Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
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Appendix D
Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data
A spreadsheet of reasons cited for the closure of U.S. Confucius Institutes (CIs) was compiled by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine staff using data collected by the National Association of Scholars.1 This spreadsheet is not exhaustive, in that it does not contain a listing of every U.S. CI that existed but rather a set of U.S. CIs for which the National Association of Scholars collected closure documents or contract agreements/Memorandums of Understandings. Reasons given for closure, when publicly specified, were further researched and verified by National Academies staff to the extent possible.
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1 See https://www.nas.org/reports/after-confucius-institutes/full-report#WhyConfuciusInstitutes Close and https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ozgY69PokmXJMWWO-uBy0DaJ021804iv?usp=sharing.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama A&M University | X | X | ||||
| Arizona State University | X | X | ||||
| Auburn University at Montgomery | X | |||||
| Augusta University | X | X | ||||
| Baruch College | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Binghamton University | ||||||
| Broward County Public Schools | ||||||
| Bryant University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| California State University, Long Beach | X |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Central Connecticut State University | X | “On July 16, 2020, CCSU was notified that Confucius Institute Headquarters (Hanban) was closing and the CIs would be administered by the Chinese International Education Foundation. With all of the uncertainties these organizational changes bring during these challenging times, CCSU has decided to close its CI on June 30, 2021.” – Letter from President Zulma Torro to Hao Pan, CLEC, November 6, 2020 | ||||
| Chicago Public Schools | X | |||||
| Clark County School District | “The main reason was we were not able to get licensable teachers to teach Chinese in Nevada.” – Shannon La Neve, Director of Humanities, Curriculum and Instruction Division, Clark County School District, via phone to Flora Yan, National Association of Scholars | |||||
| Cleveland State University | X | |||||
| College of William and Mary | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Colorado State University | X | |||||
| Columbia University | ||||||
| Community College of Denver | X |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dickinson State University | X | |||||
| Emory University | ||||||
| George Mason University | ||||||
| Georgia State University | “We will support the study of Chinese language and culture through the Office of International Initiatives in cooperation with our valued partner, BLCU. Given the strong and multi faceted links we have developed over the years, including academic collaborations, student exchange and study abroad, and its status as one of the leading institutions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language, BLCU is the ideal partner for us to build on and expand the many achievements of the Georgia State CI. The staff formerly affiliated with the CI will transfer to this new initiative and continue to support teaching and outreach efforts at the university and in the Atlanta community.” – Email from Associate Provost for International Initiatives Wolfgang Schlör to undisclosed recipients, August 19, 2020 |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Houston Independent School District | ||||||
| Indiana University–Purdue University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| Kansas State University | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Kennesaw State University | X | |||||
| Medgar Evers College | ||||||
| Miami Dade College | X | |||||
| Miami University (Ohio) | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Michigan State University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| Middle Tennessee State University | Possible restructuring | |||||
| New Jersey City University | No stated reason | |||||
| New Mexico State University | X | X | Possible restructuring | |||
| North Carolina State University | Possible restructuring |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northern State University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| Northwest Nazarene University | X | X | ||||
| Old Dominion University | X | X | ||||
| Pace University | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Pennsylvania State University | X | X | ||||
| Pfeiffer University | “The CI that formerly was located at Pfeiffer moved to the University of North Carolina at Charlotte at that time.” – Email from President Colleen Keith to the Wilberforce Institute, June 2018 | |||||
| Portland State University | X | X | Possible restructuring | |||
| Prairie View A&M University | X | |||||
| Presbyterian College | X | COVID-19 cited | ||||
| Rutgers University | X | X |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| San Diego State University | “SDSU closed and transferred the [Confucius Institute] on June 30, 2019 to San Diego Global Knowledge University. “Instead, the university is “launching a new Chinese Cultural Center.” – In “New Chinese, Global Education Center Launched at SDSU,” SDSU News Center, August 7, 2019, https://newscenter.sdsu.edu/sdsu_newscenter/news_story.aspx?sid=77714 | |||||
