Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
UPPER-ATMOSPHERE ELECTRIC-FIELD SOURCES 205 ACKNOWLEDGMENT Most of this chapter was prepared while the author was employed at the NOAA Space Environment Laboratory. References Aarons, J. (1982). Global morphology of ionospheric scintillations, Proc. ISEE 70 , 360-378 . Akasofu, S.-I. (1977). Physics of Magnetospheric Substorms , D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland. Akasofu, S.-I. (1984). The magnetospheric currents: An introduction, in Magnetospheric Currents , T. A. Potemra, ed., American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., pp. 29-48 . Akasofu, S.-I., and S. Chapman (1972). Solar-Terrestrial Physics , Clarendon Press, Oxford. Banks, P. M. (1979). Magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere interactions, in Solar System Plasma Physics , Vol. II , C. F. Kennel, L. J. Lanzerotti, and E. N. Parker, eds., North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, pp. 57-103 . Blanc, M., and A. D. Richmond (1980). The ionospheric disturbance dynamo, J. Geophys. Res. 85 , 1669-1686 . Burch, J. L. (1977). The magnetosphere, in The Upper Atmosphere and Magnetosphere , NRC Geophysics Study Committee, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., pp. 42-56 . Cowley, S. W. H. (1982). The causes of convection in the Earth's magnetosphere: A review of developments during the IMS, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20 , 531-565 . Cowley, S. W. H. (1983). Interpretation of observed relations between solar wind characteristics and effects at ionospheric altitudes, in High- Latitude Space Plasma Physics , B. Hultqvist and T. Hagfors, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 225-249 . Fejer, B. G. (1985). Equatorial ionospheric electric fields associated with magnetospheric disturbances, in Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Coupling , Y. Kamide, ed., D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland. Fejer, B. G., and M. C. Kelley (1980). Ionosphere irregularities, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 18 , 401-454 . Fejer, B. G., D. T. Farley, R. F. Woodman, and C. Calderon (1979). Dependence of equatorial F region vertical drifts on season and solar cycle, J. Geophys. Res. 84 , 5792-5796 . Forbes, J. M. (1981). The equatorial electrojet, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 19 , 469-504 . Forbes, J. M. (1982a). Atmospheric tides, 1. Model description and results for the solar diurnal component, J. Geophys. Res. 87 , 5222-5240 . Forbes, J. M. (1982b). Atmospheric tides, 2. The solar and lunar semidiurnal components, J. Geophys. Res. 87 , 5241-5252 . Forbes, J. M., and H. B. Garrett (1979). Theoretical studies of atmospheric tides, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17 , 1951-1981 . Friis-Christensen, E., Y. Kamide, A. D. Richmond, and S. Matsushita (1985). Interplanetary magnetic field control of high-latitude electric fields and currents determined from Greenland magnetometer data, J. Geophys. Res. 90 , 1325-1338 . Harper, R. M. (1977). Tidal winds in the 100- to 200-km region at Arecibo, J. Geophys. Res. 82 , 3243-3250 . Hill, T. W. (1979). Generation of the magnetospheric electric field, in Quantitative Modeling of Magnetospheric Processes , W. P. Olson, ed., American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 297-315 . Hill, T. W., and R. A. Wolf (1977). Solar-wind interaction, in The Upper Atmosphere and Magnetosphere , NRC Geophysics Study Committee, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., pp. 25-41 . Hones, E. W., Jr. (1983). Magnetic structure of the boundary layer, Space Sci. Rev. 34 , 201-211 . Hundhausen, A. J. (1979). Solar activity and the solar wind, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17 , 2034-2048 . Joselyn, J. C., ed. (1982). Workshop on Satellite Drag , NOAA Space Environment Laboratory, Boulder, Colo., 251 pp . Lyons, L. R., and D. J. Williams (1984). Quantitative Aspects of Magnetospheric Physics , D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, Holland. Matsushita, S. ( 1967 ). Solar quiet and lunar daily variation fields, in Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena , Vol. 1 , S. Matsushita and W. H. Campbell, eds., Academic Press, New York, pp. 301-424 . McPherron, R. L. (1979). Magnetospheric substorms, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17 , 657-681 . Meriwether, J. W., Jr. (1983). Observations of thermospheric dynamics at high latitudes from ground and space, Radio Sci. 18 , 1035-1052 . Mozer, F. S., and P. Lucht (1974). The average auroral zone electric field, J. Geophys. Res. 79 , 1001-1006 . Nishida, A. (1978). Geomagnetic Diagnosis of the Magnetosphere ,, Springer-Verlag, New York, 256 pp . Prölss, G.. (1980). Magnetic storm associated perturbations of the upper atmosphere: Recent results obtained by satelliteborne gas analyzers, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 18 , 183-202 . Reiff, P. H. (1984). Models of auroral-zone conductances, in Magnetospheric Currents , T. A. Potemra, ed., American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 180-191 . Richmond, A. D., M. Blanc, B. A. Emery, R. H. Wand, B. G. Fejer, R. F. Woodman, S. Ganguly, P. Amaynec, R. A. Behnke, C. Calderon, and J. V. Evans (1980). An empirical model of quiet-day ionospheric electric fields at middle and low latitudes, J. Geophys. Res. 85 , 4658-4664 . Roederer, J. G. (1979). Earth's magnetosphere: Global problems in magnetospheric plasma physics, in Solar System Plasma Physics , Vol. II , C. F. Kennel, L. J. Lanzerotti, and E. N. Parker, eds., North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, pp. 1-56 . Rostoker, G. (1983). Dependence of the high-latitude ionospheric fields and plasma characteristics on the properties of the interplanetary medium, in High-Latitude Space Plasma Physics , B. Hultqvist and T. Hagfors, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 189-204 . Rowe, J. F., Jr., and J. D. Mathews (1973). Low-latitude nighttime E region conductivities, J. Geophys. Res. 78 , 7461-7470 . Sojka, J. J., R. W. Schunk, J. V. Evans, and J. M. Holt (1983). Comparison of model high-latitude electron densities with Millstone Hill observations, J. Geophys. Res. 88 , 7783-7793 . Spiro, R. W., and R. A. Wolf (1984). Electrodynamics of convection in the inner magnetosphere, in Magnetospheric Currents , T. A. Potemra, ed., American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 247-259 . Stern, D. P. (1977). Large-scale electric fields in the Earth's magnetosphere, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 15 , 156-194 . Stern, D. P. (1983). The origins of Birkeland currents, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 21 , 125-138 . Takeda, M., and H. Maeda (1980). Three-dimensional structure of ionospheric currentsâ1. Currents caused by diurnal tidal winds, J. Geophys. Res. 85 , 6895-6899 . Takeda, M., and H. Maeda (1981). Three dimensional structure of ionospheric currentsâ2. Currents caused by semidiurnal tidal winds , J. Geophys. Res. 86 , 5861-5867 . Wagner, C. U., D. Möhlmann, K. Schäfer, V. M. Mishin, and M. I. Matveev (1980). Large-scale electric fields and currents and related geomagnetic variations in the quiet plasmasphere, Space Sci. Rev. 26 , 391-446 .