a professor in environmental and occupational health at the University of California, Irvine. Prior to this position he was a professor in the Department of Epidemiology in the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and the deputy director of the North Carolina Occupational Safety and Health Education and Research Center and the director of the center’s Program in Occupational Epidemiology. His research focuses on the health effects of occupational and environmental exposures, particularly with regard to carcinogens. He has conducted studies of cancer among workers in the United States and abroad. Dr. Richardson’s current research includes studies of mortality among nuclear industry workers and uranium miners, and development of new methods for occupational cohort studies. He is a member of Committee 1 (Radiation Effects) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection; serves as a lead coordinating writer for the United Nations Committee on Epidemiological Studies of Radiation and Cancer, Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation; and serves as the associate editor of the journals Occupational and Environmental Medicine and American Journal of Epidemiology. His service on National Academies’ committees includes the Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides—Tenth Biennial Update and the Committee on the Review of the Department of Labor’s Site Exposure Matrix (SEM) Database. Dr. Richardson received a Ph.D. and an M.S.P.H., both in epidemiology, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Dörthe Schaue is an associate professor of radiation oncology at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). For two decades her work has focused on the effects of ionizing radiation on the immune system, on tumor immunity, and on radiation mitigation. Originally trained at radiation research institutions in the United Kingdom and Germany, including the Gray Lab in London and the Paterson Institute in Manchester, Dr. Schaue developed an interest in the immunological aspects of low-dose radiation exposures and was able to build on this knowledge since joining UCLA in 2004. Her current National Institutes of Health–funded research efforts focus on understanding the complex interaction at the irradiated immune-tumor-host interface, and the development of immunoPET for monitoring these interactions in vivo. Her interests in radiation-induced immune imbalances and the role of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling in late effects of radiation damage and life shortening grew through her involvement in extensive radiation mitigation studies. She has mentored

numerous students, residents, and postgraduate researchers, and she is a member of the Physics and Biology in Medicine Graduate program at UCLA where she teaches radiation biology and immunity in addition to basic and translational radiobiology to UCLA Radiation Oncology residents. She is an associate editor for the International Journal of Radiation Biology and a reviewer for the National Cancer Institute’s Clinical and Translational Exploratory/Developmental Studies as well as other study sections. She currently serves on multiple national radiation interest committees, including the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements’ PAC1, ASTRO’s Radiobiology Task Force, and the Radiation Research Society.

Rashid A. Shaikh is the director of science (emeritus) at the Health Effects Institute (HEI), a nonprofit, independent research organization. He led scientific strategic planning for HEI, and he was responsible for the management and oversight of HEI’s diverse research portfolio and review activities. Working closely with multidisciplinary expert committees and paying close attention to policy and regulatory needs, he directed the planning and execution of HEI’s research on particulate matter, exposure assessment, accountability, ozone, diesel emissions, and other air pollutants; many of HEI’s studies have provided important information for regulatory policy. His responsibilities included the rigorous, independent peer review and preparation of commentary on all completed HEI-sponsored research. Additionally, he convened and managed several comprehensive and state-of-the-science reviews of research on air pollution and its health effects prepared by scientific panels. He also worked on science policy issues, including the use of human subjects, conflict of interest, data confidentiality and data access, and publication policy. Dr. Shaikh has served on several national scientific committees, including those at the Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board, and he has served on the Board of Advisors at the Center for Environmental Research and Technology, University of California, Irvine. He has a special interest in air quality and health issues, the use of new fuels and technologies for automobiles, air pollution, and strategic research planning the use of scientific information for policy making. Dr. Shaikh received his bachelor’s degree from St. Xavier’s College in Bombay, India, and his master’s degree from the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur, India. He received his doctorate in biology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Richard L. Wahl is the Elizabeth E. Mallinckrodt Professor and the head of the Department of Radiology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Dr. Wahl is also the director of the university’s Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology and a professor of radiation oncology. He has been at the forefront of efforts to combine quantitative data

from multiple kinds of scans to form so-called fusion images that can help physicians more precisely diagnose and characterize cancers. He was also among the first to harness the power of the immune system to precisely target radiation therapy to cancers, a technique that has become known as radioimmunotherapy. His clinical and research interests include radiopharmaceutical therapies, radioimmunotherapies, quantitative imaging, and imaging of the immune system. Dr. Wahl is an elected member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the American Association of Physicians, and the National Academy of Medicine. He serves as the chair of the Research and Discovery domain for the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging’s (SNMMI’s) Value Initiative. He was also elected president of SNMMI. Dr. Wahl has a B.A. in chemistry and an Sc.D. from Wartburg College and an M.D. from the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

Gayle E. Woloschak is currently a professor of radiation oncology at Northwestern University in Chicago and an adjunct professor of religion and science at the Lutheran School of Theology Chicago and at the Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. She holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences from the University of Toledo (Medical College of Ohio) and a D.M. in Eastern Christian studies from the Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. Her laboratory interests include molecular biology, radiation biology, and nano-biotechnology, and her science-religion fields include biological evolution, stem cell research, and ecology.

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Ourania “Rania” Kosti is a senior program officer at the Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board (NRSB) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the acting executive director of the InterAcademy Partnership, DC, office. Dr. Kosti’s interests within NRSB focus on radiation health effects, and she is the principal investigator for the National Academies’ Radiation Effects Research Foundation Program that supports studies of the atomic bombing survivors in Japan. Prior to her current appointment, she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, DC, where she conducted research on biomarker development for early cancer detection using case-control epidemiological study designs. Dr. Kosti also trained at the National Cancer Institute (2005–2007). She received a B.S. in biochemistry from the University of Surrey, United Kingdom; an M.S. in molecular medicine from the University College London; and a Ph.D. in molecular endocrinology from St. Bartholomew’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom.

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