| San Francisco State University | X | |||||
| Savannah State University | “Current world circumstances with the force majeure presented by the global COVID-19 pandemic dictate that we discontinue the collaboration, and close the Confucius Institute at Savannah State University.” – Letter from Interim President Kimberly Ballard Washington to Ma Jianfei, CLEC, July 1, 2020 | |||||
| Southern Utah University | X | |||||
| St. Cloud State University | ||||||
| Stanford University | ||||||
| State College of Optometry, State University of New York | ||||||
| State University of New York at Albany | X | Possible restructuring |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State University of New York Global Center | ||||||
| Stony Brook University | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Temple University | Possible restructuring | |||||
| Texas A&M University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| Texas Southern University | X | |||||
| The George Washington University | ||||||
| Tufts University | “We have decided to focus more on our strong and growing direct relationship with BNU.” – James M. Glaser (Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences) and Diana Chigas (Senior International Officer and Associate Provost) in “Decision to Close the Confucius Institute at Tufts University,” Office of the Provost and Senior Vice President, Tufts University, March 17, 2021, https://provost.tufts.edu/blog/news/2021/03/17/decision-to-close-the-confucius-instituteat-tufts-university/ |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Tulane University | No stated reason | |||||
| University at Buffalo | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Akron | X | |||||
| University of Alaska Anchorage | X | |||||
| University of Arizona | X | |||||
| University of California, Davis | X | |||||
| University of California, Los Angeles | X | COVID-19 cited | ||||
| University of California, Santa Barbara | No stated reason | |||||
| University of Central Arkansas | No statement | |||||
| University of Chicago | X | X | ||||
| University of Delaware | X | “It was simply a decision made due to decreased activity.” – Associate Deputy Provost Ravi Ammigan, quoted in Kirk Smith, “Confucius Institute Set to Close in Early 2020,” The Review, October 8, 2019, http://udreview.com/confucius-institute-set-to-close-inearly-2020/ |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Hawai‘i Mānoa | X | |||||
| University of Idaho | Possible restructuring | |||||
| University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | X | |||||
| University of Iowa | X | |||||
| University of Kansas | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Kentucky | X | |||||
| University of Maryland | X | |||||
| University of Massachusetts Boston | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Memphis | X | |||||
| University of Michigan | Possible restructuring | |||||
| University of Minnesota | X |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| University of Missouri | X | |||||
| University of Montana | X | |||||
| University of Nebraska–Lincoln | X | Possible restructuring; COVID-19 | ||||
| University of New Hampshire | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of North Carolina at Charlotte | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of North Florida | X | |||||
| University of Oklahoma | X | X | X | |||
| University of Oregon | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Pittsburgh | X | |||||
| University of Rhode Island | X | |||||
| University of South Carolina | ||||||
| University of South Florida | X | X |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| Institution of Higher Education (IHE) | IHE’s response to U.S. public policy | Geopolitical relationship with Chinese government | State or IHE budgetary reasons | Lack of interest/decreased activity/declining enrollment | CI not aligned with university values/goals | Other reason (no public reason, restructuring, etc.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Southern Maine | X | X | ||||
| University of Tennessee, Knoxville | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Texas at Dallas | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| University of Texas at San Antonio | Possible restructuring | |||||
| University of Toledo | ||||||
| University of Washington | Transferred CI to Pacific Lutheran University | |||||
| University of West Florida | X | |||||
| University of Wisconsin–Platteville | X | X | X | |||
| Valparaiso University | X | X | ||||
| Wayne State University | Possible restructuring |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
| West Virginia University | X | |||||
| Western Kentucky University | X | Possible restructuring | ||||
| Western Michigan University | X | X | COVID-19 cited | |||
| Xavier University of Louisiana | “The University continues to offer for-credit Chinese language courses and the Chinese Minor through its Department of Languages.” – “Confucius Institute,” Xavier University, https://web.archive.org/web/20220225051341/ https://www.xula.edu/confucius/ | |||||
| TOTAL | 31 | 9 | 16 | 9 | 20 |
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Closure Reasons for U.S. CIs Using National Association of Scholars Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Confucius Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education: Waiver Criteria for the Department of Defense. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26747.
×
