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45 GLOSSARY Advisory circulars Instructions from the FAA on how to comply with federal aviation laws and regulations. Air traffic control tower A tower at an airfield from which air traffic is controlled by radio and observed physically and by radar. Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Specialized fire fighters, rescuers, procedures, and equipment to deal with aircraft accidents at an airport. Airport Community Emergency Response Team A Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) that is specially trained to assist in defined functions at the airport to which it is attached. Airport emergency plan (AEP) A comprehensive plan for dealing with all hazards reasonably expected to affect a given airport, required for all Part 139 airports and recommended for all other airports. Airport-to-airport mutual aid Voluntary coordination among airports to provide assistance in the form of skilled airport workers, equipment, and supplies to an air- port that has been impacted by a natural disaster and that requests aid. Business continuity plan (BCP) A plan that describes the arrangements and procedures that will enable an organization to respond to a disruptive event in such a manner that critical business functions continue or are quickly restored. Business continuity planning An ongoing process, adequately funded and supported by senior management, to ensure that the necessary steps are taken to identify the impact of potential losses, maintain viable recovery strategies and recovery plans, and ensure continuity of services through per- sonnel training, plan testing, and maintenance. Business impact analysis (BIA) A management-level analysis that identifies and measures the effects of resource loss and escalating losses over time in order to provide the entity with reliable data upon which to base decisions regarding hazard mitigation and continuity planning. Business recovery functions Activities that will enable an agency to return to normal essential functions after a disruption. These activities are implemented after continuation efforts are put into place. Contingency A future event that is likely but not certain to happen. The conse- quences would be such that one must prepare for the event. Contingency plan A plan that describes how an agency intends to respond to events that disrupt normal operations. It provides instructions on how to perform recovery tasks to maintain essential functions. Continuity of business practices Practices that provide focus and guidance for the decisions and actions necessary for a business to prevent, mitigate, prepare for,
46 respond to, resume, recover, restore, and transition from a disruptive event (crisis) in a manner consistent with its strategic objectives. Continuity of operations plan (COOP) A plan typically used in the public sector by an organization to ensure that the capability exists to continue essential operational functions across a wide range of potential disruptions, incidents, and emergencies. Disaster operations group A voluntary group of airports that provide coordinated assistance in the form of skilled airport workers, equipment, and supplies to an airport that has been impacted by a natural disaster and that requests aid. SEADOG and WESTDOG are currently the two disaster opera- tions groups in the United States. Emergency management The coordination and integration of all activities necessary to build, sustain, and improve the capabilities to prepare for, respond to, recover from, or mitigate against threatened or actual disasters or emergencies, regardless of cause. Emergency Management Assistance Compact A congressionally ratified compact that provides form and structure to interstate mutual disaster relief. Essential functions Functions that must occur to enable a department or agency to per- form services. Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) Rules prescribed by the FAA that govern all aviation activities in the United States; part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations. General aviation (GA) airport An airport that does not meet the criteria for classification as a com- mercial service airport may be included in the National Plan of Inte- grated Airport Systems (NPIAS) as a GA airport if it has enough activity (usually at least 10 locally based aircraft) and is at least 20 miles from the nearest NPIAS airport. Human resources The personnel of a business or organization, especially when they are regarded as a significant asset; also, the department of a business or organization that deals with the hiring, administration, and train- ing of personnel. Incident action plan (IAP) An organized course of events that addresses all phases of incident control within a specified time. An IAP is necessary to ensure suc- cessful outcomes in any situation, especially emergency operations, in a timely manner. Incident Command System (ICS) A standardized organizational structure used to command, con- trol, and coordinate the use of resources and personnel that have responded to the scene of an emergency. Information technology (IT) The study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommu- nications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information. Irregular operations (IROPS) plan Actions taken to adjust for and recover from the impacts of airline schedules disrupted by, for example, aircraft accidents, security inci- dents, crew absences, mechanical failures, and severe weather. Large hub airport An airport with at least 1% of total U.S. passenger enplanements.
47 Medium hub airport An airport with between 0.25% and 1% of total U.S. passenger enplanements. Mutual aid Reciprocal assistance by emergency services under a predetermined plan. Mutual aid agreement A voluntary, noncontractual arrangement between two or more enti- ties to provide emergency or disaster assistance. It typically does not involve payment, reimbursement, liability, or mandatory responses. National Incident Management System (NIMS) A systematic, proactive approach guiding government agencies at all levels, the private sector, and nongovernment organizations to pre- pare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents, regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity, in order to reduce the loss of life and property and reduce harm to the environment. National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS) A national airport plan prepared by the FAA in accordance with Sec- tion 47103 of Title 49 of the U.S. Code. NPIAS includes all primary and commercial service airports, selected general aviation airports, and all general aviation airports designated as reliever airports by the FAA. Navigation aid Any visual or electronic device, airborne or on the ground, that pro- vides point-to-point guidance information or position data to aircraft in flight. Non-hub primary airport An airport that has less than 0.05% of all commercial passenger enplanements but more than 10,000 annual enplanements. Operations and maintenance All the services required to ensure that the built environment will perform the functions for which it was designed and constructed. Operations and procedures Development, coordination, and implementation of operational poli- cies, plans, and procedures. Part 139 airport An airport that serves scheduled and unscheduled air carrier aircraft with more than 30 seats and scheduled air carrier operations in air- craft with 10 to 30 seats, and is required by the FAA Administrator to have a certificate for operation. Planning The collection, analysis, and use of information, and the develop- ment, promulgation, and maintenance of an organizationâs compre- hensive emergency management plan, action plans, and mitigation plans. Preparedness Activities, programs, and systems developed prior to a disaster or emergency that can be used to support and enhance mitigation of, response to, and recovery from disasters or emergencies. Primary airport A public airport that receives scheduled passenger service and has more than 10,000 annual enplanements. Public information officer The person responsible for communicating with the public and the media, and coordinating with other agencies regarding incident- related information.
48 Reliever airport A high-capacity general aviation airport in a major metropolitan area that has 100 or more based aircraft or 25,000 annual itinerant operations; the FAA officially designates reliever airports. Risk analysis The systematic, objective examination or reexamination of the risks and hazards that might affect a facility, program, operation, or procedure. Safety management system The formal, top-down business approach to managing safety risk, which includes a systemic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies, and procedures. Small hub airport An airport with 0.05% to 0.25% percent of total U.S. passenger enplanements. Southeast Airports Disaster Operations The airport-to-airport mutual aid group made up of airports gener- ally in the area from Washington, D.C., to Texas. SEADOG sends qualified volunteers to fill needs as requested by airports affected by natural disasters. Tabletop exercise An activity that involves key personnel discussing simulated scenar- ios in an informal setting. This type of exercise can be used to assess plans, policies, and procedures or to assess the systems needed to guide the prevention of, response to, and recovery from a defined incident. Tabletop exercises are typically aimed at facilitating under- standing of concepts, identifying strengths and shortfalls, and gen- erating positive changes in attitude. Participants are encouraged to discuss issues in depth and develop solutions through slow-paced problem solving as opposed to the rapid, spontaneous decision mak- ing that occurs under actual or simulated emergency conditions. Terminal incident response plan (TIRP) A detailed plan to guide evacuation, sheltering-in-place, repopula- tion, and other responses in an airport terminal after a disruptive incident. Western Airports Disaster Operations The airport-to-airport mutual aid group made up of airports gener- ally in the area from Denver west to the Pacific Ocean. WESTDOG sends qualified volunteers to fill needs as requested by airports affected by natural disasters. Group (SEADOG) Group (WESTDOG)
